scholarly journals VIII. Examination of select vegetable products from India

1856 ◽  
Vol 146 ◽  
pp. 141-157 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Royal Society ◽  
The South ◽  
Yellow Colour ◽  
Vegetable Products ◽  
Deep Yellow ◽  
Extensive Collection

Through the kindness of my esteemed friend Dr. Royle, I have been permitted to select such vegetable products from the extensive collection at the India House as seemed most likely to repay the trouble of investigation. My attention during the last twelve months has been chiefly directed to three of these vegetable substances ; and the results of their examination I now take the liberty of submitting to the Royal Society, to be followed by those of the others as they may be completed. The first of these substances which I examined consisted of a quantity of the roots of the Datisca cannabina , from Lahore, where this plant is employed to dye silk of a fast yellow colour. The roots, which had been cut into pieces about six or eight inches long, were from one-half to three-quarters of an inch in thickness. They had a deep yellow colour. The leaves and smaller branches of the Datisca cannabina from the Levant have long been employed for a similar purpose in the South of France. A decoction of the leaves of the Datisca cannabina was examined by Braconnot in 1816, who discovered in it a crystallizable principle to which he gave the name of datiscine . Braconnot, of course, did not subject this substance to analysis, but he described its appearance and properties in an exceedingly accurate manner. The observations of Braconnot had fallen into such entire oblivion, however, that for many years past, we find in most of the larger systems of chemistry the term datiscine used as synonymous with inuline . Thus in Brande’s 'Chemistry,' vol. ii. page 1168, we find it stated that a variety of names had been given to inuline, such as "dahline, datiscine," &c. In Löwig’s 'Chemistry of Organic Compounds,' vol. i. page 359, the same error is repeated, where, under the article "inuline," the synonyms given are "dahline and datiscine."

scholarly journals III. Results of the examination of certain vegetable products from India.—Part I

1856 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 536-543
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
Vegetable Products ◽  
Extensive Collection

Through the kindness of my esteemed friend Dr. Royle, I have been permitted to select such vegetable products from the extensive collection at the India House as seemed most likely to repay the trouble of investigation. My attention, during the last twelve months, has been chiefly directed to three of these vegetable substances; and the results of their examination I now take the liberty of submitting to the Royal Society, to be followed by those of the others as they may be completed.

scholarly journals Solar eclipse of May 28, 1900. Preliminary report of the expedition to the south limit of totality to obtain photographs of the flash spectrum in high solar latitudes

1901 ◽  
Vol 67 (435-441) ◽  
pp. 370-385 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Eclipse ◽  
Royal Society ◽  
Preliminary Report ◽  
The South ◽  
Astronomical Society ◽  
Royal Astronomical Society ◽  
The Government ◽  
Flash Spectrum ◽  
Government Grant

This expedition was one of those organised by the Joint Permanent Eclipse Committee of the Royal Society and the Royal Astronomical Society, funds being provided from a grant made by the Government Grant Committee. The following were the principal objects which I had in view in arranging the expedition:— To obtain a long series of photographs of the chromosphere and flash spectrum, including regions of the sun’s surface in mid-latitudes, and near one of the poles.

III. On the structure of a species of millepora occurring at Tahiti, Society Islands

1877 ◽  
Vol 167 ◽  
pp. 117-135 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Yellow Colour ◽  
Short Account ◽  
Society Islands ◽  
Bright Yellow ◽  
The Subject

In a paper treating mainly on the structure of the Heliopora cœrulea , which was communicated to the Royal Society in the autumn of last year (1875), I gave a short account of the results at which I had arrived from the examination of two species of Millepora obtained at Bermuda and at the Philippines, and expressed my intention of further prosecuting the subject at the Sandwich Islands and Tahiti, should material be forthcoming. At Honolulu no Millepora was met with; and this form apparently does not occur at the Sandwich Islands, the water being too cold for it. At Tahiti a Millepora is very abundant on the reefs in from one to two feet of water, and is very conspicuous because of its bright yellow colour.

scholarly journals Total solar eclipse, 1905, August 29-30. Preliminary report of the observations made at Guelma, Algeria

1906 ◽  
Vol 77 (514) ◽  
pp. 56-76
Keyword(s):  
Solar Eclipse ◽  
Royal Society ◽  
Preliminary Report ◽  
Total Solar Eclipse ◽  
The South ◽  
Royal Astronomical Society ◽  
The North ◽  
Royal Observatory ◽  
The Government ◽  
Government Grant

The expedition to which this report refers was one of those organised by the Joint Permanent Eclipse Committee of the Royal Society and the Royal Astronomical Society; it was supported by a grant made by the Government Grant Committee. Guelma was chosen for the site of the observations, as being an inland station between Sfax, which was selected for an expedition from the Royal Observatory, Greenwich, and Philippeville, which it was at first expected Sir Norman Lockyer would occupy. Guelma is 58 kilometres from Bona, 65 kilometres from Philippeville, 55 kilometres from the nearest coast of the Mediterranean Sea; it lies at a height of about 1200 feet above sea-level on the south side of the Valley of the Seybouze, amongst hills which range in height from about 3100 feet at 13 kilometres to the north, to about 4700 feet at 11 kilometres on the south, where lies the celebrated mountain, Mahouna, “the sleeping lady,” so called from the resemblance of its silhouette to the form of a woman. (For the position of the observing hut, see p. 59.)

scholarly journals XVI. On the relation between boiling-point and composition organic compounds

1860 ◽  
Vol 150 ◽  
pp. 257-276 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Boiling Point ◽  
Royal Society ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Molecular Volume ◽  
Isomeric Compound ◽  
Boiling Points ◽  
Constituent Elements ◽  
Further Development

The researches which I beg, in the following pages, to submit to the Royal Society, embody the results obtained in the further development of an observation which I made a considerable number of years ago, and which, since that time, I had to defend against the objections of others, both by experimental inquiries of my own, and by the collection and discussion of facts elicited in the investigations of other observers. As far back as 1841* I pointed out that in analogous compounds the same difference of composition frequently involves the same difference in boiling-points. The assertion of the existence of this law-like relation between the chemical composition of substances and one of their most important physical properties, when first enunciated, met rather with the opposition than with the assent of chemists. In Germany especially it was contested by Schröder in his memoir “On the Molecular Volume of Chemical Compounds.” These objections led me to collect additional evidence in favour of my views, and to show more particularly that in very extensive series of compounds (alcohols C n H n+2 O 2 ; acids C n H n O 4 ; compound ethers C n H n O 4 , &c.) an elementary difference x C 2 H 2 is attended by a difference of x X 19°C. in the boiling-points, and how this fact is intimately connected with other regularities exhibited by the boiling-points of organic compounds. Almost at the same period Schröder § convinced himself that the relation I had pointed out obtains in most cases. He collected himself a considerable number of illustrations of the regularities I had traced, and showed that the relation in question is rendered more especially conspicuous if the compounds be expressed by formulæ representing equal vapour-volumes of the several substances. Some of the views, however, which were peculiar to Schröder have not gained the approbation of chemists. This physicist was inclined to consider the boiling-point of a substance as the most essential criterion of its proximate constituents, as the most trustworthy indicator of its molecular consti­tution. His views were chiefly based upon the assumption that the elementary difference C 2 H 2 , when occurring in alcohols C n H n+2 O 2 , involved a difference of boiling-points other than that occasioned by the same elementary difference obtaining in acids C n H n O 4 and that the isomeric compound ethers differed from one another in their boiling-points. An extensive series of boiling-point determinations* which I made of these isomeric ethers, proved that the latter assumption is not founded on facts. The exertions made by Schröder, Gerhardt, Löwig and others, in the hope of recognizing the influence of the constituent elements on the boiling-point of a compound, have also essentially remained without result.

The Royal Society and the Antarctic

2000 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. E. Fogg
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Scientific Investigation ◽  
Polar Regions ◽  
The South ◽  
International Geophysical Year ◽  
Geomagnetic Survey ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
International Geophysical ◽  
South Polar

Beginning with its dispatch of Halley on his geomagnetic cruise of 1699 to 1700, the Royal Society has played a sporadic, ad hoc, but nevertheless considerable role in the scientific investigation of the South Polar regions. In three ventures—Ross's geomagnetic survey of 1839 to 1843, the first Scott expedition of 1901 to 1904 and the British contribution to the International Geophysical Year of 1957 to 1958—it made major contributions to the planning and support of Antarctic scientific programmes. Throughout, it has given backing to polar expeditions but has been consistent in putting science before geographical discovery. It has numbered some 20 Antarctic scientists among its Fellows.

X. Report of the examination of some of the scientific instruments employed by the late Dr. Joule

1896 ◽  
Vol 59 (353-358) ◽  
pp. 345-359
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Scientific Instruments ◽  
The South

Having been appointed by the Royal Society to the Joule Scholarship, and entrusted with the examination of some of the instruments employed by Joule in his scientific work, I called upon his son, Mr. B. A. Joule, in whose possession were such of the instruments as had not already been presented to the South Kensington Museum or other places. Mr. Joule very kindly placed the instruments at my disposal, and I am much indebted to him for the trouble he took in searching his house for anything that might have been laid by.

Additional observations on the osteology of the iguanodon and hylæosaurus

1851 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 804-806
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
Vertebral Column ◽  
Spinal Column ◽  
British Museum ◽  
Previous Knowledge ◽  
The South ◽  
Isle Of Wight ◽  
Fossil Remains ◽  
Private Collections

This memoir is supplementary to the author’s former communications to the Royal Society on the same subject, and comprises an account of some important additions which he has lately made to our previous knowledge of the osteological structure of the colossal reptiles of the Wealden of the South-east of England. The acquisition of some gigantic and well-preserved vertebræ and bones of the extremities from the Isle of Wight, and of other instructive specimens from Sussex and Surrey, induced the author to resume his examination of the detached parts of the skeletons of the Wealden reptiles in the British Museum, and in several private collections; and he states as the most important result of his investigations, the determination of the structure of the vertebral column, pectoral arch, and anterior extremities of the Iguanodon. In the laborious and difficult task of examining and comparing the numerous detached, and for the most part mutilated bones of the spinal column, Dr. Mantell expresses his deep obligation to Dr. G. A. Melville, whose elaborate and accurate anatomical description of the vertebræ is appended to the memoir. The most interesting fossil remains are described in detail in the following order.

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