Herbaspirillum psychrotolerans sp. nov., a member of the family Oxalobacteraceae from a glacier forefield

2013 ◽  
Vol 63 (Pt_9) ◽  
pp. 3197-3203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felizitas Bajerski ◽  
Lars Ganzert ◽  
Kai Mangelsdorf ◽  
André Lipski ◽  
Hans-Jürgen Busse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Glacier Forefield ◽  
Link Type ◽  
The Family ◽  
Curved Rod ◽  
Type Strains

A novel psychrotolerant, Gram-negative, shiny white, curved-rod-shaped, facultatively anaerobic bacterium PB1T was isolated from a soil sample collected from a glacier forefield of the Larsemann Hills, East Antarctica. Isolate PB1T has catalase and low urease activity and hydrolyses gelatin and starch. Strain PB1T is able to grow between −5 °C and 30 °C with optimum growth at 14–20 °C. Glycerol, dl-arabinose, d-xylose, d-galactose, d-fructose, d-lyxose, d-fucose and potassium gluconate are used as sole carbon sources. The major quinone is ubiquinone Q-8. The major fatty acids (>10 %) for PB1T are C16 : 0 (19.1 %), C16 : 1ω7cis (44.6 %) and C18 : 1ω7cis (16.2 %). The major polyamines are putrescine [54.9 µmol (g dry weight)−1] and 2-hydroxy putrescine [18.5 µmol (g dry weight)−1]. DNA G+C content is 62.5 mol%. Strain PB1T is phylogenetically related to species of the genus Herbaspirillum , with highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities to Herbaspirillum canariense (97.3 %), Herbaspirillum aurantiacum (97.2 %), Herbaspirillum soli (97.2 %) and Herbaspirillum frisingense (97.0 %). The DNA–DNA relatedness values were below 30 % between PB1T and the type strains of Herbaspirillum canariense , Herbaspirillum aurantiacum and Herbaspirillum soli . The different geographical origin of strain PB1T from its closest phylogenetic relatives resulted in different phenotypic and genotypic specifications, whereby strain PBT represents a novel species of the genus Herbaspirillum , for which the name Herbaspirillum psychrotolerans is proposed. The type strain is PB1T (DSM 26001T = LMG 27282T).

Chryseobacterium frigidisoli sp. nov., a psychrotolerant species of the family Flavobacteriaceae isolated from sandy permafrost from a glacier forefield

2013 ◽  
Vol 63 (Pt_7) ◽  
pp. 2666-2671 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felizitas Bajerski ◽  
Lars Ganzert ◽  
Kai Mangelsdorf ◽  
Lisa Padur ◽  
André Lipski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Aerobic Bacterium ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Optimum Growth Temperature ◽  
Glacier Forefield ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Wide Range

During diversity studies of the glacier forefields of the Larsemann Hills, East Antarctica, a novel psychrotolerant, non-motile Gram-negative, shiny yellow, rod-shaped, aerobic bacterium, designated strain PB4T was isolated from a soil sample. Strain PB4T produces indole from tryptophan and hydrolyses casein. It grows between 0 and 25 °C with an optimum growth temperature of 20 °C. A wide range of substrates are used as sole carbon sources and acid is produced from numerous carbohydrates. The major menaquinone is MK-6. Identified polar lipids are ethanolamines and ornithine lipids. Major fatty acids (>10 %) are iso-C15 : 0 (13.0 %) and iso-2OH-C15 : 0 (51.2 %). G+C content is 33.7 mol%. The polyamine pattern is composed of sym-homospermidine (25.1 µmol g−1 dry weight), minor amounts of cadaverine (0.2 µmol g−1 dry weight) and spermidine (0.4 µmol g−1 dry weight) and traces of putrescine and spermine (<0.1 µmol g−1 dry weight). Strain PB4T had highest 16S rRNA gene similarities with the type strains of Chryseobacterium humi (97.0 %) and Chryseobacterium marinum (96.5 %). Considering phenotypic and genotypic characterization, strain PB4T represents a novel species in the genus Chryseobacterium (family Flavobacteriaceae ), for which the name Chryseobacterium frigidisoli sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is PB4T ( = DSM 26000T = LMG 27025T).

scholarly journals Jeotgalibaca dankookensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a member of the family Carnobacteriaceae, isolated from seujeot (Korean traditional food)

2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (Pt_5) ◽  
pp. 1729-1735 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong-Geol Lee ◽  
Martha E. Trujillo ◽  
Heecheol Kang ◽  
Tae-Young Ahn
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Traditional Food ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Polar Lipid Profile ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
The Family ◽  
Type Strains

A novel, Gram-stain-positive bacterium, designated strain EX-07T, was isolated from seujeot (Korean traditional food). The strain was aerobic, halotolerant and non-motile; it formed cocci that grouped into tetrads and sarcinae or formed irregular conglomerates. Growth occurred at pH 7–9, at 10–37 °C and with up to 9 % NaCl. Isolate EX-07T was catalase- and oxidase-negative and used sugars and organic acids as carbon sources. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of the novel strain showed 94.2–94.5 % similarity with the type strains of Trichococcus pasteurii , Trichococcus patagoniensis , Trichococcus collinsii , Trichococcus flocculiformis and Trichococcus palustris and only 92.2 % with representatives of the genera Bavariicoccus , Carnobacterium and Granulicatella . Sequence similarities based on the groEL gene ranged from 81.3 to 82.8 % between the novel isolate and the type strains of all species of the genus Trichococcus , and only 74.2 and 75.3 % with type strains of members of the genera Bavariicoccus and Granulicatella , respectively. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 39.6 mol%. The predominant fatty acids were C16 : 1ω9c, C18 : 1ω9c, C16 : 0 and C14 : 0. The polar lipid profile was very complex and included phosphatidylethanolamine and several unidentified aminolipids, glycolipids and phospholipids. Based on the genotypic and phenotypic results obtained in this study, it is proposed that isolate EX-07T represents a novel species of a new genus in the family Carnobacteriaceae for which the name Jeotgalibaca dankookensis gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Jeotgalibaca dankookensis is EX-07T ( = KCCM 90229T = JCM 19215T).

Namhaeicola litoreus gen. nov., sp. nov., a member of the family Flavobacteriaceae isolated from seawater

2012 ◽  
Vol 62 (Pt_9) ◽  
pp. 2163-2168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong-Taek Jung ◽  
Ji-Hoon Kim ◽  
So-Jung Kang ◽  
Tae-Kwang Oh ◽  
Jung-Hoon Yoon
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
The Family ◽  
Type Strains

A Gram-staining-negative, non-flagellated, non-gliding and pleomorphic bacterial strain, designated DPG-25T, was isolated from seawater in a seaweed farm in the South Sea in Korea and its taxonomic position was investigated by using a polyphasic approach. Strain DPG-25T grew optimally at 25 °C, at pH 7.0–7.5 and in the presence of 2 % (w/v) NaCl. Flexirubin-type pigments were not produced. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain DPG-25T formed a cluster with the type strains of Actibacter sediminis , Aestuariicola saemankumensis and Lutimonas vermicola . Strain DPG-25T exhibited 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity values of 95.3, 93.1 and 93.6 % to the type strains of Actibacter sediminis , Aestuariicola saemankumensis and L. vermicola , respectively. Strain DPG-25T contained MK-6 as the predominant menaquinone and iso-C15 : 0 and iso-C17 : 0 3-OH as the major fatty acids. The major polar lipids detected in strain DPG-25T were phosphatidylethanolamine and one unidentified lipid. The DNA G+C content was 39.9 mol%. Differential phenotypic properties and the phylogenetic distinctiveness of strain DPG-25T demonstrated that this strain is distinguishable from Actibacter sediminis , Aestuariicola saemankumensis and L. vermicola . On the basis of the data presented here, strain DPG-25T represents a novel species in a novel genus of the family Flavobacteriaceae , for which the name Namhaeicola litoreus gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Namhaeicola litoreus is DPG-25T ( = KCTC 23702T  = CCUG 61485T).

scholarly journals Melghirimyces algeriensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a member of the family Thermoactinomycetaceae , isolated from a salt lake

2012 ◽  
Vol 62 (Pt_7) ◽  
pp. 1491-1498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ammara Nariman Addou ◽  
Peter Schumann ◽  
Cathrin Spröer ◽  
Hocine Hacene ◽  
Jean-Luc Cayol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Salt Lake ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Phenotypic Analysis ◽  
Polar Lipid Profile ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
The Family ◽  
Type Strains ◽  
Sequence Similarities

A novel filamentous bacterium, designated NariEXT, was isolated from soil collected from Chott Melghir salt lake, which is located in the south-east of Algeria. The strain was an aerobic, halotolerant, thermotolerant, Gram-positive bacterium that was able to grow in NaCl concentrations up to 21 % (w/v), at 37–60 °C and at pH 5.0–9.5. The major fatty acids were iso- and anteiso-C15 : 0. The DNA G+C content was 47.3 mol%. The major menaquinone was MK-7, but MK-6 and MK-8 were also present. The polar lipid profile consisted of phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylmonomethylethanolamine (methyl-PE). Results of molecular and phenotypic analysis led to the description of the strain as a new member of the family Thermoactinomycetaceae . The isolate was distinct from members of recognized genera of this family by morphological, biochemical and chemotaxonomic characteristics. Strain NariEXT showed 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities of 95.38 and 94.28 % with the type strains of Desmospora activa and Kroppenstedtia eburnea , respectively, but differed from both type strains in its sugars, polar lipids and in the presence of methyl-PE. On the basis of physiological and phylogenetic data, strain NariEXT represents a novel species of a new genus of the family Thermoactinomycetaceae for which the name Melghirimyces algeriensis gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Melghirimyces algeriensis, the type species of the genus, is NariEXT ( = DSM 45474T = CCUG 59620T).

scholarly journals Seonamhaeicola aphaedonensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a member of the family Flavobacteriaceae isolated from a tidal flat sediment

2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (Pt_6) ◽  
pp. 1876-1881 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sooyeon Park ◽  
Sung-Min Won ◽  
Doo-Sang Park ◽  
Jung-Hoon Yoon
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Tidal Flat ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
The Family ◽  
Type Strains

A Gram-stain-negative, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterial strain, AH-M5T, which was isolated from a tidal flat sediment at Aphae Island in South Korea, was characterized taxonomically. Strain AH-M5T grew optimally at 25 °C, at pH 7.0–8.0 and in presence of 2.0 % (w/v) NaCl. Phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain AH-M5T clustered coherently with the type strains of Mangrovimonas yunxiaonensis and Meridianimaribacter flavus , showing 93.4–94.3 % sequence similarity. The novel strain exhibited 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity values of less than 93.4 % to the type strains of other recognized species. Strain AH-M5T contained MK-6 as the predominant menaquinone and iso-C15 : 1 G, iso-C15 : 0, iso-C17 : 0 3-OH and summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c) as the major fatty acids. The polar lipid profile of strain AH-M5T containing phosphatidylethanolamine and one unidentified lipid as major components was differentiated from those of the type strains of Mangrovimonas yunxiaonensis and Meridianimaribacter flavus . The DNA G+C content of strain AH-M5T was 34.8 mol%. Differential phenotypic properties, together with the phylogenetic and chemotaxonomic data, demonstrated that strain AH-M5T is distinguished from Mangrovimonas yunxiaonensis and Meridianimaribacter flavus . On the basis of the data presented, strain AH-M5T is considered to represent a novel genus and species within the family Flavobacteriaceae , for which the name Seonamhaeicola aphaedonensis gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of the type species is AH-M5T ( = KCTC 32578T = CECT 8487T).

Polycladomyces abyssicola gen. nov., sp. nov., a thermophilic filamentous bacterium isolated from hemipelagic sediment

2013 ◽  
Vol 63 (Pt_6) ◽  
pp. 1972-1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taishi Tsubouchi ◽  
Yasuhiro Shimane ◽  
Kozue Mori ◽  
Keiko Usui ◽  
Toshiki Hiraki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
The Family ◽  
Hemipelagic Sediment ◽  
Type Strains

A novel filamentous bacterium, designated strain JIR-001T, was isolated from hemipelagic sediment in deep seawater. This strain was non-motile, Gram-positive, aerobic, heterotrophic and thermophilic; colonies were of infinite form and ivory coloured with wrinkles between the centre and the edge of the colony on ISP2 medium. The isolate grew aerobically at 55–73 °C with the formation of aerial mycelia; spores were produced singly along the aerial mycelium. These morphological features show some similarities to those of the type strains of some species belonging to the family Thermoactinomycetaceae . Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences confirmed that strain JIR-001T belongs to the family Thermoactinomycetaceae within the class Bacilli . Similarity levels between the 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain JIR-001T and those of the type strains of Thermoactinomycetaceae species were 85.5–93.5 %; highest sequence similarity was with Melghirimyces algeriensis NariEXT. In the DNA–DNA hybridization assays between strain JIR-001T and its phylogenetic neighbours the mean hybridization levels with Melghirimyces algeriensis NariEXT, Planifilum fimeticola H0165T, Planifilum fulgidum 500275T and Planifilum yunnanense LA5T were 5.3–7.5, 2.3–4.7, 2.1–4.8 and 2.5–4.9 %, respectively. The DNA G+C content of strain JIR-001T was 55.1 mol%. The major fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0, iso-C17 : 0, iso-C16 : 0 and C16 : 0. The polar lipid profile consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylmonomethylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, glucolipid, phosphatidylserine, an amino-group containing phospholipid, an unknown phospholipid and two unknown lipids. The predominant menaquinone was MK-7 and the cell-wall peptidoglycan contained meso-diaminopimelic acid, glutamic acid and alanine. On the basis of phenotypic characteristics and 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons, strain JIR-001T is considered to represent a novel species in a new genus of the family Thermoactinomycetaceae , for which the name Polycladomyces abyssicola gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Polycladomyces abyssicola is JIR-001T ( = JCM 18147T = CECT 8074T).

Reclassification of Koreibacter algae as a later heterotypic synonym of Paraoerskovia marina and emended descriptions of the genus Paraoerskovia Khan et al. 2009 and of Paraoerskovia marina Khan et al. 2009

2013 ◽  
Vol 63 (Pt_1) ◽  
pp. 219-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Schumann ◽  
R. Pukall ◽  
C. Spröer ◽  
E. Stackebrandt
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Maldi Tof Mass Spectra ◽  
Peptidoglycan Structure ◽  
Lipid Pattern ◽  
Type Strains ◽  
Produce Acid

16S rRNA gene sequences deposited for the type strains of Paraoerskovia marina (CTT-37T; GenBank accession no. AB445007) and Koreibacter algae (DSW-2T; FM995611) show a similarity of 100 %. Consequently, the type strains were subjected to a polyphasic recharacterization under direct comparison in order to clarify their taxonomic position. PvuII RiboPrint patterns and quantitative ratios of cellular fatty acids revealed strain-specific differences between P. marina DSM 21750T ( = CTT-37T) and K. algae DSM 22126T ( = DSW-2T). The percentage of DNA–DNA binding of 94 % indicated that the two type strains belong to the same genomospecies. Agreement in the peptidoglycan structure and polar lipid pattern, highly similar fatty acid profiles and MALDI-TOF mass spectra, the ability to produce acid from the same carbon sources, corresponding enzymic activities and DNA G+C contents of 70.8±0.3 mol%, in addition to the consistent characteristics reported in the original descriptions, support the view that the two strains should be affiliated to the same species. According to Rules 38 and 42 of the Bacteriological Code, Koreibacter algae should be reclassified as later heterotypic synonym of Paraoerskovia marina , and the descriptions of the genus Paraoerskovia Khan et al. 2009 and of Paraoerskovia marina Khan et al. 2009 are emended accordingly.

scholarly journals Leekyejoonella antrihumi gen. nov., sp. nov., a new member of the family Dermacoccaceae isolated from a cave soil

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (5) ◽  
pp. 3340-3347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soon Dong Lee ◽  
In Seop Kim ◽  
Peter Schumann ◽  
Gwanpil Song
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Unidentified Phospholipid ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
The Family ◽  
Type Strains

A novel Gram-stain-positive, actinobacterial strain, designated C5-26T, was isolated from soil from a natural cave in Jeju, Republic of Korea, and its taxonomic position was investigated using a polyphasic approach. The organism was aerobic, and cells were non-spore-forming, non-motile cocci that occurred singly, in pairs, in triplets, in tetrads, in short chains or in irregular clusters. Colonies of the cells were circular, convex, entire and white. The peptidoglycan type was A4α with an l-Ser–d-Asp interpeptide bridge. The whole-cell sugars comprised glucose, rhamnose, mannose, arabinose, galactose and ribose. The major menaquinone was MK-8(H4). The polar lipids contained diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol and an unidentified phospholipid. The major fatty acids were iso-C16 : 0 and iso-C16 : 1 h. The size of the draft genome was 5.32 Mbp with depth of coverage of 161×. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 67.1 mol%. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the novel isolate belonged to the family Dermacoccaceae and formed a distinct subcluster at the base of the radiation of the genus Luteipulveratus . Highest sequence similarities of the novel isolate were found to the type strains of Luteipulveratus halotolerans (96.2 %), Branchiibius hedensis (95.4 %), Luteipulveratus mongoliensis (95.4 %) and Branchiibius cervicis (95.3 %). The whole genome-based phylogeny supported the novelty of the isolate at the genus level in the family Dermacoccaceae . On the basis of data from this polyphasic study, strain C5-26T (=KCTC 39632T=DSM 108676T) represents a novel species of a new genus in the family Dermacoccaceae , for which the name Leekyejoonella antrihumi gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed.

Blautia liquoris sp. nov., isolated from the mud in a fermentation cellar used for the production of Chinese strong-flavour liquor

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling-Fei Lu ◽  
Yang Yang ◽  
Li-Juan Chai ◽  
Zhen-Ming Lu ◽  
Li-Qiang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Trees ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Strictly Anaerobic ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
The Family

A novel Gram-positive, non-motile, non-flagellated, strictly anaerobic, non-spore-forming and dumbbell-shaped, coccoid- or chain-shaped bacterium, designated strain LZLJ-3T, was isolated from a mud fermentation cellar which has been used for the production of Chinese strong-flavour liquor for over 100 years. Strain LZLJ-3T grew at 20–40 °C (optimum, 37 °C), at pH 6.0–8.0 (optimum, pH 8.0) and with NaCl concentrations up to 1 % (w/v; optimum, 0 %). Phylogenetic trees established based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain LZLJ-3T belonged to the genus Blautia of the family Lachnospiraceae, with the highest sequence similarity to Blautia stercoris GAM6-1T (91.7 %) and Blautia faecicola KGMB01111T (91.7 %). Comparative genome analysis showed that the orthologous average nucleotide identity (OrthoANI) and genome-to-genome distance (GGD) values between strain LZLJ-3T and B. stercoris GAM6-1T were respectively 69.1 and 22.9 %; the OrthoANI and GGD values between strain LZLJ-3T and B. faecicola KGMB01111T were respectively 70.86 and 36 % . The DNA G+C content of strain LZLJ-3T genome was 42.1 mol%. The predominant celluar fatty acids (>10 %) of strain LZLJ-3T were C16 : 0 FAME (27.9 %), C14 : 0 FAME (17.6 %) and C16 : 0 DMA (13.0 %). Arabinose, glucose and maltose could be utilized by strain LZLJ-3T as sole carbon sources for growth, with weak utilization of raffinose and l-fucose. API ZYM analysis gave positive reactions with α-galactosidase, β-galactosidase, α-glucosidase and β-glucosidase. The major end product of glucose fermentation was acetic acid. Based on the results of phenotypic, genotypic and phylogenetic analyses, strain LZLJ-3T is considered to represent a novel species of Blautia , for which the name Blautia liquoris sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is LZLJ-3T (=KCTC 25163T=CGMCC 1.5299T=JCM 34225T).

Flavobacterium hydrocarbonoxydans sp. nov., isolated from polluted soil

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Da Min Jung ◽  
Yeong Seok Kim ◽  
Jeong Hwan Bang ◽  
Seung Bum Kim
Keyword(s):  
Related Species ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Cellular Fatty Acid ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Soil Isolate ◽  
Type Strains ◽  
The 16S Rrna Gene

This paper presents a polyphasic taxonomic study of a Gram-stain-negative bacterium designated GA093T, a soil isolate capable of benzo(α)pyrene degradation. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that strain GA093T is a member of the genus Flavobacterium , and formed an independent phylogenetic line while clustering with the type strains of Flavobacterium hibernum , Flavobacterium branchiarum and Flavobacterium hydatis . Strain GA093T was facultatively anaerobic, and could grow at 4–33 °C (optimum, 30 °C), at pH 6–11 (optimum, pH 7) and in the presence of 0–2 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 0 %). Strain GA093T was capable of producing acid from various carbon sources, which was comparable to other related species of Flavobacterium . The strain contained MK-6 as the only isoprenoid quinone, iso-C15 : 0 as the major cellular fatty acid, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylinositol as diagnostic polar lipids, and sym-homospermidine as the major polyamine. The chemotaxonomic properties of strain GA093T were consistent with the general properties of Flavobacterium except the presence of phosphatidylinositol, which distinguished it from other related species. The total stretch of the obtained genome of GA093T was 5.05 Mbp, and the DNA G+C content was 34.79 mol%. The genome contained genes potentially related to the degradation of aromatic hydrocarbons. On the basis of the present polyphasic analysis, strain GA093T was found to have properties that distunguished it as representing a novel species of the genus Flavobacterium , for which the name Flavobacterium hydrocarbonoxydans sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is GA093T (=KCTC 72594T=LMG 31760T).

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