Variability, interaction and change in the atmosphere–ocean–ecology system of the Western Indian Ocean

2005 ◽  
Vol 363 (1826) ◽  
pp. 3-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Spencer ◽  
A. S. Laughton ◽  
N. C. Flemming
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Time Scales ◽  
Climatic Variability ◽  
Western Indian Ocean ◽  
Ocean Dynamics ◽  
Seafloor Topography ◽  
Observation Systems ◽  
Complex Picture ◽  
Monsoon Winds ◽  
Mean Cycle

Traditional ideas of intraseasonal and interannual climatic variability in the Western Indian Ocean, dominated by the mean cycle of seasonally reversing monsoon winds, are being replaced by a more complex picture, comprising air–sea interactions and feedbacks; atmosphere–ocean dynamics operating over intrannual to interdecadal time–scales; and climatological and oceanographic boundary condition changes at centennial to millennial time–scales. These forcings, which are mediated by the orography of East Africa and the Asian continent and by seafloor topography (most notably in this area by the banks and shoals of the Mascarene Plateau which interrupts the westward–flowing South Equatorial Current), determine fluxes of water, nutrients and biogeochemical constituents, the essential controls on ocean and shallow–sea productivity and ecosystem health. Better prediction of climatic variability for rain–fed agriculture, and the development of sustainable marine resource use, is of critical importance to the developing countries of this region but requires further basic information gathering and coordinated ocean observation systems.

scholarly journals Atmosphere–ocean dynamics in the Western Indian Ocean recorded in corals

2005 ◽  
Vol 363 (1826) ◽  
pp. 121-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Zinke ◽  
M. Pfeiffer ◽  
O. Timm ◽  
W.–C. Dullo ◽  
G. R. Davies
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Time Scales ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Western Indian Ocean ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Ocean Dynamics ◽  
Climate Factors ◽  
Climate Modes

We present a set of Porites coral oxygen isotope records from the tropical and subtropical Western Indian Ocean covering the past 120–336 years. All records were thoroughly validated for proxy response to regional climate factors and their relation to large–scale climate modes. The records show markedly different imprints of regional climate factors. At the same time, all coral records show clear teleconnections between the Western Indian Ocean and the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO). The multi–proxy site analysis enables the detection of the covariance structure between individual records and climate modes such as ENSO. This method unravels shifts in ENSO teleconnectivity of the Western and Central Indian Ocean on multi–decadal time–scales (after 1976). The Seychelles record shows a stationary correlation with ENSO, Chagos corals show evidence for non–stationary d 18 O/ENSO relationships and the Southwestern Indian Ocean corals show a strong relationship with ENSO when the forcing is strong (1880–1920, 1970 to present). Our results indicate that the coral δ 18 O, in combination with other proxies, can be used to monitor temporal and spatial variations in the sea–surface temperature and the fresh water balance within the Indian Ocean on interannual to interdecadal time–scales.

scholarly journals Internal Variability of Indian Ocean SST

2005 ◽  
Vol 18 (18) ◽  
pp. 3726-3738 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Jochum ◽  
Raghu Murtugudde
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Interannual Variability ◽  
Indian Monsoon ◽  
Tropical Indian Ocean ◽  
Western Indian Ocean ◽  
Internal Variability ◽  
Ocean Dynamics ◽  
Persistence Time ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
Sst Anomalies

Abstract A 40-yr integration of an eddy-resolving numerical model of the tropical Indian Ocean is analyzed to quantify the interannual variability that is caused by the internal variability of ocean dynamics. It is found that along the equator in the western Indian Ocean internal variability contributes significantly to the observed interannual variability. This suggests that in this location the predictability of SST is limited to the persistence time of SST anomalies, which is approximately 100 days. Furthermore, a comparison with other sources of variability suggests that internal variability may play an important role in modifying the Indian monsoon or preconditioning the Indian Ocean dipole/zonal mode.

scholarly journals Best Practices for Increasing Data Return: Case Study From Indian Ocean Observation Network

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 30-42
Author(s):  
Ramasamy Venkatesan ◽  
Manickavasagam Arul Muthiah ◽  
Gopalakrishnan Vengatesan ◽  
Balakrishnan Kesavakumar ◽  
Narayanaswamy Vedachalam
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Weather Prediction ◽  
Ocean Dynamics ◽  
Observation Network ◽  
Observation Systems ◽  
Restoration Techniques ◽  
Rapid Restoration ◽  
Cyclone Tracking ◽  
The Indian Ocean

AbstractSustained real-time ocean observation systems using moored data buoys are vital for understanding ocean dynamics and variability, which are essential for improving oceanographic services including weather prediction, ocean state forecast, cyclone tracking, tsunami monitoring, and climate change studies. This paper describes the significant rapid restoration techniques implemented to increase the availability of the Indian Ocean observation networks over the past two decades. The efforts have helped in achieving availability of 97.9%, 82.3%, and 98.7% for the meteorological sensors, subsea surface oceanographic sensors, and tsunami buoy network, respectively.

Seafloor topography and tectonic elements of the Western Indian Ocean

2005 ◽  
Vol 363 (1826) ◽  
pp. 15-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsay M. Parson ◽  
Alan J. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Plate Boundary ◽  
Western Indian Ocean ◽  
Ocean Basin ◽  
Seafloor Topography ◽  
Sedimentary Sequences ◽  
Mid Ocean Ridge ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
Ocean Ridge

The break–up of Gondwanaland and dispersal of several of its component continental fragments, which eventually formed the margins of the Indian Ocean, have produced an ocean basin of enormous variety, both in relief and in origin of seafloor features. The western half of the Indian Ocean alone contains every type of tectonic plate boundary, both active and fossil, and, along with some of the deepest fracture zones, the most complex mid–ocean ridge configurations and some of the thickest sedimentary sequences in the world's ocean basins. This ocean is one of the most diverse on the face of the globe. We explore the evolution of the morphology of the Indian Ocean floor, and discuss the effect of its variations, maxima and minima, on the interconnectivity of the ocean's water masses.

Editorial Introduction

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Editors of the JIOWS
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Western Indian Ocean ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Fourth Volume ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
Complex Relationships ◽  
Indian Ocean World ◽  
Shed Light

The editors are proud to present the first issue of the fourth volume of the Journal of Indian Ocean World Studies. This issue contains three articles, by James Francis Warren (Murdoch University), Kelsey McFaul (University of California, Santa Cruz), and Marek Pawelczak (University of Warsaw), respectively. Warren’s and McFaul’s articles take different approaches to the growing body of work that discusses pirates in the Indian Ocean World, past and present. Warren’s article is historical, exploring the life and times of Julano Taupan in the nineteenth-century Philippines. He invites us to question the meaning of the word ‘pirate’ and the several ways in which Taupan’s life has been interpreted by different European colonists and by anti-colonial movements from the mid-nineteenth century to the present day. McFaul’s article, meanwhile, takes a literary approach to discuss the much more recent phenomenon of Somali Piracy, which reached its apex in the last decade. Its contribution is to analyse the works of authors based in the region, challenging paradigms that have mostly been developed from analysis of works written in the West. Finally, Pawelczak’s article is a legal history of British jurisdiction in mid-late nineteenth-century Zanzibar. It examines one of the facets that underpinned European influence in the western Indian Ocean World before the establishment of colonial rule. In sum, this issue uses two key threads to shed light on the complex relationships between European and other Western powers and the Indian Ocean World.

scholarly journals Factors influencing microbial mat composition, distribution and dinitrogen fixation in three western Indian Ocean coral reefs

2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loïc Charpy ◽  
Katarzyna A. Palinska ◽  
Raeid M. M. Abed ◽  
Marie José Langlade ◽  
Stjepko Golubic
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Western Indian Ocean ◽  
Dinitrogen Fixation ◽  
Microbial Mat ◽  
Composition Distribution ◽  
Factors Influencing

scholarly journals Movement ecology of black marlin Istiompax indica in the Western Indian Ocean

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph A. Rohner ◽  
Roy Bealey ◽  
Bernerd M. Fulanda ◽  
Jason D. Everett ◽  
Anthony J. Richardson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Movement Ecology ◽  
Western Indian Ocean

scholarly journals Post-bleaching mortality of a remote coral reef community in Seychelles, Western Indian Ocean

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Elena Gadoutsis ◽  
Clare A.K. Daly ◽  
Julie P. Hawkins ◽  
Ryan Daly
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Western Indian Ocean ◽  
Coral Reef Community ◽  
Reef Community

scholarly journals Variability in the Mozambique Channel Trough and Impacts on Southeast African Rainfall

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 749-765 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rondrotiana Barimalala ◽  
Ross C. Blamey ◽  
Fabien Desbiolles ◽  
Chris J. C. Reason
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Austral Summer ◽  
Western Indian Ocean ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Ocean Basin ◽  
Moist Convection ◽  
South Indian Ocean ◽  
Mozambique Channel ◽  
Mascarene High ◽  
South Indian

AbstractThe Mozambique Channel trough (MCT) is a cyclonic region prominent in austral summer in the central and southern Mozambique Channel. It first becomes evident in December with a peak in strength in February when the Mozambique Channel is warmest and the Mascarene high (MH) is located farthest southeast in the Indian Ocean basin. The strength and the timing of the mean MCT are linked to that of the cross-equatorial northeasterly monsoon in the tropical western Indian Ocean, which curves as northwesterlies toward northern Madagascar. The interannual variability in the MCT is associated with moist convection over the Mozambique Channel and is modulated by the location of the warm sea surface temperatures in the south Indian Ocean. Variability of the MCT shows a strong relationship with the equatorial westerlies north of Madagascar and the latitudinal extension of the MH. Summers with strong MCT activity are characterized by a prominent cyclonic circulation over the Mozambique Channel, extending to the midlatitudes. These are favorable for the development of tropical–extratropical cloud bands over the southwestern Indian Ocean and trigger an increase in rainfall over the ocean but a decrease over the southern African mainland. Most years with a weak MCT are associated with strong positive south Indian Ocean subtropical dipole events, during which the subcontinent tends to receive more rainfall whereas Madagascar and northern Mozambique are anomalously dry.

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