scholarly journals Sora ( Porzana carolina ) autumn migration habitat use

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 171664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Auriel M. V. Fournier ◽  
Doreen C. Mengel ◽  
David G. Krementz
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Use ◽  
Wetland Management ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Autumn Migration ◽  
Moist Soil ◽  
Wading Birds ◽  
Management Techniques ◽  
Porzana Carolina ◽  
Breeding Waterfowl

Palustrine wetland management across the USA is often conducted under a moist soil management framework aimed at providing energetic resources for non-breeding waterfowl. Moist soil management techniques typically include seasonal water-level manipulations and mechanical soil disturbance to create conditions conducive to germination and growth of early successional, seed-producing wetland plants. The assumption is that providing stopover and wintering habitat for non-breeding waterfowl will also accommodate life-history needs of a broader suite of migratory waterbirds including shorebirds, wading birds and marsh birds. Although studies of wetlands provide some evidence to support this assumption for shorebirds and wading birds, there is less information on how other marshbirds respond. Sora ( Porzana carolina ) are a species of migratory rail that depend on wetlands year round as they migrate across North America. It is a species for which the consequences of wetland management decisions directed towards non-breeding waterfowl are unknown. We conducted nocturnal surveys on 10 public properties in Missouri, USA during autumn migration during 2012–2016 to examine sora habitat use in wetland impoundments managed to enhance the production of moist soil vegetation. We found a positive relationship with sora presence and mean water depth and annual moist soil vegetation; sora used, on average, deeper water than was available across surveyed impoundments and used locations with a higher percentage of annual moist soil vegetation than was available. We found a negative relationship with sora use and upland vegetation, woody vegetation and open water. We found sora using deeper water than have previously been reported for autumn migration, and that moist soil management techniques used on Missouri's intensively managed public wetland areas may be compatible with sora autumn migration stopover habitat requirements.

scholarly journals Virginia and Yellow Rail autumn migration ecology: synthesis using multiple data sets

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Auriel M. V. Fournier ◽  
Doreen C. Mengel ◽  
David G. Krementz
Keyword(s):  
Autumn Migration ◽  
Habitat Requirements ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Moist Soil ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Multiple Data ◽  
Perennial Vegetation ◽  
Multiple Data Sets ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Annual Plant Species

AbstractVirginia and Yellow Rails are among the least studied birds in North America, and there is a specific lack of information about their autumn migration ecology and migratory habitat use. We conducted nocturnal surveys across 11 public wetlands in Missouri, USA from 2012-2016, and compared the timing of autumn migration from our surveys with three opportunistic datasets: 1) eBird records, 2) building strikes, and 3) state ornithological records. The observed timing (start and end date and duration) of Virginia Rail autumn migration varied between the opportunistic data and our surveys. Virginia Rail opportunistic data were bimodal, while our surveys had a single peak the second week in October. Yellow Rail autumn migration through Missouri peaked earlier in our surveys than opportunistic datasets which peaked during the second week in October. Both rails were found in moist soil habitats, however Virginia Rails selected perennial vegetation more than was available, while Yellow Rails selected annual plant species. Both species showed no selection for water depth and used shallow flooded wetlands. Understanding the autumn migration period and habitat requirements will allow wetland managers to better manage lands for autumn migrating Virginia and Yellow Rails.

Feeding Habitats of Nesting Wading Birds: Spatial Use and Social Influences

The Auk ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 100 (4) ◽  
pp. 960-970 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Michael Erwin
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Use ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Habitat Patch ◽  
Wading Birds ◽  
Feeding Habitat ◽  
Snowy Egret ◽  
Colony Site ◽  
The One ◽  
Over Time

Abstract In an effort to relate social interactions to feeding-habitat use, I observed six species of wading birds near a major colony site in coastal North Carolina. Three spatial scales of habitat use were considered: the general orientation to and from the colony (coarsest level), the habitat "patch," and (at the finest level) the microhabitat. Departure-arrival directions of Great Egrets (Casmerodius albus), Snowy Egrets (Egretta thula), Cattle Egrets (Bubulcus ibis), Little Blue Herons (Egretta caerulea), Tricolored Herons (Egretta tricolor), and Glossy Ibises (Plegadis falcinellus) were monitored at the colony site to document coarse patterns of feeding-habitat use. Added to these data were observations made at five different wetland sites to monitor between-habitat and within-habitat patterns for the five aquatic-feeding species. The results indicated a broad and variable use of feeding habitat over time. At the coarsest scale (i.e. orientation at the colony), diffuse patterns, influenced little by either inter- or intraspecific social interaction, were found for all species. At the next level (habitat "patch"), only one of five wetland sites was relatively consistent in attracting feeding birds, and its use increased from May to June. Few groups were seen at four of the five sites. At the one "attractive" site, the within-habitat patterns again were spatially variable over time, except for those of the abundant Snowy Egret, whose microhabitat preference was fairly consistent. Glossy Ibises and Snowy Egrets frequently formed mixed-species groups, Little Blue Herons were the least social, and Great Egrets and Tricolored Herons generally occurred in groups of less than 10 birds but rarely in groups larger than 30. The close association between Snowy Egrets and Glossy Ibises appeared to be based on a "beater-follower" relationship, wherein the probing, nonvisually feeding ibises make prey more available to the followers. In the study area, local enhancement appeared to play a more important role than did any "information-sharing" at the colony.

PRELIMINARY OBSERVATIONS ON THE EFFECTS OF SOIL MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES ON HAZELNUT GROWING IN THE GORBEA AREA, IN THE SOUTH OF CHILE

2014 ◽  
pp. 225-230
Author(s):  
M. Ellena ◽  
P. Sandoval ◽  
A. Gonzalez ◽  
A. Montenegro ◽  
J. Jequier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Management ◽  
The South ◽  
Management Techniques

Habitat use by secretive marsh birds during spring and fall migration in moist-soil wetlands in Kansas

2018 ◽  
Vol 130 (2) ◽  
pp. 385-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric D. Wilson ◽  
William E. Jensen ◽  
Richard Schultheis
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Use ◽  
Moist Soil ◽  
Marsh Birds

Spatial distribution and habitat use of reed warblers Acrocephalus scirpaceus during the autumn migration

Behaviour ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 151 (6) ◽  
pp. 799-817 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miren Andueza ◽  
Juan Arizaga ◽  
Emilio Barba ◽  
Ibon Tamayo-Uria
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Habitat Use ◽  
Breeding Site ◽  
Autumn Migration ◽  
First Year ◽  
Home Ranges ◽  
Spatial Behaviour ◽  
Stopover Site ◽  
Stopover Sites ◽  
Acrocephalus Scirpaceus

Spatial behaviour and habitat selection at stopover sites have a strong influence on the foraging and fuelling performance of migrating birds and hence are important aspects of stopover ecology. The aim of this study was to analyse the spatial behaviour and habitat use of reed warblers Acrocephalus scirpaceus during the autumn migration. We used radio tracking data from reed warblers surveyed at a stopover site in northern Iberia and assigned to three different groups: (1) local adult birds which were still at their breeding site, (2) migrating first-year birds (originating from beyond Iberian peninsula) and (3) migrating adult birds. Overall, migrating first-year birds tended to have larger home ranges than both local and migrating adults and to move more widely in the study area. They also showed lower fat deposition rates than adults. The proportion of habitats in home ranges (reed-beds and tidal flats being the most abundant habitats) was similar amongst groups. The spatial distribution and habitat use of organisms have been theorised to follow an ideal-free or ideal-despotic distribution. However, according to our results, other complex underlying mechanisms may play an important role in shaping the spatial behaviour of birds at stopover sites.

Gut microbiome composition predicts summer core range size in two divergent ungulates

2021 ◽  
Vol 97 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesse F Wolf ◽  
Krystal D Kriss ◽  
Kara M MacAulay ◽  
Keith Munro ◽  
Brent R Patterson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Use ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Range Size ◽  
Feeding Strategies ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Home Ranges ◽  
Mountain Goats

ABSTRACT The gut microbiome of animals vary by age, diet, and habitat, and directly influences an individual's health. Similarly, variation in home ranges is linked to feeding strategies and fitness. Ungulates (hooved mammals) exhibit species-specific microbiomes and habitat use patterns. We combined gut microbiome and movement data to assess relationships between space use and the gut microbiome in a specialist and a generalist ungulate. We GPS radiocollared 24 mountain goats (Oreamnos americanus) and 34 white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus), collected fecal samples, and conducted high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. We generated gut diversity metrics and key bacterial ratios. Our research question centred around the idea that larger Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratios confer body size or fat advantages that allow for larger home ranges, and relationships of disproportionate habitat use are stronger in the habitat specialist mountain goat. Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratios were positively correlated with core range area in both species. Mountain goats exhibited a negative relationship between gut diversity and proportional use of treed areas and escape terrain, and no relationships were detected in the habitat generalist white-tailed deer. This is the first study to relate range size to the gut microbiome in wild ungulates and is an important proof of concept that advances the information that can be gleaned from non-invasive sampling.

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