An investigation of the spatio-temporal parameters of gait and margins of stability throughout adulthood

Age-related changes in the way of walking may induce changes in dynamic stability. Therefore, the relationship between age, spatio-temporal characteristics and margins of stability was examined. One hundred and five healthy adults aged between 20 and 89 years old were analysed on spatio-temporal characteristics and margins of stability using three-dimensional motion analysis. Subjects walked barefoot over a 12-m-long walkway at their preferred walking speed. Covariance among gait characteristics was reduced using a factor analysis, identifying domains of gait. The influence of age, gender, body mass index (BMI) and leg length on domains of gait and margins of stability was investigated using linear mixed models. A stepwise linear regression identified domains of gait predicting the variance in margins of stability. Four domains of gait explaining 74.17% of the variance were identified. Age had a significant influence on the medio-lateral margin of stability and the ‘variability', ‘pace' and ‘base of support' domain. BMI significantly influenced the medio-lateral margin of stability; gender and leg length had no influence on either of the margins of stability. The ‘base of support’ domain predicted 26% of the variance in the medio-lateral margin of stability. When considering the margins of stability, especially when comparing multiple groups, age, BMI and spatio-temporal parameters should be taken into account.

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Age-related features of walking with cognitive tasks

Biomedical and Biosocial Anthropology ◽

10.31393/bba34-2019-10 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 68-76

Author(s):

V. M. Moroz ◽

M. V. Yoltukhivskyy ◽

O. V. Vlasenko ◽

G. S. Moskovko ◽

O. V. Bogomaz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Young Women ◽

Cognitive Task ◽

Step Length ◽

Human Walking ◽

Cognitive Tasks ◽

Temporal Parameters ◽

Age Related ◽

Spatial Parameters ◽

Spatio Temporal ◽

Support Time

Human walking is considered as a complex cognitive act. The research purpose is an analysis of age-related features of spatio-temporal parameters of human walking and directions of their changes at walking with dual (cognitive) tasks. The walking spatio-temporal indexes were studied in 608 individuals of both sexes aged 12-43 years by GAITRite® (CIR Systems Inc.,Clifton, NJ) under normal walking at individually comfortable velocity and under additional cognitive tasks: 1) sequentially pronounce aloud any known animals; 2) starting from a number 100, subtract 7 and pronounce the result aloud. The statistical processing of the got results was carried out in the licensed software “STATISTICA 5.5”. At performing the first, simpler, task, the spatial parameters had no significant changes in all age groups. Most of the temporal parameters changed: cycle time, swing time, single support time, and double support time increased. Therefore, equilibrium maintaining at walking with naming animals is realized with a longer overall support period, reducing the walking cadence and velocity. The constant width of the support base and the angle of the feet turn indicate that the magnitudes of the functional support base and angle of the feet turn at normal walking is sufficient to maintain posture and balance at walking with simultaneous performance of the cognitive task, as well as more rigid mechanisms of regulation of these two parameters. The walking temporal parameters are more labile than spatial parameters. With age, the percentage of the integral index of walking quality (FAP) decreases especially in females: in girls by 15.3 %, in young women by 14.4 %, in middle-aged women by 7.4 %. At performing the second, more complex, arithmetic task, in young men and young girls support base, toe-in-out, step length difference had no significant changes only. The mean velocity, cadence, step length, stride length, step extremity ratio decreased. The count of steps, all temporal parameters, and stance percentage increased. FAP declined critically by 30.4 % in young men and 33.4 % in young women, indicating a decrease in balance and body stability under walking with cognitive task and increasing the risk of falls. Therefore, a significant reduction in FAP can be used as a diagnostic criterion in neurological practice.

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Benign positional nystagmus: A study of its three-dimensional spatio-temporal characteristics

Neurology ◽

10.1212/01.wnl.0000163545.57134.3d ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 64 (11) ◽

pp. 1897-1905 ◽

Cited By ~ 80

Author(s):

S. T. Aw ◽

M. J. Todd ◽

G. E. Aw ◽

L. A. McGarvie ◽

G. M. Halmagyi

Keyword(s):

Three Dimensional ◽

Positional Nystagmus ◽

Temporal Characteristics ◽

Spatio Temporal

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Features of the space-time characteristics of the gait of children and adolescents involved in sports

Sechenov Medical Journal ◽

10.47093/2218-7332_2018.3.12-16 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 12-16

Author(s):

L. A. Udochkina ◽

O. I. Vorontsova ◽

L. A. Goncharova ◽

I. G. Mazin

Keyword(s):

Children And Adolescents ◽

Walking Speed ◽

Female Athletes ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Control Group ◽

State University ◽

Temporal Characteristics ◽

Double Support ◽

Spatio Temporal ◽

Spatial And Temporal Characteristics

The study of the spatial and temporal characteristics of the gait of children and adolescents is an important task. The purpose of this study was to determine the spatial and temporal characteristics of the gait of children and adolescents of different age categories who systematically engage in sports.Methods. On motion capture complex Vicon in the Center for Collective Use "Three-dimensional study of the biomechanics of motion" of the Astrakhan State University, 43 children were examined: 22 children in the control group and 21 children in the study group.Results. Quantitative indicators of the spatial and temporal characteristics of the gait of children engaged in sports dancing were obtained and a comparative analysis of this data with the control group was carried out. An increase of walking speed and cadence, a decrease in the time of single and double support in male athletes in the 7-12 year old group was revealed; increased of walking speed and cadence, a marked decrease in the time of single support, a decrease in the limp index in female athletes in the 7-12 year old group; an increase the cadence in female athletes in the group of 12-15 years.Conclusions. Doing sport every day helps with the spatio-temporal changes of the walk among children and teenagers. The imbalance of the motor function is examined among girls, that doing sports between the age of 7-12, so that’s why it needs a special attention from doctors, traumatologist and orthopedists.

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Does the margin of stability measure predict stability of gait with a constrained base of support?

10.1101/646943 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Lakshdeep Gill ◽

Andrew H. Huntley ◽

Avril Mansfield

Keyword(s):

Motion Capture ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Centre Of Mass ◽

Narrow Beam ◽

Margin Of Stability ◽

Stability Measure ◽

Subsequent Step ◽

Base Of Support ◽

Mass Position ◽

Healthy Participants

ABSTRACTThis study aimed to determine the validity of the centre of mass position (COM) position and extrapolated COM (XCOM), relative to the base of support, for predicting stability during a walking task where the base of support is constrained. Nine young healthy participants walked on a narrow beam. Three-dimensional motion capture was used to calculate the COM and XCOM relative to the base of support. Steps were classified as having either the COM or XCOM inside or outside the base of support, and were classified as successful (stable – foot placed on the beam) or failed (unstable – foot stepped off the beam). If the COM or XCOM are valid measures of stability, they should be within the base of support for successful steps and outside the base of support for failed steps. Classifying the COM and XCOM inside or outside the base of support correctly predicted successful or failed steps in 69% and 58% of cases, respectively. When the COM or XCOM were outside the base of support, walking faster seemed to help participants to maintain stability. The further the COM or XCOM were outside the base of support during a successful step, the more likely participants were to fail on a subsequent step. The results of this study suggest that both COM and XCOM are valid measures of stability during a beam walking task, but that classifying COM and XCOM as inside or outside the base of support may be over-simplistic.

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OPL013 Three-dimensional spatio-temporal characteristics of benign positional nystagmus

Journal of the Neurological Sciences ◽

10.1016/s0022-510x(05)80191-1 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 238 ◽

pp. S48

Keyword(s):

Three Dimensional ◽

Positional Nystagmus ◽

Temporal Characteristics ◽

Spatio Temporal

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Perceived Impact of Spasticity Is Associated with Spatial and Temporal Parameters of Gait in Multiple Sclerosis

ISRN Neurology ◽

10.5402/2012/675431 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Swathi Balantrapu ◽

Brian M. Sandroff ◽

Jacob J. Sosnoff ◽

Robert W. Motl

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Swing Phase ◽

Double Support ◽

Temporal Parameters ◽

Perceived Impact ◽

Spatio Temporal ◽

Base Of Support

Background. Spasticity is prevalent and disabling in persons with multiple sclerosis (MS), and the development of the Multiple Sclerosis Spasticity Scale-88 (MSSS-88) provides an opportunity for examining the perceived impact of spasticity and its association with gait in this population. Purpose. This study examined the association between the perceived impact of spasticity and spatio-temporal parameters of gait in persons with MS. Methods. The sample included 44 adults with MS who completed the MSSS-88 and 4 walking trials on a 26-foot GAITRiteTM electronic walkway for measurement of spatio-temporal components of gait including velocity, cadence, base of support, step time, single support, double support, and swing phase. Results. The overall MSSS-88 score was significantly associated with velocity (), cadence (), base of support (), step time (), single leg support (), double leg support (), and swing phase (). Conclusions. The perceived impact of spasticity coincides with alterations of the spatio-temporal parameters of gait in MS. This indicates that subsequent interventions might target a decrease in spasticity or its perceived impact as an approach for improving mobility in MS.

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