scholarly journals Sexual dimorphism in a top predator ( Notophthalmus viridescens ) drives aquatic prey community assembly

2018 ◽  
Vol 285 (1890) ◽  
pp. 20181717 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denon Start ◽  
Stephen De Lisle
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Intraspecific Variation ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Sexually Dimorphic ◽  
Ecological Communities ◽  
Top Predator ◽  
Aquatic Mesocosms ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Impact

Intraspecific variation can have important consequences for the structure and function of ecological communities, and serves to link community ecology to evolutionary processes. Differences between the sexes are an overwhelmingly common form of intraspecific variation, but its community-level consequences have never been experimentally investigated. Here, we manipulate the sex ratio of a sexually dimorphic predacious newt in aquatic mesocosms, then track their impact on prey communities. Female and male newts preferentially forage in the benthic and pelagic zones, respectively, causing corresponding reductions in prey abundances in those habitats. Sex ratio differences also explained a large proportion (33%) of differences in the composition of entire pond communities. Ultimately, we demonstrate the impact of known patterns of sexual dimorphism in a predator on its prey, uncovering overlooked links between evolutionary adaptation and the structure of contemporary communities. Given the extreme prevalence of sexual dimorphism, we argue that the independent evolution of the sexes will often have important consequences for ecological communities.

Consequences of intraspecific variation for the structure and function of ecological communities Part 2: Linking diversity and function

2007 ◽  
Vol 207 (2-4) ◽  
pp. 277-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizaveta Pachepsky ◽  
James L. Bown ◽  
Alistair Eberst ◽  
Ursula Bausenwein ◽  
Peter Millard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intraspecific Variation ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Ecological Communities ◽  
And Function

Consequences of intraspecific variation for the structure and function of ecological communities

2007 ◽  
Vol 207 (2-4) ◽  
pp. 264-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
James L. Bown ◽  
Elizaveta Pachepsky ◽  
Alistair Eberst ◽  
Ursula Bausenwein ◽  
Peter Millard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intraspecific Variation ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Ecological Communities ◽  
And Function

The Laryngeal Epithelium in Reflux

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 112-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Erickson-Levendoski ◽  
Mahalakshmi Sivasankar
Keyword(s):  
Laryngopharyngeal Reflux ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Laryngeal Disease ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Impact

The epithelium plays a critical role in the maintenance of laryngeal health. This is evident in that laryngeal disease may result when the integrity of the epithelium is compromised by insults such as laryngopharyngeal reflux. In this article, we will review the structure and function of the laryngeal epithelium and summarize the impact of laryngopharyngeal reflux on the epithelium. Research investigating the ramifications of reflux on the epithelium has improved our understanding of laryngeal disease associated with laryngopharyngeal reflux. It further highlights the need for continued research on the laryngeal epithelium in health and disease.

Assessment of the impact of nanoparticles on the activity of biomimetic membrane

2021 ◽  
Vol XXXVII (1) ◽  
pp. 89-100
Author(s):  
Dorota Kondej
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Biological Membranes ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Lipid Monolayer ◽  
Biomimetic Membranes ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
Biomimetic Membrane ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Impact

This paper presents basic information on a structure and function of biological membranes. Types of biomimetic membranes modelling properties of biological membranes were introduced. The method of testing surface properties of a lipid monolayer, which is the basic type of biomimetic membranes, was described. The presented method makes it possible to evaluate the effect of nanoparticles on the surface activity of biomimetic membranes based on the determination of the surface index MA. This article discusses the problems of occupational safety and health, which are covered by health sciences and environmental engineering.

scholarly journals Estrogen-related Receptor β (ERRβ) – Renaissance Receptor or Receptor Renaissance?

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. nrs.14002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shailaja D. Divekar ◽  
Deanna M. Tiek ◽  
Aileen Fernandez ◽  
Rebecca B. Riggins
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Splicing ◽  
Nuclear Receptor ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
The Other ◽  
Orphan Nuclear Receptor ◽  
Nuclear Receptor Superfamily ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Estrogen Related Receptor

Estrogen-related receptors (ERRs) are founding members of the orphan nuclear receptor (ONR) subgroup of the nuclear receptor superfamily. Twenty-seven years of study have yet to identify cognate ligands for the ERRs, though they have firmly placed ERRα (ESRRA) and ERRγ (ESRRG) at the intersection of cellular metabolism and oncogenesis. The pace of discovery for novel functions of ERRβ (ESRRB), however, has until recently been somewhat slower than that of its family members. ERRβ has also been largely ignored in summaries and perspectives of the ONR literature. Here, we provide an overview of established and emerging knowledge of ERRβ in mouse, man, and other species, highlighting unique aspects of ERRβ biology that set it apart from the other two estrogen-related receptors, with a focus on the impact of alternative splicing on the structure and function of this receptor.

Dust Control in Brick and Tile Production Enterprises

2013 ◽  
Vol 448-453 ◽  
pp. 529-531
Author(s):  
Jing Bo Zhao ◽  
Li Bo Hao
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Dust Control ◽  
Environment Protection ◽  
Tile Production ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Brick And Tile ◽  
Equipment Wear ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Impact

Analysis of the causes of dust brick and tile production enterprises, from the impact on human health, the factory machinery and equipment wear, impact on environment protection, expounds the harmfulness of dust, and discusses the type, structure and function of the filter, as well as the precipitator combined use method and way to control dust.

Restoration of pollination interactions in communities invaded by non-native plants.

2020 ◽  
pp. 377-390
Author(s):  
Christopher N. Kaiser-Bunbury ◽  
◽  
Benno I. Simmons ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Restoration Ecology ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Ecosystem Processes ◽  
Community Level ◽  
Ecological Communities ◽  
Management Interventions ◽  
And Function ◽  
Network Metrics ◽  
The Impact

Invasive plant species degrade and homogenize ecosystems worldwide, thereby altering ecosystem processes and function. To mitigate and reverse the impact of invasive plants on pollination, a key ecosystem function, conservation scientists and practitioners restore ecological communities and study the impact of such management interventions on plant-pollinator communities. Here, we describe opportunities and challenges associated with restoring pollination interactions as part of a holistic ecosystem-based restoration approach. We introduce a few general concepts in restoration ecology, and outline best planning and evaluation practices of restoring pollination interactions on the community level. Planning involves the selection of suitable plant species to support diverse pollinator communities, which includes considerations of the benefits and disadvantages of using native vs exotic, and bridge and framework plant species for restoration. We emphasize the central role of scientific- and community-level approaches for the planning phase of pollination restoration. For evaluation purposes, we argue that appropriate network indicators have the advantage of detecting changes in species behaviour with consequences for ecosystem processes and functions before these changes show up in altered species communities. Suitable network metrics may include interaction diversity and evenness, and network measures that describe the distribution of species, such as network and species-level specialization, modularity and motifs. Finally, we discuss the usefulness of the network approach in evaluating the benefits of restoration interventions for pollination interactions, and propose that applied network ecologists take a central role in transferring theory into practice.

scholarly journals Susceptibility of protein therapeutics to spontaneous chemical modifications by oxidation, cyclization, and elimination reactions

Amino Acids ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (10-12) ◽  
pp. 1409-1431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luigi Grassi ◽  
Chiara Cabrele
Keyword(s):  
Small Molecules ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Drug Market ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Chemical Modifications ◽  
Small Molecule Drugs ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Peptides and proteins are preponderantly emerging in the drug market, as shown by the increasing number of biopharmaceutics already approved or under development. Biomolecules like recombinant monoclonal antibodies have high therapeutic efficacy and offer a valuable alternative to small-molecule drugs. However, due to their complex three-dimensional structure and the presence of many functional groups, the occurrence of spontaneous conformational and chemical changes is much higher for peptides and proteins than for small molecules. The characterization of biotherapeutics with modern and sophisticated analytical methods has revealed the presence of contaminants that mainly arise from oxidation- and elimination-prone amino-acid side chains. This review focuses on protein chemical modifications that may take place during storage due to (1) oxidation (methionine, cysteine, histidine, tyrosine, tryptophan, and phenylalanine), (2) intra- and inter-residue cyclization (aspartic and glutamic acid, asparagine, glutamine, N-terminal dipeptidyl motifs), and (3) β-elimination (serine, threonine, cysteine, cystine) reactions. It also includes some examples of the impact of such modifications on protein structure and function.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document