scholarly journals Ceramsite production from sediment in Beian River: characterization and parameter optimization

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 190197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Jin ◽  
Songyu Huang ◽  
Qunhui Wang ◽  
Ming Gao ◽  
Hongzhi Ma
Keyword(s):  
Pollution Control ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Orthogonal Experiment ◽  
Metal Leaching ◽  
Firing Time ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Heavy Metal Leaching ◽  
Binder Ratio ◽  
Maximum Content

In order to realize pollution control and resource recovery, sediment from Beian River in Mudanjiang City China was used for ceramsite production. The maximum content of total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP) and organic matter (OM) in sediments of Beian River were 2975 mg kg −1 , 2947 mg kg −1 and 29.6%, respectively. So, it should be treated properly for resource utilization. The orthogonal experiment of L 16 (4 5 ) was adopted to determine the best conditions for ceramsite production and the result demonstrated that the sewage sludge ratio of 15%, binder ratio of 5%, pre-heating temperature of 450°C, sintering temperature of 1150°C and firing time of 23 min were the optimum conditions. The corresponding product met with the standard of CJ/T 299-2008 and the heavy metal leaching experiment showed it was lower than the threshold of China's industrial standard. Thus, it demonstrated that ceramsite production was a feasible way for utilization of sediment.

Synthesis and Electrochemical Properties of LiFePO4C by a Novel Carbothermal Reduction Technology

2011 ◽  
Vol 233-235 ◽  
pp. 1108-1118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang Xiang Tan ◽  
Li Li Meng ◽  
Fan Wang ◽  
Hai Feng Su ◽  
Yun Fei Long ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Discharge Capacity ◽  
Carbothermal Reduction ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Electrochemical Performances ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Capacity Retention ◽  
Sintering Time ◽  
Temperature Solution

LiFePO4/C composites were synthesized by a novel carbothermal reduction method based on the low-temperature solution reaction between LiNO3-Fe (NO3)3-NH4H2PO4-sucrose. The sucrose amount, sintering temperature, sintering time, and heating temperature for synthesis of LiFePO4/C cathode was optimized. The materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) and charge–discharge tests. The results showed that sintering temperature and sucrose amount have more significant effects on discharge capacity than drying temperature and sintering time. Optimum LiFePO4/C was prepared by sintering the precursor obtained by heating at 60 with a sucrose amount of 5.0g at 800.0 for 12 h. Being charged–discharged at 0.5C between 2.5 and 4.2 V, the LiFePO4/C synthesized at the optimum conditions shows good electrochemical performances with an initial discharge capacity of 138.7 mAh·g−1and a capacity retention ratio of 98.6% after 50 cycles.

Synthesis and Structural Characterization of a Novel Composite Modified Starch

2011 ◽  
Vol 396-398 ◽  
pp. 1180-1183
Author(s):  
He Ping Li ◽  
Hu Qiang Lv ◽  
Yao Zhang ◽  
Yong Zhe Yang
Keyword(s):  
Structural Characterization ◽  
Orthogonal Experiment ◽  
Acid Catalyst ◽  
Chloroacetic Acid ◽  
Normal Pressure ◽  
Modified Starch ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Mass Fractions

In the normal pressure and presence of catalyst, a novel composite modified starch or functional surfactant was synthesized by using the cassava starch as the main feedstock through the alkalization, etherification and oxidation etc.. The degree of substitution was up to 1.21. Based on the orthogonal experiment and computer-aid methods, the optimum conditions were resulted as follows: the mass fractions(vs. dry starch) of chloroacetic acid, catalyst and oxidant were 32%, 0.01% and 1.14% respectively, and the reaction temperature of etherification was at 50°C for 4.1h. The structural characterization of the composite modified starch was determined by IR and X-ray diffraction.

Controls on Metal Leaching from Secondary Pb Smelter Air-Pollution-Control Residues

2008 ◽  
Vol 42 (21) ◽  
pp. 7878-7884 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vojtěch Ettler ◽  
Ondřej Šebek ◽  
Tomáš Grygar ◽  
Mariana Klementová ◽  
Petr Bezdička ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Metal Leaching ◽  
Air Pollution Control ◽  
Air Pollution Control Residues

Influence of speciation distribution and particle size on heavy metal leaching from MSWI fly ash

2022 ◽  
Vol 138 ◽  
pp. 318-327
Author(s):  
Davide Bernasconi ◽  
Caterina Caviglia ◽  
Enrico Destefanis ◽  
Angelo Agostino ◽  
Renato Boero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Metal Leaching ◽  
Mswi Fly Ash ◽  
Heavy Metal Leaching

Effects of progressive carbonation on heavy metal leaching from cement-bound waste

AIChE Journal ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 826-837 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Van Gerven ◽  
G. Cornelis ◽  
E. Vandoren ◽  
C. Vandecasteele ◽  
A. C. Garrabrants ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Leaching ◽  
Heavy Metal Leaching

scholarly journals SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF PYROCATHECOL AND PYROGALLOL BASED ON THEIR REDOX REACTION WITH IRON(III)/PHENANTHROLINE SYSTEM

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mudasir Mudasir ◽  
Mugiyanti Mugiyanti ◽  
Ngatidjo Hadipranoto
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Redox Reaction ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Heating Time ◽  
Maximum Absorption ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Phenanthroline Complex ◽  
Maximum Absorption Wavelength ◽  
Absorption Wavelength

An analytical method for the spectrophotometric determination of some phenolic compounds, i.e.: pyrocathecol and pyrogallol based on their redox reaction with iron(III)-phenanthroline complex has been developed. These two compounds, in appropriate conditions, reduce iron(III)-phenanthroline complex to yield very stable and color-intense complex of iron(II)-phenanthroline, [Fe(phen)2]2+, whose concentration is equivalent to the amount of pyrocathecol or pyrogallol in the solution, and is easily detected by spectrophotometric method. Some parameters influencing the sensitivity of the determination were optimized. These included maximum absorption wavelength, pH of the solution, time and temperature of heatingand reagent to analyte minimum mole-ratio. Using the optimum conditions obtained, the analytical performance of the method was examined and the developed method was then applied to analyzed pyrocathecol and pyrogallol contents in several river water of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Result of the study showed that the optimum conditions for the determination of pyrocathecol are as follows: maximum absorption wavelength (lmax) at 510 nm, pH of the solution = 4, heating time = 120 min, heating temperature = 70 0C and the minimum mole ratio of reagent to analyte is 8. On the other hand, the optimum conditions for the determination of pyrogallol are as follows: maximum absorption wavelength (lmax) at 510 nm, pH of the solution = 5, heating time = 90 min, heating temperature = 90 0C and the minimum mole ratio of reagent to analyte is 7. At the corresponding conditions of analysis, calibration curves for pyrocathecol and pyrogallol are linear in the range concentration of 0.00 - 0.16 ppm and 0.00 - 0.24 ppm, respectively. The correlation coefficients for both compounds were found to be higher than 0.998 and the detection limits went down below 0.07 ppm. It has been demonstrated that the developed method can be applied for the determination of pyrocathecol and pyrogallol contents in natural samples.   Keywords: Spectrophotometry, phenolic compounds, 1,10-phenanthroline, redox reaction

scholarly journals Stabilization of High-Organic-Content Water Treatment Sludge by Pyrolysis

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ye-Eun Lee ◽  
I-Tae Kim ◽  
Yeong-Seok Yoo
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Algal Blooms ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Organic Content ◽  
Metal Leaching ◽  
Water Treatment Sludge ◽  
Heavy Metal Leaching ◽  
Inorganic Matter ◽  
High Organic Content

Water treatment sludge from algal blooms were analyzed and compared with general water treatment sludge as the pyrolysis temperature was varied from 300 °C to 900° C. Elemental analysis showed that the water treatment sludge in the eutrophication region has ~12% carbon content, higher than that (8.75%) of general water treatment sludge. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of both types of sludge showed that amorphous silica changed to quartz and weak crystalline structures like kaolinite or montmorillonite were decomposed and changed into stronger crystalline forms like albite. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) peaks of humic/fulvic acid that indicated the affinity to combine with heavy metals disappeared above 700 °C. Toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP), conducted to determine the heavy metal leaching amount of pyrolyzed water treatment sludge, showed the lowest value of 5.7 mg/kg at 500 °C when the humic acid was not decomposed. At 500 °C, the heavy metal leaching ratio to the heavy metal content of high organic content water treatment sludge and low organic content water treatment sludge were 1.87% and 3.19%, respectively, and the water treatment sludge of higher organic content was more stable. In other words, pyrolysis of water treatment sludge with high organic content at 500 °C increases the inorganic matter crystallinity and heavy metal leaching stability.

Treatment of Membrane Concentrated “Young” Landfill Leachate by Coagulation Sedimentation

2013 ◽  
Vol 634-638 ◽  
pp. 349-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng Yang An ◽  
Xiao Jun Xu
Keyword(s):  
Water Sample ◽  
Landfill Leachate ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Optimum Operation ◽  
Domestic Refuse

A self-made coagulant was applied in the treatment of some membrane concentrated reject of the “young” landfill leachate. The optimum operation diameters were determined by orthogonal and single factor experiments. Under the optimum conditions, the values of COD and ammonia nitrogen of water sample after treatment were 88 mg/L and 10.8 mg/L, respectively, which reached the standard in Pollution Control Standard of Domestic Refuse Landfill GB 16889-2008. Therefore, coagulation method can be applied in the treatment of membrane concentrated “young” landfill leachate to achieve standard discharge.

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