scholarly journals Managing the evolution of Bacillus thuringiensis resistance in natural populations of the European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis : host plant, host race and pherotype of adult males at aggregation sites

2004 ◽  
Vol 271 (1553) ◽  
pp. 2179-2185 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Bontemps ◽  
D. Bourguet ◽  
L. Pélozuelo ◽  
M. Bethenod ◽  
S. Ponsard
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Ostrinia Nubilalis ◽  
European Corn Borer ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Host Race ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Plant Host ◽  
Corn Borer

Dynamics of Nosema pyrausta in natural populations of the European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis: A six-year study

BioControl ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 627-642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie C. Lewis ◽  
Douglas V. Sumerford ◽  
Lori A. Bing ◽  
Robert D. Gunnarson
Keyword(s):  
Ostrinia Nubilalis ◽  
European Corn Borer ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Corn Borer

Survival of Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner) After Exposure to Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner Encapsulated in Flour Matrices2

1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 496-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael R. McGuire ◽  
Robert L. Gillespie ◽  
Baruch S. Shasha
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Ostrinia Nubilalis ◽  
European Corn Borer ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
The Other ◽  
Field Site ◽  
Corn Flour ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
Natural Infestation ◽  
Corn Plants

Two types of pregelatinized corn flour were used to produce granules containing Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner subsp. kurstaki and various additives for control of the European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner), in the whorl of corn plants. Laboratory-reared larvae were applied to corn whorls in the greenhouse and field, and a high natural infestation occurred at one field site (Champaign). In the greenhouse and at all three field sites, five of these formulations were just as effective as Dipel 10G, a commercially available B. thuringiensis product, for control of European corn borer larvae. In all greenhouse studies and at one of the three field sites (Champaign), the dose of B. thuringiensis could be reduced by as much as 75% when a phagostimulant was added to flour granules without significant loss of corn borer control. The phagostimulant dose response was not observed at the other two field sites in which larval infestations were relatively low. Flour type had no significant effect on European corn borer control under greenhouse and field conditions. Greenhouse evaluations provided results significantly similar to results from two of the field sites indicating the usefulness of the technique. The data presented highlight the versatility and potential for using novel formulation techniques for enhancing the efficacy of B. thuringiensis.

scholarly journals Differences in oviposition behaviour of two sympatric sibling species of the genus Ostrinia

2008 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Malausa ◽  
B. Pélissié ◽  
V. Piveteau ◽  
C. Pélissier ◽  
D. Bourguet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Assortative Mating ◽  
European Corn Borer ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Host Shift ◽  
Oviposition Behaviour ◽  
Host Preferences ◽  
Corn Borer

AbstractChanges in host preferences are thought to be a major source of genetic divergence between phytophagous insect taxa. In western Europe, two sympatric taxa, O. nubilalis (the European corn borer) and O. scapulalis, feed mainly on maize and hop or mugwort, respectively. These two species may have diverged without geographic isolation after a host shift of ancestral populations onto maize or another cultivated species (e.g. sorghum). A previous study using inbred laboratory strains revealed that the two species differ in their oviposition choices in maize-mugwort tests. We sampled four natural populations in France (two of each taxon) and tested their oviposition behaviour toward four of their main host plant species: maize, sorghum, mugwort and hop. O. nubilalis females showed a very high preference for laying their eggmasses on maize, whereas O. scapulalis females displayed a more balanced range of preferences. O. nubilalis females were attracted slightly to sorghum, suggesting that this plant is an accidental, rather than a regular and ancestral host plant of O. nubilalis. One important result arising from this study is the significant proportion of eggs laid by both Ostrinia species on hop. This may explain why some stands of hop are sometimes not only infested by O. scapulalis but also by O. nubilalis larvae, a situation preventing assortative mating based on microallopatry. Hence, further studies must be conducted to see whether the host preference in the genus Ostrinia might be linked to assortative mating by a mechanism that is not mediated by the host plant.

Effect of Bacillus thuringiensis Application Interval on European Corn Borer (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) Control in Sweet Corn

1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 374-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
David W. Bartels ◽  
William D. Hutchison ◽  
Vincent A. Fritz ◽  
George R. Klacan
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
European Corn Borer ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
First Instar ◽  
Additional Control ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Lepidoptera Pyralidae ◽  
Low Rate

Ground-applied treatments of two commercial Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki formulations (MVP and Dipel ES) and tank-mixes with a pyrethroid (Ambush 2E) were evaluated for control of European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner), larvae in sweet corn. Treatments were applied at average intervals of 3.4, 5, 7, and 10 days to determine field persistence. Manual infestations of first-instar O. nubilalis were used to augment natural populations. During both years, there were no significant interactions between application interval and treatment for all dependent variables tested, including late instars per ear, percent marketability, yield, and predator density. Regardless of application interval, MVP provided greater larval control than Dipel ES. However, the decline in efficacy of the encapsulated MVP formulation occurred at the same rate as that of the non-encapsulated Dipel ES formulation over the 3.4 to 10-d intervals. Tank-mixes of B. thuringiensis + low-rate permethrin provided no additional control compared with low-rate permethrin alone. Given the infestation levels present in this test, neither B. thuringiensis formulation provided control sufficient to maintain current processor standards of 5–10% infested ears at harvest.

Enhancement of Activity of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner Against Four Lepidopterous Insect Pests by Nutrient-Based Phagostimulants1

1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert R. Farrar ◽  
Richard L. Ridgway
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Ostrinia Nubilalis ◽  
Helicoverpa Zea ◽  
European Corn Borer ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Diamondback Moth ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Corn Earworm ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
Whole Plants

To help improve control of insect pests with microbial insecticides, we investigated the interactions of four commercial, nutrient-based phagostimulants (Pheast [AgriSense], Coax [CCT Corp.], Gusto [Atochem North America, Inc.], and Entice [Custom Chemicides] with Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner and four lepidopterous insect pests (gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar [L.] [Lymantriidae]; corn earworm, Helicoverpa zea [Boddie] [Noctuidae]; European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis [Hübner] [Pyralidae]; and diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella [L.] [Plutellidae]). Comparisons were made of treated foliage in Petri dishes in the laboratory and of sprayed whole plants in a greenhouse. In general, phagostimulants increased mortality of all species tested, but no consistent differences among phagostimulants were found for any species. Food consumption was generally lower on the treatments that contained phagostimulants causing the highest rates of mortality, possibly as a result of more rapid ingestion of a lethal dose on these treatments. Reduced rates of feeding by insects on treatments with B. thuringiensis alone were seen, probably due in part to intoxication and, possibly, to behavioral effects as well. Indications of potentially significant interactions between host plants and both B. thuringiensis and phagostimulants also were seen.

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