Changes in HIV Prevalence and Risk Among New Injecting Drug Users in a Russian City of High HIV Prevalence

This is an early report of data from an on-going, repeated, cross-sectional study of a community sample of Glasgow injecting drug users. Although HIV was first detected among Glasgow's drug injectors in 1985, data from the first two years of our annual samples (1990 and 1991) indicate that HIV prevalence continues to be low in this population, in the order of 1 or 2 per cent. Possible reasons for this apparent continuing low prevalence are examined. It is suggested that substantial risk reduction – reductions in injection equipment-sharing, reductions in numbers of sharing partners and restrictions in social circles of sharing partners – may have been sufficient reasons, in conjunction with limited contributions to near-stabilisation from the disproportionate attrition of the numerator population through death and cessation of injecting.

Download Full-text

HIV prevalence and HIV risk behaviour among injecting drug users in London and Glasgow

AIDS Care ◽

10.1080/09540129308258011 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 413-425 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

T. J. Rhodes ◽

M. J. Bloor ◽

M. C. Donoghoe ◽

S. Haw ◽

B. Ettore ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hiv Risk ◽

Drug Users ◽

Risk Behaviour ◽

Injecting Drug Users ◽

Hiv Prevalence

Download Full-text

HIV Prevalence and Frequency of Risk Behavior in Injecting Drug Users Entering Treatment and Out of Treatment: A Cross-Sectional Study in Five Italian Cities

Journal of Drug Issues ◽

10.1177/002204269402400312 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 24 (3) ◽

pp. 527-535 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Giovanni Rezza ◽

Stefania Salmaso ◽

Damiano Abeni ◽

Giovanna Brancato ◽

Alessandra Anemona ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Behavior ◽

Drug Users ◽

Injecting Drug Users ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Hiv Prevalence ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Outreach Programs ◽

Male To Female

We conducted a study to describe current patterns of drug-related behaviors, and to identify characteristics that may distinguish injecting drug users entering treatment from those out of treatment, in five Italian cities. Overall, 1,180 subjects were recruited — 568 entering treatment and 612 out of treatment. Male to female ratio was 6.6:1. The median age was similar in the two groups. A high proportion of injecting drug users recruited out of treatment had been in treatment at least once. HIV prevalence among injecting drug users entering treatment was not higher than that of those who were out of treatment. Furthermore, a large proportion of injecting drug users who still were out of treatment reported having adopted safe behaviors. The results of the study emphasize the need to implement outreach programs aimed at harm reduction.

Download Full-text

High HIV testing and low HIV prevalence among injecting drug users attending the Sydney Medically Supervised Injecting Centre

Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1111/j.1753-6405.2009.00389.x ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 33 (3) ◽

pp. 280-283 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Allison M. Salmon ◽

Ingrid Van Beek ◽

Janaki Amin ◽

Andrew Grulich ◽

Lisa Maher

Keyword(s):

Hiv Testing ◽

Drug Users ◽

Injecting Drug Users ◽

Hiv Prevalence

Download Full-text

Patterns of HIV prevalence among injecting drug users in the cross-border area of Lang Son Province, Vietnam, and Ning Ming County, Guangxi Province, China

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/1471-2458-5-89 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Don C Des Jarlais ◽

Patrick Johnston ◽

Patricia Friedmann ◽

Ryan Kling ◽

Wei Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drug Users ◽

Injecting Drug Users ◽

Hiv Prevalence ◽

Guangxi Province ◽

Border Area ◽

Cross Border ◽

The Cross

Download Full-text

Could the CARE-SHAKTI intervention for injecting drug users be maintaining the low HIV prevalence in Dhaka, Bangladesh?

Addiction ◽

10.1111/j.1360-0443.2006.01637.x ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 102 (1) ◽

pp. 114-125 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Anna M. Foss ◽

Charlotte H. Watts ◽

Peter Vickerman ◽

Tasnim Azim ◽

Lorna Guinness ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drug Users ◽

Injecting Drug Users ◽

Hiv Prevalence

Download Full-text

HIV prevalence and risk behaviour in injecting drug users in Berlin

Forensic Science International ◽

10.1016/0379-0738(93)90048-f ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 62 (1-2) ◽

pp. 73-81 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

K. Stark ◽

R. Müller

Keyword(s):

Drug Users ◽

Risk Behaviour ◽

Injecting Drug Users ◽

Hiv Prevalence

Download Full-text

Comparison of Four Survey Methods Designed to Estimate the Prevalence of HIV among Female Prostitutes Who Inject Drugs

International Journal of STD & AIDS ◽

10.1177/095646249400500306 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 186-188 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

David Goldberg ◽

Stephen T Green ◽

Avril Taylor ◽

Martin Frischer ◽

Neil McKeganey

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Drug Users ◽

Survey Methods ◽

Red Light ◽

Risk Groups ◽

Injecting Drug Users ◽

Hiv Prevalence ◽

Continuous Basis ◽

Female Prostitutes ◽

Light Area

In Glasgow, during the period January 1990 to December 1992, 4 different methods were used to determine HIV prevalence among female prostitutes who inject drugs: the surveillance of prostitutes undergoing voluntary named tests, an unlinked anonymous survey of prostitutes attending a health care drop-in centre, a community-wide voluntary anonymous survey of injecting drug users including female prostitutes, and a voluntary anonymous survey of female prostitutes recruited in Glasgow's red-light area. HIV prevalence varied from 1.2 to 4.7% though overlapping confidence intervals indicated no significant differences. A comparison of each approach leads the authors to suggest that the former 2 methods which are relatively inexpensive should be conducted, if possible, on high risk groups such as prostitutes and injecting drug users on a continuous basis. If these indicate HIV rates which are stable and less than 5%, implementation of more sophisticated voluntary anonymous approaches need only be done every 3 to 4 years. However, if rates are unstable and/or greater than 5% then such surveys should be initiated more frequently, perhaps biannually.

Download Full-text