scholarly journals Reclassification of Geobacillus pallidus (Scholz et al. 1988) Banat et al. 2004 as Aeribacillus pallidus gen. nov., comb. nov.

2010 ◽  
Vol 60 (7) ◽  
pp. 1600-1604 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Miñana-Galbis ◽  
Dora L. Pinzón ◽  
J. Gaspar Lorén ◽  
Àngels Manresa ◽  
Rosa M. Oliart-Ros
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Type Strain ◽  
Phylogenetic Trees ◽  
Hot Spring ◽  
Thermophilic Bacteria ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequences ◽  
Geobacillus Pallidus

Although Anoxybacillus and Geobacillus, two genera of thermophilic bacteria close to the genus Bacillus, have only been described recently, the number of species in these genera has increased rapidly. Four thermophilic, lipolytic strains (DR01, DR02, DR03 and DR04) isolated from a hot spring in Veracruz (Mexico), which could not be identified phenotypically, were subjected to 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. Three strains were identified as belonging to the genus Anoxybacillus, but strain DR03 was identified as Geobacillus pallidus. This result led us to perform a phylogenetic analysis of the genera Anoxybacillus and Geobacillus based on 16S rRNA gene sequences from all the type strains of these genera. Phylogenetic trees showed three major clusters, Anoxybacillus–Geobacillus tepidamans, Geobacillus sensu stricto and Geobacillus pallidus, while the 16S rRNA gene sequences of G. pallidus (DR03 and the type strain) showed low similarity to sequences of Anoxybacillus (92.5–95.1 %) and Geobacillus (92.8–94.5 %) species, as well as to Bacillus subtilis (92.2–92.4 %). In addition, G. pallidus could be differentiated from Anoxybacillus and Geobacillus on the basis of DNA G+C content and fatty acid and polar lipid profiles. From these results, it is proposed that Geobacillus pallidus should be classified in a novel genus, for which we propose the name Aeribacillus, as Aeribacillus pallidus gen. nov., comb. nov. The type strain of Aeribacillus pallidus is H12T (=ATCC 51176T =DSM 3670T =LMG 19006T).

scholarly journals Halalkalicoccus jeotgali sp. nov., a halophilic archaeon from shrimp jeotgal, a traditional Korean fermented seafood

2007 ◽  
Vol 57 (10) ◽  
pp. 2296-2298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seong Woon Roh ◽  
Young-Do Nam ◽  
Ho-Won Chang ◽  
Youlboong Sung ◽  
Kyoung-Ho Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Type Strain ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Halophilic Archaeon ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequences ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Extremely Halophilic Archaeon ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

A novel, extremely halophilic archaeon B3T was isolated from shrimp-salted seafood. Its morphology, physiology, biochemical features and 16S rRNA gene sequence were characterized. Strain B3T is non-motile, Gram-variable, requires at least 10 % (w/v) NaCl for growth and grows in the ranges of 21–50 °C and pH 6.5–9.0. The DNA G+C content of strain B3T was 63.2 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain B3T belonged to the genus Halalkalicoccus and was phylogenetically closely related to the type strain Halalkalicoccus tibetensis (98.64 %). However, DNA–DNA hybridization experiments showed 7.0 % relatedness between strain B3T and a strain of a reference species of the genus Halalkalicoccus. Combined analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences, DNA–DNA relatedness data, physiological and biochemical tests indicated that the genotypic and phenotypic characteristics differentiate strain B3T from other Halalkalicoccus species. On the basis of the evidence presented in this report, strain B3T represents a novel species of the genus Halalkalicoccus, for which the name Halalkalicoccus jeotgali. sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is B3T (=KCTC 4019T=DSM 18796T=JCM 14584T=CECT 7217T).

scholarly journals Mycobacterium europaeum sp. nov., a scotochromogenic species related to the Mycobacterium simiae complex

2011 ◽  
Vol 61 (7) ◽  
pp. 1606-1611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrico Tortoli ◽  
Erik C. Böttger ◽  
Anna Fabio ◽  
Enevold Falsen ◽  
Zoe Gitti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Type Strain ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequences ◽  
Polyphasic Analysis ◽  
Mycobacterium Simiae

Four strains isolated in the last 15 years were revealed to be identical in their 16S rRNA gene sequences to MCRO19, the sequence of which was deposited in GenBank in 1995. In a polyphasic analysis including phenotypic and genotypic features, the five strains (including MCRO19), which had been isolated in four European countries, turned out to represent a unique taxonomic entity. They are scotochromogenic slow growers and are genetically related to the group that included Mycobacterium simiae and 15 other species. The novel species Mycobacterium europaeum sp. nov. is proposed to accommodate these five strains. Strain FI-95228T ( = DSM 45397T  = CCUG 58464T) was chosen as the type strain. In addition, a thorough revision of the phenotypic and genotypic characters of the species related to M. simiae was conducted which leads us to suggest the denomination of the ‘Mycobacterium simiae complex’ for this group.

scholarly journals Phylogenetic relationships within the family Halobacteriaceae inferred from rpoB′ gene and protein sequences

2007 ◽  
Vol 57 (10) ◽  
pp. 2289-2295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madalin Enache ◽  
Takashi Itoh ◽  
Tadamasa Fukushima ◽  
Ron Usami ◽  
Lucia Dumitru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
Molecular Marker ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Phylogenetic Trees ◽  
Protein Sequences ◽  
Rpob Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequences ◽  
The Family

In order to clarify the current phylogeny of the haloarchaea, particularly the closely related genera that have been difficult to sort out using 16S rRNA gene sequences, the DNA-dependent RNA polymerase subunit B′ gene (rpoB′) was used as a complementary molecular marker. Partial sequences of the gene were determined from 16 strains of the family Halobacteriaceae. Comparisons of phylogenetic trees inferred from the gene and protein sequences as well as from corresponding 16S rRNA gene sequences suggested that species of the genera Natrialba, Natronococcus, Halobiforma, Natronobacterium, Natronorubrum, Natrinema/Haloterrigena and Natronolimnobius formed a monophyletic group in all trees. In the RpoB′ protein tree, the alkaliphilic species Natrialba chahannaoensis, Natrialba hulunbeirensis and Natrialba magadii formed a tight group, while the neutrophilic species Natrialba asiatica formed a separate group with species of the genera Natronorubrum and Natronolimnobius. Species of the genus Natronorubrum were split into two groups in both the rpoB′ gene and protein trees. The most important advantage of the use of the rpoB′ gene over the 16S rRNA gene is that sequences of the former are highly conserved amongst species of the family Halobacteriaceae. All sequences determined so far can be aligned unambiguously without any gaps. On the other hand, gaps are necessary at 49 positions in the inner part of the alignment of 16S rRNA gene sequences. The rpoB′ gene and protein sequences can be used as an excellent alternative molecular marker in phylogenetic analysis of the Halobacteriaceae.

scholarly journals Variovorax gossypii sp. nov., isolated from Gossypium hirsutum

2015 ◽  
Vol 65 (Pt_12) ◽  
pp. 4335-4340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Kämpfer ◽  
Hans-Jürgen Busse ◽  
John A. McInroy ◽  
Stefanie P. Glaeser
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Gossypium Hirsutum ◽  
Dna Hybridization ◽  
Phylogenetic Trees ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequences ◽  
Polar Lipid Profile ◽  
The 16S Rrna Gene

A beige-pigmented bacterial strain (JM-310T), isolated from the healthy internal root tissue of 4-week-old cotton (Gossypium hirsutum, cultivar ‘DES-119’) in Tallassee (Macon county), Alabama, USA, was studied taxonomically. The isolate produced small rod-shaped cells, which showed a Gram-negative staining behaviour. A comparison of the 16S rRNA gene sequence of the isolate revealed 99.2, 98.8, 98.7, 98.7, 98.1 and 97.6 % similarity to the 16S rRNA gene sequences of the type strains of Variovorax paradoxus, Variovorax boronicumulans, Variovorax ginsengisoli, Variovorax soli, Variovorax defluvii and Variovorax dokdonensis, respectively. In phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, strain JM-301T was placed within the monophyletic cluster of Variovorax species. The fatty acid profile of strain JM-310T consisted mainly of the major fatty acids C16 : 0, C10 : 0 3-OH and summed feature 4 (iso-C15 : 0 2-OH/C16 : 1ω7c/t). The quinone system of strain JM-310T contained predominantly ubiquinone Q-8 and lesser amounts of Q-7 and Q-9. The major polyamine was putrescine and the diagnostic polyamine 2-hydroxyputrescine was detected as well. The polar lipid profile consisted of the major lipids phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, diphospatidylglycerol and several unidentified lipids. DNA–DNA hybridization experiments with V. paradoxus LMG 1797T, V. boronicumulans 1.22T, V. soli KACC 11579T and V. ginsengisoli 3165T gave levels of relatedness of < 70 %. These DNA–DNA hybridization results in addition to differential biochemical properties indicate clearly that strain JM-310T is a member of a novel species, for which the name Variovorax gossypii sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is JM-310T ( = LMG 28869T = CIP 110912T = CCM 8614T).

Anaerostipes butyraticus sp. nov., an anaerobic, butyrate-producing bacterium from Clostridium cluster XIVa isolated from broiler chicken caecal content, and emended description of the genus Anaerostipes

2010 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 1108-1112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Venessa Eeckhaut ◽  
Filip Van Immerseel ◽  
Frank Pasmans ◽  
Evie De Brandt ◽  
Freddy Haesebrouck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Type Strain ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequences ◽  
Caecal Content ◽  
Emended Description ◽  
Bacterial Clone

Four butyrate-producing isolates were obtained from the caecal content of a 4-week-old broiler chicken. The 16S rRNA gene sequences were determined and confirmed the close relatedness of the four isolates, which suggested that they were derived from a single bacterial clone. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that its closest relatives were members of cluster XIVa of the Clostridium subphylum of Gram-positive bacteria and that the closest related type strain was Anaerostipes caccae L1-92T (94.5 % similarity). Similarity levels of 96–98 % with sequences from uncultured bacteria from human stool samples were observed. On the basis of morphological, biochemical and phylogenetic characteristics, this strain is assigned to a novel species in the genus Anaerostipes, for which the name Anaerostipes butyraticus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 35-7T (=LMG 24724T =DSM 22094T). An emended description of the genus Anaerostipes is also provided.

scholarly journals Emended description of the genus Actinokineospora Hasegawa 1988 and transfer of Amycolatopsis fastidiosa Henssen et al. 1987 as Actinokineospora fastidiosa comb. nov.

2010 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 1444-1449 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. P. Labeda ◽  
N. P. Price ◽  
G. Y. A. Tan ◽  
M. Goodfellow ◽  
H.-P. Klenk
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Type Strain ◽  
Phylogenetic Study ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequences ◽  
Careful Evaluation ◽  
Emended Description

The species Amycolatopsis fastidiosa (ex Celmer et al. 1977) Henssen et al. 1987 was proposed, based on morphological and chemotaxonomic observations, for a strain originally described as ‘Pseudonocardia fastidiosa’ Celmer et al. 1977 in a US patent. In the course of a phylogenetic study of the taxa with validly published names within the suborder Pseudonocardineae based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, it became apparent that this species was misplaced in the genus Amycolatopsis. After careful evaluation of the phylogeny, morphology, chemotaxonomy and physiology of the type strain, it was concluded that this strain represents a species of the genus Actinokineospora that is unable to produce motile spores. The description of the genus Actinokineospora is therefore emended to accommodate species that do not produce motile spores, and it is proposed that Amycolatopsis fastidiosa be transferred to the genus Actinokineospora as Actinokineospora fastidiosa comb. nov. The type strain is NRRL B-16697T =ATCC 31181T =DSM 43855T =JCM 3276T =NBRC 14105T =VKM Ac-1419T.

scholarly journals Pedobacter duraquae sp. nov., Pedobacter westerhofensis sp. nov., Pedobacter metabolipauper sp. nov., Pedobacter hartonius sp. nov. and Pedobacter steynii sp. nov., isolated from a hard-water rivulet

2007 ◽  
Vol 57 (10) ◽  
pp. 2221-2227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sören Muurholm ◽  
Sylvie Cousin ◽  
Orsola Päuker ◽  
Evelyne Brambilla ◽  
Erko Stackebrandt
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Type Strain ◽  
Hard Water ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequences ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Metabolic Properties ◽  
North Germany

Five isolates that were related phylogenetically to members of the genus Pedobacter were isolated from freshwater of the hard-water creek Westerhöfer Bach, North Germany. The five strains (WB 2.1-25T, WB 2.3-71T, WB 3.3-3T, WB 3.3-22T and WB 2.3-45T) were Gram-negative and chemoheterotrophic, with rod-shaped cells. Most of their metabolic properties matched those given in the description of the genus Pedobacter. Consistent with the genus description, their fatty acids included mainly iso-C15 : 0 and summed feature 3 (C16 : 1 ω7c, iso-C15 : 0 2-OH or both); C16 : 1 ω5c, C16 : 0, iso-C15 : 0 3-OH, C16 : 0 3-OH and iso-C17 : 0 3-OH were present in smaller amounts. The major isoprenoid quinone was menaquinone 7. With one exception, binary similarity values of the almost complete 16S rRNA gene sequences determined among the isolates as well as between the isolates and type strains of Pedobacter species were lower than 98.5 %. The only exception was the close relationship between Pedobacter caeni DSM 16990T and strain WB 2.3-45T (99.2 % similarity). DNA–DNA reassociation values determined for this pair of strains was 29.8 %, indicating that strain WB 2.3-45T represents a unique genospecies. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strains WB 2.1-25T and WB 2.3-71T form a group that is moderately related to P. caeni and strain WB 2.3-45T (98.5 % similarity). Strains WB 3.3-3T and WB 3.3-22T (98.5 % similarity) branched separately from these four organisms. The five phylogenetically isolated strains differed from each other as well as from the type strain of the type species (Pedobacter heparinus DSM 2366T) and some related representatives of the genus in several metabolic reactions and cultural parameters. On the basis of phenotypic and phylogenetic distinctiveness, five novel species are proposed: Pedobacter duraquae sp. nov., with WB 2.1-25T (=DSM 19034T=CIP 109481T) as the type strain; Pedobacter westerhofensis sp. nov., with WB 3.3-22T (=DSM 19036T=CIP 109479T) as the type strain; Pedobacter metabolipauper sp. nov., with WB 2.3-71T (=DSM 19035T=CIP 109480T) as the type strain; Pedobacter hartonius sp. nov., with WB 3.3-3T (=DSM 19033T=CIP 109468T) as the type strain; and Pedobacter steynii sp. nov., with WB 2.3-45T (=DSM 19110T=CIP 109507T) as the type strain.

Algoriphagus pacificus sp. nov. and Algoriphagus oliviformis sp. nov., isolated from a mariculture fishpond

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Huibin Lu ◽  
Zhipeng Cai ◽  
Tongchu Deng ◽  
Youfeng Qian ◽  
Meiying Xu
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Type Strain ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequences ◽  
Respiratory Quinone ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type

Two Gram-stain-negative, catalase-positive, oxidase-negative, rod-shaped, non-flagellated, non-spore-forming and non-motile strains (YJ13CT and H41T) were isolated from a mariculture fishpond in PR China. Comparisons based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that YJ13CT and H41T shared 16S rRNA gene sequences similarities between 92.6 and 99.2 % with species of the genus Algoriphagus . YJ13CT only shared 93.8 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with H41T. The reconstructed phylogenetic and phylogenomic trees indicated that YJ13CT and H41T clustered closely with species of the genus Algoriphagus . The calculated pairwise orthologous average nucleotide identity with usearch (OrthoANIu) values between strains YJ13CT and H41T and other related strains were all less than 79.5 %. The OrthoANIu value between YJ13CT and H41T was only 69.9 %. MK-7 was the predominant respiratory quinone of YJ13CT and H41T and their major cellular fatty acids contained iso-C15 : 0, C16 : 1 ω7c and C17 : 1 ω9c. The polar lipids profiles of YJ13CT and H41T consisted of phosphatidylethanolamine and several kinds of unidentified lipids. Combining the above descriptions, strains YJ13CT and H41T represent two distinct novel species of the genus Algoriphagus , for which the names Algoriphagus pacificus sp. nov. (type strain YJ13CT=GDMCC 1.2178T=KCTC 82450T) and Algoriphagus oliviformis sp. nov. (type strain H41T=GDMCC 1.2179T=KCTC 82451T) are proposed.

scholarly journals Limnohabitans planktonicus sp. nov. and Limnohabitans parvus sp. nov., planktonic betaproteobacteria isolated from a freshwater reservoir, and emended description of the genus Limnohabitans

2010 ◽  
Vol 60 (12) ◽  
pp. 2710-2714 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vojtěch Kasalický ◽  
Jan Jezbera ◽  
Karel Šimek ◽  
Martin W. Hahn
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Type Strain ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequences ◽  
Respiratory Quinone ◽  
Phylogenetic Cluster ◽  
The 16S Rrna Gene

Two bacterial strains, II-B4T and II-D5T, isolated from the meso-eutrophic freshwater Římov reservoir (Czech Republic), were characterized phenotypically, phylogenetically and chemotaxonomically. Both strains were chemo-organotrophic, facultatively anaerobic, non-motile rods, with identical DNA G+C contents of 59.9 mol%. Their major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine and their major fatty acids were C16 : 1 ω7c/C16 : 1 ω6c, C16 : 0, C18 : 1 ω7c/C18 : 1 ω6c and C12 : 0. Both strains contained Q-8 as the only respiratory quinone component. The 16S rRNA gene sequences of the two strains possessed 99.1 % similarity; however, the level of DNA–DNA reassociation was only 26.7 %. The strains can also be discriminated from each other by several chemotaxonomic and biochemical traits. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed the affiliation of both strains with the genus Limnohabitans within the family Comamonadaceae. The two investigated strains represent the first isolated members of a narrow phylogenetic cluster (the so-called R-BT065 cluster) formed by a large number of environmental sequences and abundant populations detected in the pelagic zones of various freshwater habitats. We propose to place the two strains in separate novel species within the genus Limnohabitans, Limnohabitans planktonicus sp. nov., with the type strain II-D5T (=DSM 21594T =CIP 109844T), and Limnohabitans parvus sp. nov., with the type strain II-B4T (=DSM 21592T =CIP 109845T). The description of the genus Limnohabitans is emended accordingly.

scholarly journals Evolution of Thermotolerance in Hot Spring Cyanobacteria of the Genus Synechococcus

2000 ◽  
Vol 66 (10) ◽  
pp. 4222-4229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott R. Miller ◽  
Richard W. Castenholz
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Hot Spring ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequences ◽  
Ecological Diversification ◽  
Physiological Approach

ABSTRACT The extension of ecological tolerance limits may be an important mechanism by which microorganisms adapt to novel environments, but it may come at the evolutionary cost of reduced performance under ancestral conditions. We combined a comparative physiological approach with phylogenetic analyses to study the evolution of thermotolerance in hot spring cyanobacteria of the genus Synechococcus. Among the 20 laboratory clones of Synechococcus isolated from collections made along an Oregon hot spring thermal gradient, four different 16S rRNA gene sequences were identified. Phylogenies constructed by using the sequence data indicated that the clones were polyphyletic but that three of the four sequence groups formed a clade. Differences in thermotolerance were observed for clones with different 16S rRNA gene sequences, and comparison of these physiological differences within a phylogenetic framework provided evidence that more thermotolerant lineages of Synechococcus evolved from less thermotolerant ancestors. The extension of the thermal limit in these bacteria was correlated with a reduction in the breadth of the temperature range for growth, which provides evidence that enhanced thermotolerance has come at the evolutionary cost of increased thermal specialization. This study illustrates the utility of using phylogenetic comparative methods to investigate how evolutionary processes have shaped historical patterns of ecological diversification in microorganisms.

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