Determining the Print Quality Due to Deformation of the Halftone Dots in Flexography

This paper researches the issues related to the print quality in flexography, especially the influence of the print run and inadequate printing settings on dot deformation. Dot deformation can lead to inconsistencies in print quality, such as a loss of highlight tones or an unpredictable increase in tonal value. This research was conducted on two concrete examples of flexible packaging printed on transparent films. All significant parameters of dot deformation were evaluated, including dot coverage, dot sharpness and the uniformity of the ink density. The increase in the coverage values in the midtones was linear throughout the entire print run, while in the light tones, it was more logarithmic. The overall percentage deviations from the reference value were 6.3% in the midtones and 52.6% in the light area. The increase in dot coverage was due to the wear of the polymer plate, which caused the side shoulders of the dot to become a part of the printing surface. An analysis of the ink density showed a much more homogeneous shape of the dot at the beginning of the print run. The correct ratio of the anilox roller line screen to the line ruling of the printing plate is important in order to ensure a minimum dot size in print.

A Modified Gamma Correction Algorithm Applied to the Medium and Bright Light Problems in AI Image Recognition

In this paper, an improved block gamma correction algorithm is proposed for the problem of bright light repair in outdoor scenes in the field of artificial intelligence image recognition, and simulation verification is carried out. Firstly, the strong light area is quickly extracted to meet the high-speed and low-calculation requirements of the artificial intelligence image recognition algorithm. Secondly, the strong light area is divided into sub-blocks, and different gamma values are used according to the standard deviation of each sub-block, which effectively reduces the strong light area. Finally, high image detail information and color confidence are preserved, and at the same time, it meets the requirements of the subsequent image recognition network for the input image.

Cutaneous Kaposi’s sarcoma in an HIV-negative patient with Crohn’s disease on thiopurine immunosuppression

We present the rare case of a 61-year-old man with Crohn’s disease who developed a cutaneous Kaposi’s sarcoma in the setting of long-term treatment with 6-mercaptopurine. Deciding on the best course of management provided a clinical challenge in an ‘evidence-light’ area. Relevant case reports and guidelines were reviewed. In general, the withdrawal of immunosuppressive therapy is advised; however, a multidisciplinary, case-by-case approach is also emphasised. The patient’s lesion was removed and, following collaborative discussion, immunosuppression was continued post resection. This is thought to be the first reported case involving a Kaposi’s sarcoma in inflammatory bowel disease where immune therapy was not subsequently discontinued.

Growth and SHG of a 3D coordination polymer based on metallacalix[4]arenes molecular building blocks

A three-dimensional (3D) Cd-CP [Cd(H2L)]n was synthesized under hydrothermal conditions [[Formula: see text]-[2,4[Formula: see text]-biimidazole]-4,5-dicarboxylicacid]. The structure of [Cd(H2L)]n was characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and the result shows that it exhibits a non-centrosymmetric lig(LiGe) network constructed from interconnecting C2-symmetric metallacalix[4]arenes Cd4(H2L)4 MBBs. This complex exhibits light blue fluorescence emission originated from intraligand [Formula: see text] electron transition, indicating that the d[Formula: see text] metal ions can hardly absorb energy and thus have no interference with the fluorescence of the ligand. The UV–Vis was used to investigate the optical property of the sample, which is essentially not absorbed in the visible light area and the band gap of the sample is about 2.2[Formula: see text]eV. Moreover, nonlinear optical (NLO) determination shows that the sample exhibits an obvious second-harmonic generation (SHG) response of [Formula: see text].

“I Am Almost a Breadwinner for My Family”: Exploring the Manifestation of Agency in Sex Workers’ Personal and Professional Contexts

While societal and structural factors often constrain women’s agency in patriarchal settings, women nevertheless find creative ways to manifest and develop agency. Female sex workers (FSWs), in particular, are regularly assumed to have little or no agency, but an important body of literature suggests otherwise. To add to this knowledge, this study sought to answer the question: How do FSWs in Mumbai, India, exert agency in personal and professional contexts? In-depth interviews were conducted with 12 FSWs in the Kamathipura red-light area. Four themes emerged: (a) sex work as a rational and empowering choice, (b) resources and assets, (c) sex work as a means of achievement, and (d) managing violence, retribution, and fear. These themes reveal expressions of agency that illustrate how sex workers are intentional, rational, goal-oriented, and resilient. The findings of this study can contribute to the removal of stigma surrounding sex work and inform service providers working with this population in their efforts to treat sex workers with dignity and respect. Further research is needed in this area, especially which centers on the voices of the agentic sex workers themselves.

Electrospun-based TiO2 nanofibers for organic pollutant photodegradation: a comprehensive review

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is commonly used as a photocatalyst in the removal of organic pollutants. However, weaknesses of TiO2 such as fast charge recombination and low visible light usage limit its industrial application. Furthermore, photocatalysts that are lost during the treatment of pollutants create the problem of secondary pollutants. Electrospun-based TiO2 fiber is a promising alternative to immobilize TiO2 and to improve its performance in photodegradation. Some strategies have been employed in fabricating the photocatalytic fibers by producing hollow fibers, porous fibers, composite TiO2 with magnetic materials, graphene oxide, as well as doping TiO2 with metal. The modification of TiO2 can improve the absorption of TiO2 to the visible light area, act as an electron acceptor, provide large surface area, and promote the phase transformation of TiO2. The improvement of TiO2 properties can enhance carrier transfer rate which reduces the recombination and promotes the generation of radicals that potentially degrade organic pollutants. The recyclability of fibers, calcination effect, photocatalytic reactors used, operation parameters involved in photodegradation as well as the commercialization potential of TiO2 fibers are also discussed in this review.

Application of Luojia 1-01 Nighttime Images for Detecting the Light Changes for the 2019 Spring Festival in Western Cities, China

This study analyzed changes in nighttime light during the 2019 Spring Festival using Luojia 1-01 nighttime images in six western cities of China (Chengdu, Panzhihua, Kunming, Yuxi, Lhasa, and Jinchang). First, the radiance of the nighttime images was calculated. Second, the light area (LA) and average light intensity (ALI) were estimated for both Spring Festival and non-festival dates. Third, the differences in LA and ALI between the Spring Festival and non-festival were analyzed for all six cities. Migration population data from Baidu Inc. were used to examine the relationship between the changes of nighttime light and the population migration. The results show that, during the non-festival to Spring Festival period, the decrease in LA values coincided with negative net immigration. During the Spring Festival to non-festival period, the LA values increased, which coincided with positive net immigration. The F-test shows that the positive linear relationship between the normalized change in LA and the normalized net immigration is significant at the 0.05 level. This strongly indicates that population migration causes changes in LA. Moreover, while the population is considerably less in these cities during the Spring Festival, the ALI is noticeably higher, which suggests that urban activities are intensified during this period. This study demonstrates the applicability of using Luojia 1-01 nighttime images to detect the nighttime light changes for the Spring Festival in western cities, China, which can then be used to evaluate population migration and urban activities in the Spring Festival. Considering the higher spatial resolution of Luojia 1-01 than NPP (National Polar-orbiting Partnership) / VIIRS (Visible infrared Imaging Radiometer), this study may inspire more applications of Luojia 1-01 to track the activities in a variety of festival-cultures and cities.