Letter from Captain Basil Hall, R. N. to captain Kater, communicating the detail of experiments made by him and Mr. Henry Foster, with an invariable pendulum, in London; at the galapagos islands in the pacific oceans, near the equator; at san blas de California on the N. W. Coast of Mexico; and at Rio de janerio in Brazil. With an appendix, containing the second series of experiments in London, on the return

1833 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 193-195
Keyword(s):  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Galapagos Islands ◽  
Galápagos Islands ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Satisfactory Manner

Captain Hall stated that the ship which he commanded had been constantly employed on a particular description of service, having no reference to such inquiries, but which occupied nearly all his time. The only stations, accordingly, at which the pendulum was swung in a satisfactory manner, were, 1st, the Galapagos Islands in the Pacific, lying 32§ miles N. of the Equator; 2ndly, St. Bias, on the N.W. shore of Mexico, in lat. 21-§° N., and not far from California; and, lastly, Rio de Janeiro, the capital of Brazil, in lat. 22°-55' S

XX. Letter from Captain Basil Hall, R. N. to Captain Kater, communicating the details of experiments made by him and Mr. Henry Foster, with an invariable pendulum; in London; at the Galapagos Islands in the Pacific Ocean, near the Equator; at San Blas de California on the N. W. Coast of Mexico; and at Rio de Janeiro in Brazil. With an appendix, containing the second series of experiments in London, on the return

1823 ◽  
Vol 113 ◽  
pp. 211-285 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Thomas Hardy ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Galápagos Islands ◽  
Useful Knowledge ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Pacific Ocean ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Commander In Chief

My Dear Sir, I herewith transmit the details of the experiments which have been made with the invariable pendulum, placed in my hands by the Board of Longitude, at your suggestion. It is matter of regret to me, that I should have visited so many remote places, with such means in my hands, and have so few results to produce. The fact however is, that the ser­vice upon which I was sent had no connection with scientific research, and that it was only at casual intervals of active professional employment, that I had any leisure for enquiries of this nature. These occasional opportunies I owe to the generous indulgence of Sir Thomas Hardy, the Commander in Chief, to whose assistance, also, and encouragement in every pursuit having useful knowledge for its object, I stand essentially indebted.

scholarly journals Die Polychaeten der Amsterdam-Expedition nach der Insel Ascension (Zentral-Atlantik)

1992 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 219-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gesa Hartmann-Schröder
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Persian Gulf ◽  
West Indies ◽  
Galapagos Islands ◽  
Species Level ◽  
South Shetland Islands ◽  
Galápagos Islands ◽  
Shetland Islands ◽  
Ascension Island ◽  
The Pacific

During the Amsterdam Expedition to Ascension Island in 1989 eighteen species of polychaetes were collected, fifteen of which were already known to science. One could not be identified to species level and two were new to science: Aricidea (Aedicira) ascensionensis n. sp. and Notodasus arenicola n. sp. Four of the known species are widely distributed, three are circumtropicalsubtropical and one has a tropical-subtropical distribution in the Pacific and in the Atlantic Ocean. Another species is recorded from different regions in the Atlantic Ocean. The rest of the species were –.until now –.only known from their type localities, viz. West Indies, Angola, Persian Gulf, Galapagos Islands, and South Shetland Islands.

scholarly journals Genetic variation of Aedes aegypti populations from Ecuador

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Varsovia Cevallos ◽  
Denisse Benítez ◽  
Josefina Coloma ◽  
Andrés Carrazco ◽  
Chunling Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Amazon Basin ◽  
Balancing Selection ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
Galapagos Islands ◽  
Galápagos Islands ◽  
Data Set ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
West And Central Africa

AbstractThis is the first genetic analysis in Ecuador of Aedes aegypti using fragments of mitochondrial genes, NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4 (ND4) and cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI). A total of 154 mosquitoes from 23 localities were collected in the Pacific coastal lowlands, Amazon basin lowlands, and the Galápagos Islands from 2012 to 2019. The analysis of fragments of the genes COI (672 bp) and ND4 (262 bp) and concatenated analysis of both COI and ND4 showed two haplotypes (H1, H2) present in Ecuador mainland and the Galápagos Islands. The phylogenetic analysis identified two well-supported clades. Combined analysis of both genes from ten localities also resulted in two haplotypes. Nucleotide diversity, neutrality tests (Tajima’s test D, Fu and Li’s F*and D*) and AMOVA analysis of the entire data set suggest balancing selection for both genes. The results indicate genetic variation without geographical restriction. COI-H1 grouped with sequences from the Americas, West and Central Africa, East Africa, Asia, and Australia. ND4-H1 grouped with similar sequences from the Americas, Asia and West Africa. COI-H2 grouped with sequences from Asia and the Americas. ND4-H2 grouped with sequences from the Americas. We report overlapping peaks in four sequences that suggest heteroplasmy in the individuals. The origin of the populations of Aedes aegypti in Ecuador show African genetic origin and are widely present in several countries in the Americas. One of the genetic variants is more common in all the localities and the two haplotypes are distributed indistinctly in the three geographical sampled areas in Ecuador.

scholarly journals Variability of Monthly Radiocarbon During the 1760S in Corals from the Galapagos Islands

Radiocarbon ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 627-631 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen R M Druffel ◽  
Sheila Griffin ◽  
Jeomshik Hwang ◽  
Tomoko Komada ◽  
Steven R Beaupre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Spectral Analysis ◽  
Galapagos Islands ◽  
University Of California ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Galápagos Islands ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Pacific Ocean ◽  
C Value ◽  
The University

Radiocarbon (Δ14C) measurements of monthly samples from a Galapagos surface coral are among the first data sets from the new Keck Carbon Cycle Accelerator Mass Spectrometry laboratory at the University of California, Irvine. An average Δ14C value of −62 is obtained for 144 measurements of samples from monthly coral bands that lived from about AD 1760–1771 (±6 yr). High Δ14C values were found during January through March, when upwelling was weak or absent at the Galapagos Islands. Low Δ14C values were obtained mid-year during strong upwelling. The average seasonal variability of Δ14C was 15–25, which is greater than that at other tropical and subtropical locations in the Pacific Ocean because of intense seasonal upwelling at this site. Periods of sustained high Δ14C values were found during 1762–1763 and 1766. A spectral analysis revealed that the spectral density for the Δ14C data displays most of its variance at the 5-yr cycle, which is reflective of El Niño periodicity during the 20th century.

Littoral Maeridae and Melitidae (Amphipoda: Gammaridea) from the Gulf of Tehuantepec, Mexico

Zootaxa ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2623 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARÍA DEL SOCORRO GARCÍA-MADRIGAL
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Gulf Of California ◽  
New Records ◽  
Galapagos Islands ◽  
Eastern Pacific ◽  
Galápagos Islands ◽  
Tropical Eastern Pacific ◽  
The North ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Gulf Of Tehuantepec

In the Tropical Eastern Pacific region, the gammaridean amphipods of the families Maeridae and Melitidae are represented by 28 species and 11 genera; the genus Elasmopus is the richest, with 13 species. The examination of approximately 3,250 specimens resulted in 12 new records from the Gulf of Tehuantepec, belonging to four genera, Elasmopus, Maera, Quadrimaera and Melita. All species are illustrated and described. Seven new species are described as: Elasmopus bastidai n. sp., Elasmopus karlae n. sp., Elasmopus lecroyae n. sp., Elasmopus marcelae n. sp., Elasmopus oaxaquensis n. sp., Maera umarae n. sp., and Melita bousfieldi n. sp. With these new species the genus Elasmopus from the Tropical Eastern Pacific is increased to 18 species that corroborates the hypothesis of Barnard (1979) “on the Pacific there are (sic) a mark of speciation of genus Elasmopus”. In addition, there are five new records from the Gulf of Tehuantepec: three species of Elasmopus and two of Quadrimaera. Also, the range distribution of Elasmopus temori Barnard and E. zoanthidea Barnard, is increased to the north from the Galapagos Islands to the Gulf of Tehuantepec; for E. tubar Barnard, Quadrimaera chinarra Barnard, and Q. reishi Barnard, there are new intermediate records between the Gulf of California and the Galapagos Islands. With the exception of the species of Quadrimaera, all known species represent the second record in the region after their first descriptions.

scholarly journals The occurrence of Callinectes arcuatus ordway, 1863 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Portunidae) in Bahia, Brazil

1987 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-62
Author(s):  
Edilson Pires de Gouvêa
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Galapagos Islands ◽  
Brazilian Coast ◽  
Galápagos Islands ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
First Occurrence ◽  
The Pacific Ocean

During the study of the Carcinofauna of the Bahian Coast, some Brachyura Portunidae were found. Some of these animals were Callinectes arcuatus Ordway, 1863 which has its distribution restricted to the Pacific Ocean, from California to Peru and the Galapagos Islands. This is the first occurrence of this species reported from the Atlantic Ocean and the Brazilian Coast (Bahia, 38º50'Wand 12º50'S).

scholarly journals Oceanic islands and climate: using a multi-criteria model of drivers of change to select key conservation areas in Galapagos

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Escobar-Camacho ◽  
Paulina Rosero ◽  
Mauricio Castrejón ◽  
Carlos F. Mena ◽  
Francisco Cuesta
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Environmental Change ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Marine Reserve ◽  
Galapagos Islands ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Galápagos Islands ◽  
Drivers Of Change

AbstractThe unique marine and terrestrial ecosystems of the Galapagos Islands are highly vulnerable to human-based drivers of change, including the introduction of invasive species, unsustainable tourism, illegal fishing, overexploitation of ecosystem services, and climate change. These drivers can interact with climate-based drivers such as El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) at multiple temporal and spatial scales, exacerbating their negative impacts on already fragile ecosystems and the socioeconomic system of the Archipelago. In this review, we performed a literature review based on published literature from 1945 to 2020 and local and global climate databases to analyze drivers of change in the Galapagos. We developed and applied a spatial impact assessment model to identify high-ecological value areas with high sensitivity and exposure scores to environmental change drivers. We identified 13 priority HEVA that encompass ca. 23% (14,715 km2) of the Galapagos Archipelago, distributed in nearly 3% of the Galapagos Marine Reserve and 20% Galapagos National Park. Current and future impacts are likely to concentrate on the inhabited islands’ highlands, whereas marine impacts concentrate along most of the Galapagos Islands’ shorelines. These results are important for guiding the design and implementation of adaptation measures aimed at increasing ecosystem resilience and human adaptive capacity in the face of global environmental change. Overall, these results will be valuable in their application for preserving Galapagos biota, securing the provision of vital ecosystem services for resident human populations, and sustaining the nature-based tourism industry.

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