scholarly journals Quantum fermions from classical bits

2021 ◽  
Vol 380 (2216) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christof Wetterich
Keyword(s):  
Particle Physics ◽  
Quantum Physics ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Probabilistic Information ◽  
Occupation Numbers ◽  
Classical Statistics ◽  
Time Quantum ◽  
Probabilistic Character ◽  
Classical Computing ◽  
Ising Spins

A simple probabilistic cellular automaton is shown to be equivalent to a relativistic fermionic quantum field theory with interactions. Occupation numbers for fermions are classical bits or Ising spins. The automaton acts deterministically on bit configurations. The genuinely probabilistic character of quantum physics is realized by probabilistic initial conditions. In turn, the probabilistic automaton is equivalent to the classical statistical system of a generalized Ising model. For a description of the probabilistic information at any given time quantum concepts as wave functions and non-commuting operators for observables emerge naturally. Quantum mechanics can be understood as a particular case of classical statistics. This offers prospects to realize aspects of quantum computing in the form of probabilistic classical computing. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Quantum technologies in particle physics’.

CONSCIOUSNESS AND TIME. IS SUBJECTIVE TIME OBJECTIVE?

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-188
Author(s):  
G.S. Prygin
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Physics ◽  
Psychological Aspect ◽  
Subjective Time ◽  
Human Sciences ◽  
The Unconscious ◽  
Time Consciousness ◽  
The Past ◽  
Equilibrium Processes ◽  
Time Quantum ◽  
Temporal Modes

We study the problems of time consciousness from the standpoint of philosophy, physics and psychology; it is argued that such a sequence in the analysis of the problem allows us to reveal the actual psychological aspect of the problem of the objectivity of the consciousness of time, which is the goal of the study. Both the philosophical concepts of the time consciousness of I. Kant, E. Husserl and F. Brentano, and the physical theories of the study of time (quantum physics, cosmology, the physics of non-equilibrium processes) are analyzed. It has been established that in philosophical theories, the concepts: consciousness, memory, perception, representation, and others do not have clear definitions and can change their meaning depending on the context. It is emphasized that in physical and human sciences time is investigated, as a rule, in connection with the concept of “space”. It is shown that when analyzing the problem of the consciousness of time, one should first decide on the concept of “reality”, which allows us to remove contradictions in the understanding of time in various physical theories. It is concluded that the existence of both objective and subjective time can only be spoken when we operate with concepts; outside of this the concept of “time” has meaning only when a person is considered as part of society. It is shown that in relation to the collective and personal unconscious, the temporal modes of the "past", "present" and "future" do not make sense, since "the whole diversity of everything" is represented in the unconscious field simultaneously and extra-spatially.

Gauge Field Theory in Natural Geometric Language

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Canarutto
Keyword(s):  
Particle Physics ◽  
Quantum Physics ◽  
Brst Symmetry ◽  
Natural Extension ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Arbitrary Spin ◽  
Field Theories ◽  
Quantum Field Theories ◽  
Standard View ◽  
Spinor Bundle

This monograph addresses the need to clarify basic mathematical concepts at the crossroad between gravitation and quantum physics. Selected mathematical and theoretical topics are exposed within a not-too-short, integrated approach that exploits standard and non-standard notions in natural geometric language. The role of structure groups can be regarded as secondary even in the treatment of the gauge fields themselves. Two-spinors yield a partly original ‘minimal geometric data’ approach to Einstein-Cartan-Maxwell-Dirac fields. The gravitational field is jointly represented by a spinor connection and by a soldering form (a ‘tetrad’) valued in a vector bundle naturally constructed from the assumed 2-spinor bundle. We give a presentation of electroweak theory that dispenses with group-related notions, and we introduce a non-standard, natural extension of it. Also within the 2-spinor approach we present: a non-standard view of gauge freedom; a first-order Lagrangian theory of fields with arbitrary spin; an original treatment of Lie derivatives of spinors and spinor connections. Furthermore we introduce an original formulation of Lagrangian field theories based on covariant differentials, which works in the classical and quantum field theories alike and simplifies calculations. We offer a precise mathematical approach to quantum bundles and quantum fields, including ghosts, BRST symmetry and anti-fields, treating the geometry of quantum bundles and their jet prolongations in terms Frölicher's notion of smoothness. We propose an approach to quantum particle physics based on the notion of detector, and illustrate the basic scattering computations in that context.

Scattering in Classical and Quantum Physics

2021 ◽  
pp. 35-50
Author(s):  
J. Iliopoulos ◽  
T.N. Tomaras
Keyword(s):  
Particle Physics ◽  
Quantum Physics ◽  
Relativistic Quantum ◽  
Resonant Scattering ◽  
Potential Scattering ◽  
Optical Theorem ◽  
Low Energies ◽  
Scattering Lengths ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Relativistic Potential

Scattering experiments provide the main source of information on the properties of elementary particles. Here we present the theory of scattering in both classical and non-relativistic quantum physics. We introduce the basic notions of cross section and of range and strength of interactions. We work out some illustrative examples. The concept of resonant scattering, central to almost all applications in particle physics, is explained in the simple case of potential scattering, where we derive the Breit–Wigner formula. This framework of non-relativistic potential scattering turns out to be very convenient for introducing several other important concepts and results, such as the optical theorem, the partial wave amplitudes and the corresponding phase shifts and scattering lengths. The special cases of scattering at low energies, and that in the Born approximation, are studied. We also offer a first glance at the problem of the infrared divergences for the case of Coulomb scattering.

On the Temporal Boundaries of Simple Experiences

1998 ◽  
pp. 15-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael V. Antony
Keyword(s):  
Elementary Particle ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Quantum Physics ◽  
Identity Theory ◽  
Elementary Particle Physics ◽  
Complex Events

I argue that the temporal boundaries of certain experiences — those I call ‘simple experiential events’ (SEEs) — have a different character than the temporal boundaries of the events most frequently associated with experience: neural events. In particular, I argue that the temporal boundaries of SEEs are more sharply defined than those of neural events. Indeed, they are sharper than the boundaries of all physical events at levels of complexity higher than that of elementary particle physics. If correct, it follows that the most common forms of identity theory-functionalism and dualism (according to which neurophysiological (or other complex) events play key roles through identification or correlation) — are mistaken. More positively, the conclusion supports recent approaches that attempt to explain conciousness by appeal to quantum physics.

Diamagnetic Magnetization Strength as a Consequence of Electromagnetic Induction Law’s Effect

2013 ◽  
Vol 423-426 ◽  
pp. 2104-2107
Author(s):  
Tatyana N. Gnitetskaya ◽  
Elena V. Karnauhova
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Moment ◽  
Electromagnetic Induction ◽  
Quantum Physics ◽  
Magnetization Process ◽  
Larmor Precession ◽  
Average Magnetic Moment ◽  
Classical Physics ◽  
Classical Statistics ◽  
Magnetic Phenomena

A qualitative proof of diamagnetic non-zero magnetization based on the electromagnetic induction law is presented in this paper. Modeling diamagnetic phenomena as a result of Larmor precession or effect of the electromagnetic induction’s law in scale of one hydrogen-like atom performed in classical physics contributes to formation of obviously incorrect idea of the diamagnetic magnetization process in students. It is well-known that the average magnetic moment of a diamagnetic calculated with the help of classical statistics laws is zero which can be explained by quantum character of magnetic phenomena. On the contrary, electromagnetic induction’s law is effective both in classical and quantum physics. Applying it to the diamagnetism problem will allow to solve it for the diamagnetic in whole and to avoid averaging which is proved in the present paper.

DISCRETE TIME QUANTUM WALK ON A LINE WITH TWO PARTICLES

2006 ◽  
Vol 04 (03) ◽  
pp. 573-583 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. SHERIDAN ◽  
N. PAUNKOVIĆ ◽  
Y. OMAR ◽  
S. BOSE
Keyword(s):  
Discrete Time ◽  
Relative Phase ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Quantum Walk ◽  
Degree Of Freedom ◽  
Initial State ◽  
Time Quantum

We introduce the idea of a quantum walk with two particles and study it for the case of a discrete time walk on a line. We consider both separable and maximally entangled initial conditions, and show how the entanglement and the relative phase between the states describing the coin degree of freedom of each particle will influence the evolution of the quantum walk. In particular, these factors will have consequences for the distance between the particles and the probability of finding them at a given point, yielding results that cannot be obtained from a separable initial state, be it pure or mixed. Finally, we review briefly proposals for implementations.

scholarly journals Understanding the Complexity of Temperature Dynamics in Xinjiang, China, from Multitemporal Scale and Spatial Perspectives

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianhua Xu ◽  
Yaning Chen ◽  
Weihong Li ◽  
Zuhan Liu ◽  
Chunmeng Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chaotic System ◽  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
Correlation Dimension ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Classical Statistics ◽  
Temperature Dynamics ◽  
Daily Scale ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Complex Temperature

Based on the observed data from 51 meteorological stations during the period from 1958 to 2012 in Xinjiang, China, we investigated the complexity of temperature dynamics from the temporal and spatial perspectives by using a comprehensive approach including the correlation dimension (CD), classical statistics, and geostatistics. The main conclusions are as follows (1) The integer CD values indicate that the temperature dynamics are a complex and chaotic system, which is sensitive to the initial conditions. (2) The complexity of temperature dynamics decreases along with the increase of temporal scale. To describe the temperature dynamics, at least 3 independent variables are needed at daily scale, whereas at least 2 independent variables are needed at monthly, seasonal, and annual scales. (3) The spatial patterns of CD values at different temporal scales indicate that the complex temperature dynamics are derived from the complex landform.

scholarly journals Specific Mathematical Aspects of Dynamics Generated by Coherence Functions

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ezzat G. Bakhoum ◽  
Cristian Toma
Keyword(s):  
Differential Equations ◽  
Complex Systems ◽  
Integral Equations ◽  
Quantum Physics ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Coherence Function ◽  
Multiple Integral ◽  
The State ◽  
Integrodifferential Equations ◽  
State Variables

This study presents specific aspects of dynamics generated by the coherence function (acting in an integral manner). It is considered that an oscillating system starting to work from initial nonzero conditions is commanded by the coherence function between the output of the system and an alternating function of a certain frequency. For different initial conditions, the evolution of the system is analyzed. The equivalence between integrodifferential equations and integral equations implying the same number of state variables is investigated; it is shown that integro-differential equations of second order are far more restrictive regarding the initial conditions for the state variables. Then, the analysis is extended to equations of evolution where the coherence function is acting under the form of a multiple integral. It is shown that for the coherence function represented under the form of annth integral, some specific aspects as multiscale behaviour suitable for modelling transitions in complex systems (e.g., quantum physics) could be noticed whennequals 4, 5, or 6.

scholarly journals Periodicity and perfect state transfer in quantum walks on variants of cycles

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (5&6) ◽  
pp. 417-438
Author(s):  
Katharine E. Barr ◽  
Tim J. Proctor ◽  
Daniel Allen ◽  
Viv M. Kendon
Keyword(s):  
Discrete Time ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Quantum Walks ◽  
High Fidelity ◽  
Perfect State ◽  
Initial State ◽  
State Transfer ◽  
Time Quantum ◽  
Perfect State Transfer ◽  
Very High

We systematically investigated perfect state transfer between antipodal nodes of discrete time quantum walks on variants of the cycles $C_4$, $C_6$ and $C_8$ for three choices of coin operator. Perfect state transfer was found, in general, to be very rare, only being preserved for a very small number of ways of modifying the cycles. We observed that some of our useful modifications of $C_4$ could be generalised to an arbitrary number of nodes, and present three families of graphs which admit quantum walks with interesting dynamics either in the continuous time walk, or in the discrete time walk for appropriate selections of coin and initial conditions. These dynamics are either periodicity, perfect state transfer, or very high fidelity state transfer. These families are modifications of families known not to exhibit periodicity or perfect state transfer in general. The robustness of the dynamics is tested by varying the initial state, interpolating between structures and by adding decoherence.

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