scholarly journals Characterization of Defluviitalea saccharophila gen. nov., sp. nov., a thermophilic bacterium isolated from an upflow anaerobic filter treating abattoir wastewaters, and proposal of Defluviitaleaceae fam. nov.

2012 ◽  
Vol 62 (Pt_3) ◽  
pp. 550-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Jabari ◽  
Hana Gannoun ◽  
Jean-Luc Cayol ◽  
Moktar Hamdi ◽  
Guy Fauque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Genus ◽  
Elemental Sulfur ◽  
Thermophilic Bacterium ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
Fermentation Products ◽  
Anaerobic Filter ◽  
Physiological Properties ◽  
Optimum Ph ◽  
Nitrate And Nitrite

A novel thermophilic, anaerobic, Gram-stain-positive, terminal-spore-forming bacterium was isolated from an upflow anaerobic filter treating abattoir wastewaters in Tunisia. This strain, designated LIND6LT2T, grew at 40–60 °C (optimum 50–55 °C) and at pH 6.0–8.5 (optimum pH 7.0–7.5). It did not require NaCl for growth, but tolerated it up to 2 %. Sulfate, thiosulfate, elemental sulfur, sulfite, nitrate and nitrite were not used as electron acceptors. Growth of LIND6LT2T was inhibited by sulfite (2 mM). Strain LIND6LT2T used cellobiose, glucose, mannose, maltose, mannitol, sucrose and xylose as electron donors. The main fermentation products from glucose metabolism were acetate, formate, butyrate and isobutyrate. The predominant cellular fatty acids were C16 : 0 (68.4 %) and C14 : 0 (8.3 %). The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 35.2 mol%. On the basis of its phylogenetic and physiological properties, a new genus and species, Defluviitalea saccharophila gen. nov., sp. nov., are proposed to accommodate strain LIND6LT2T, placed in Defluviitaleaceae fam. nov. within the phylum Firmicutes, class Clostridia, order Clostridiales. Strain LIND6LT2T ( = DSM 22681T  = JCM 16312T) is the type strain of Defluviitalea saccharophila, which itself is the type species of Defluviitalea.

Isolation and characterization of cellulolytic anaerobic fungi and associated mycoplasmas from the rumen of a steer fed a roughage diet

1990 ◽  
Vol 36 (7) ◽  
pp. 513-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Kudo ◽  
K. D. Jakober ◽  
R. C. Phillippe ◽  
K.-J. Cheng ◽  
D. J. S. Barr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Anaerobic Fungi ◽  
Ecological Role ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
Fermentation Products ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Neocallimastix Patriciarum

The isolation of 12 strains of cellulolytic fungi from the rumen of a roughage-fed steer is described. These represented three different genera, including one new genus and species (Orpinomyces bovis). The organisms were indistinguishable on the basis of fermentation products from cellulose, and their fermentation patterns were very similar to those of rumen fungi isolated in other countries. Mycoplasmas were found to be associated with 7 of the 12 isolates. The ecological role of the association of the mycoplasmas with rumen fungi is still unknown. Key words: Orpinomyces bovis, Piromyces communis, Neocallimastix patriciarum.

scholarly journals Vallitalea pronyensis sp. nov., isolated from a marine alkaline hydrothermal chimney

2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (Pt_4) ◽  
pp. 1160-1165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatma Ben Aissa ◽  
Anne Postec ◽  
Gaël Erauso ◽  
Claude Payri ◽  
Bernard Pelletier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elemental Sulfur ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
Gram Stain ◽  
Fermentation Products ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Growth Optimum ◽  
Physiological Properties ◽  
Nitrate And Nitrite

A novel thermotolerant, anaerobic, Gram-stain-positive, spore-forming bacterium was isolated from a hydrothermal chimney in Prony Bay, New Caledonia. This strain, designated FatNI3T, grew at 15–55 °C (optimum 30 °C) and at pH 5.8–8.9 (optimum 7.7). It was slightly halophilic, requiring at least 0.5 % NaCl for growth (optimum 2.5–3.0 %), and was able to grow at up to 6 % NaCl. Sulfate, thiosulfate, elemental sulfur, sulfite, nitrate and nitrite were not used as terminal electron acceptors. Growth of strain FatNI3T was inhibited in the presence of sulfite (2 mM) or nitrite (2 mM). Strain FatNI3T fermented cellobiose, glucose, mannose, maltose, sucrose, galactose, lactose, ribose, fructose, rhamnose, raffinose, xylose, yeast extract, peptone and biotrypticase. The main fermentation products from glucose metabolism were acetate, ethanol, H2 and CO2. The predominant cellular fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C15 : 0. The main polar lipids consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, and unknown glycolipids and phospholipids. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 36.6 mol%. On the basis of phylogenetic and physiological properties, strain FatNI3T ( = DSM 25904 = JCM 18391) belonging to the phylum Firmicutes , class Clostridia , order Clostridiales , is proposed as the type strain of a novel species of the genus Vallitalea , for which the name Vallitalea pronyensis sp. nov. is proposed.

Characterization of Microaerobacter geothermalis gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel microaerophilic, nitrate- and nitrite-reducing thermophilic bacterium isolated from a terrestrial hot spring in Tunisia

Extremophiles ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 297-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadia Khelifi ◽  
Emna Ben Romdhane ◽  
Abdeljabbar Hedi ◽  
Anne Postec ◽  
Marie-Laure Fardeau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hot Spring ◽  
Thermophilic Bacterium ◽  
Nitrate And Nitrite ◽  
Terrestrial Hot Spring

scholarly journals Mucispirillum schaedleri gen. nov., sp. nov., a spiral-shaped bacterium colonizing the mucus layer of the gastrointestinal tract of laboratory rodents

2005 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 1199-1204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bronwyn R. Robertson ◽  
Jani L. O'Rourke ◽  
Brett A. Neilan ◽  
Peter Vandamme ◽  
Stephen L. W. On ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Mucus Layer ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
Laboratory Rodents ◽  
Distinct Lineage ◽  
High Level

The mammalian gastrointestinal tract is covered by a layer of mucus that can harbour a range of bacterial species specifically adapted to colonize this ecological niche. Examination of 110 bacterial isolates cultivated from the gastrointestinal tract of 23 mice revealed the presence of a subgroup of 30 isolates that did not correspond genetically with genera commonly associated with this site, i.e. members of the ε-Proteobacteria such as Helicobacter and Campylobacter species. Instead this group of isolates was found to lie within the phylum Deferribacteres, a completely distinct lineage in the domain Bacteria. There was a high level of consensus in results obtained from the phenotypic and genotypic characterization of a number of the isolates, which showed they were distinct from other members of the Deferribacteres. As such, they are proposed to constitute a new genus and species, Mucispirillum schaedleri gen. nov., sp. nov. These organisms are anaerobic, Gram-negative, spiral-shaped rods with bipolar flagella. The type strain is HRI I17T (=ATCC BAA-1009T=ACM 5223T).

scholarly journals Halarchaeum acidiphilum gen. nov., sp. nov., a moderately acidophilic haloarchaeon isolated from commercial solar salt

2010 ◽  
Vol 60 (11) ◽  
pp. 2513-2516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroaki Minegishi ◽  
Akinobu Echigo ◽  
Shuhei Nagaoka ◽  
Masahiro Kamekura ◽  
Ron Usami
Keyword(s):  
New Genus ◽  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
Solar Salt ◽  
The Family ◽  
Optimum Ph ◽  
The 16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Moderately Acidophilic

A novel halophilic archaeon, strain MH1-52-1T, was isolated from solar salt imported from Australia. Cells were pleomorphic, non-motile and Gram-negative. Strain MH1-52-1T required at least 3.0 M NaCl and 1 mM Mg2+ for growth. Strain MH1-52-1T was able to grow at pH 4.0–6.0 (optimum, pH 4.4–4.5) and 15–45 °C (optimum, 37 °C). The diether phospholipids phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylglycerol phosphate methyl ester, derived from both C20C20 and C20C25 archaeol, were present. Four unidentified glycolipids were also detected. The 16S rRNA gene sequence showed the highest similarity to that of Halobacterium noricense A1T (91.7 %); there were lower levels of similarity to other members of the family Halobacteriaceae. The G+C content of its DNA was 61.4 mol%. Based on our phenotypic, genotypic and phylogenetic analyses, it is proposed that the isolate should be classified as a representative of a new genus and species, for which the name Halarchaeum acidiphilum gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Halarchaeum acidiphilum is MH1-52-1T (=JCM 16109T =DSM 22442T =CECT 7534T).

Macellibacteroides fermentans gen. nov., sp. nov., a member of the family Porphyromonadaceae isolated from an upflow anaerobic filter treating abattoir wastewaters

2012 ◽  
Vol 62 (Pt_10) ◽  
pp. 2522-2527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Jabari ◽  
Hana Gannoun ◽  
Jean-Luc Cayol ◽  
Abdeljabbar Hedi ◽  
Mitsuo Sakamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Wall Structure ◽  
Phenotypic Properties ◽  
Fermentation Products ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Anaerobic Filter ◽  
Link Type ◽  
The Family ◽  
Typical Cell ◽  
Nitrate And Nitrite

A novel obligately anaerobic, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped mesophilic bacterium, which stained Gram-positive but showed the typical cell wall structure of Gram-negative bacteria, was isolated from an upflow anaerobic filter treating abattoir wastewaters in Tunisia. The strain, designated LIND7HT, grew at 20–45 °C (optimum 35–40 °C) and at pH 5.0–8.5 (optimum pH 6.5–7.5). It did not require NaCl for growth, but was able to grow in the presence of up to 2 % NaCl. Sulfate, thiosulfate, elemental sulfur, sulfite, nitrate and nitrite were not used as terminal electron acceptors. Strain LIND7HT used cellobiose, glucose, lactose, mannose, maltose, peptone, rhamnose, raffinose, sucrose and xylose as electron donors. The main fermentation products from glucose metabolism were lactate, acetate, butyrate and isobutyrate. The predominant cellular fatty acids were anteiso-C15 : 0, C15 : 0, C17 : 0 2-OH and a summed feature consisting of C18 : 2ω6,9c and/or anteiso-C18 : 0, and the major menaquinones were MK-9, MK-9(H2) and MK-10. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 41.4 mol%. Although the closest phylogenetic relatives of strain LIND7HT were Parabacteroides merdae , Parabacteroides goldsteinii and Parabacteroides gordonii , analysis of the hsp60 gene sequence showed that strain LIND7HT was not a member of the genus Parabacteroides . On the basis of phylogenetic inference and phenotypic properties, strain LIND7HT ( = CCUG 60892T = DSM 23697T = JCM 16313T) is proposed as the type strain of a novel species in a new genus within the family Porphyromonadaceae , Macellibacteroides fermentans gen. nov., sp. nov.

scholarly journals Thiovirga sulfuroxydans gen. nov., sp. nov., a chemolithoautotrophic sulfur-oxidizing bacterium isolated from a microaerobic waste-water biofilm

2005 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 1059-1064 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsukasa Ito ◽  
Kenichi Sugita ◽  
Isao Yumoto ◽  
Yoshinobu Nodasaka ◽  
Satoshi Okabe
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Electron Acceptor ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Elemental Sulfur ◽  
Physiological Data ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequences ◽  
Terminal Electron Acceptor ◽  
Optimum Ph ◽  
Sulfur Oxidizing

A novel mesophilic, chemolithoautotrophic, sulfur-oxidizing bacterium, designated strain SO07T, was isolated from a microaerobic waste-water biofilm. Chemolithoautotrophic growth was observed with elemental sulfur, sulfide and thiosulfate as sole electron donors and oxygen as electron acceptor. Anaerobic and heterotrophic growth were not observed. Nitrate was not used as a terminal electron acceptor. The optimum pH and temperature for growth were pH 7·5 and 30 °C, respectively. The major isoprenoid quinone was Q-8. The DNA G+C content of strain SO07T was 47·1 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences demonstrated that strain SO07T formed a monophyletic group in the γ-Proteobacteria with only 89 % similarity to members of the genus Halothiobacillus, its nearest phylogenetic neighbours. In addition, the isolate differed from members of the genus Halothiobacillus in its requirement for and tolerance of NaCl; strain SO07T was unable to grow in NaCl concentrations of more than 180 mM. On the basis of phylogenetic, chemotaxonomic and physiological data, it is proposed that isolate SO07T (=JCM 12417T=ATCC BAA-1033T) represents the type strain of a novel species in a new genus, Thiovirga sulfuroxydans gen. nov., sp. nov.

scholarly journals Paucimyces polynucleatus gen. nov, sp. nov., a novel polycentric genus of anaerobic gut fungi from the feces of a wild blackbuck antelope

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radwa A Hanafy ◽  
Noha H Youssef ◽  
Mostafa Elshahed
Keyword(s):  
New Genus ◽  
Ribosomal Subunit ◽  
Large Ribosomal Subunit ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Culture Independent ◽  
Spherical Vesicles ◽  
Sequence Similarities

The anaerobic gut fungi (AGF, phylum Neocallimastigomycota) reside in the alimentary tracts of herbivores. Multiple novel, yet-uncultured AGF taxa have recently been identified in culture-independent diversity surveys. Here, we report on the isolation and characterization of the first representative of the RH5 lineage from fecal samples of a wild blackbuck (Indian Antelope) from Sutton County, Texas, USA. The isolates displayed medium sized (2-4 mm) compact circular colonies on agar roll tubes and thin loose biofilm-like growth in liquid medium. Microscopic examination revealed monoflagellated zoospores and polycentric thalli with highly branched nucleated filamentous rhizomycelium, a growth pattern encountered in a minority of described AGF genera so far. The obtained isolates are characterized by formation of spherical vesicles at the hyphal tips from which multiple sporangia formed either directly on the spherical vesicles or at the end of sporangiophores. Phylogenetic analysis using the D1/D2 regions of the large ribosomal subunit (D/D2 LSU) and the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) revealed sequence similarities of 93.5%, and 81.3%, respectively, to the closest cultured relatives (Orpinomyces joyonii strain D3A (D1/D2 LSU), and Joblinomyces apicalis strain GFH681 (ITS1). Substrate utilization experiments using the type strain (BB-3) demonstrated growth capabilities on a wide range of mono-, oligo-, and polysaccharides, including glucose, xylose, mannose, fructose, cellobiose, sucrose, maltose, trehalose, lactose, cellulose, xylan, starch, and raffinose. We propose accommodating these novel isolates in a new genus and species, for which the name Paucimyces polynucleatus is proposed. The type species is strain BB-3.

scholarly journals Vallitalea guaymasensis gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from marine sediment

2013 ◽  
Vol 63 (Pt_8) ◽  
pp. 3019-3023 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raja Lakhal ◽  
Nathalie Pradel ◽  
Anne Postec ◽  
Moktar Hamdi ◽  
Bernard Ollivier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Phenotypic Properties ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Optimum Ph ◽  
Nitrate And Nitrite

A novel obligately anaerobic, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped mesophilic, halophilic, Gram-stain-negative bacterium, was isolated from sediments of Guaymas Basin. The strain, designated Ra1766G1T, grew at 20–40 °C (optimum, 30–35 °C) and at pH 6.0–8.0 (optimum, pH 6.5–7.5). It required 0.5–7.5 % NaCl (optimum, 2–3 %) for growth. Sulfate, thiosulfate, elemental sulfur, sulfite, fumarate, nitrate and nitrite were not used as terminal electron acceptors. Strain Ra1766G1T used cellobiose, glucose, mannose, maltose, arabinose, raffinose, galactose, ribose, sucrose, pyruvate and xylose as electron donors. The main fermentation product from glucose metabolism was acetate. The predominant cellular fatty acids were anteiso-C15 : 0, iso-C15 : 0, anteiso DMA-C15 : 0 and C16 : 0. The main polar lipids consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, iso-DMA-C15 : 0 glycolipids and phospholipids. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 31.2 mol%. The closest phylogenetic relatives of strain Ra1766G1T were Natranaerovirga pectinivora AP3T (92.4 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity), Natranaerovirga hydrolytica APP2T(90.2 %) and Defluviitalea saccharophila 6LT2T (88.9 %). On the basis of phylogenetic inference and phenotypic properties, strain Ra1766G1T represents a novel species of a new genus for which the name Vallitalea guaymasensis is proposed. The type strain of the type species is Ra1766G1T ( = DSM 24848T = JCM17997T).

scholarly journals Characterization of cyanobacteria isolated from thermal muds of Balaruc- Les-Bains (France) and description of a new genus and species Pseudochroococcus couteii

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte Duval ◽  
Sahima Hamlaoui ◽  
Berenice Piquet ◽  
Geraldine Toutirais ◽  
Claude Yepremian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Genus ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Taxonomic Diversity ◽  
Ecological Niches ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
Genetic Characteristics ◽  
Retention Basin ◽  
Metabolite Synthesis

Cyanobacteria are able to synthesize a high diversity of natural compounds that account for their success in the colonization of a variety of ecological niches. Many of them have beneficial properties. The mud from the thermal baths of Balaruc-Les-Bains, one of the oldest thermal baths in France, has long been recognized as a healing treatment for arthro-rheumatic diseases. To characterize the cyanobacteria living in these muds and the metabolites they potentially produce, several strains were isolated from the water column and biofilms of the retention basin and analyzed using a polyphasic approach. Morphological, ultrastructural and molecular (16S rRNA gene and 16S-23S ITS region sequencing) methods were employed to identify nine cyanobacterial strains belonging to the orders Chroococcales, Synechococcales, Oscillatoriales and Nostocales. The combination of morphological and genetic characteristics supported the description of a new genus and species with the type species as Pseudo-chroococcus couteii. The high taxonomic diversity in the muds of the thermal baths of Balaruc-Les-Bains along with literature reports of the potential for bioactive metabolite synthesis of these taxa allowed us to hypothesize that some of the metabolites produced by these strains could contribute to the therapeutic properties of the muds from Thermes de Balaruc-Les-Bains.

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