scholarly journals Pseudomonas viciae sp. nov., isolated from rhizosphere of broad bean

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (9) ◽  
pp. 5012-5018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Zhao ◽  
Yinan Ma ◽  
Xiaogang Wu ◽  
Liqun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Broad Bean ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Aerobic Bacterium ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type

A Gram-stain-negative aerobic bacterium, strain 11K1T, was isolated from a rhizosphere soil of broad bean collected from Qujing, Yunnan, PR China and characterized by using polyphasic taxonomy. The bacterial cells of strain 11K1T were rod-shaped, motile by two polar flagella and positive for oxidase and catalase. Results of phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that the strain had the highest similarities to Pseudomonas thivervalensis DSM 13194T (99.52 %), Pseudomonas lini CFBP 5737T (99.45 %), Pseudomonas chlororaphis subsp. chlororaphi s NBRC 3904T (99.31 %), Pseudomonas kilonensis DSM 13647T (99.25 %) and Pseudomonas brassicacearum JCM11938T (99.24 %). Multilocus sequence analysis using the 16S rRNA, gyrB, rpoB and rpoD gene sequences demonstrated that strain 11K1T was a member of the Pseudomonas corrugata subgroup within the Pseudomonas fluorescens lineage, but was distant from all closely related species. The average nucleotide identity and in silico DNA–DNA hybridization values were lower than recommended thresholds of 95 and 70 %, respectively, for species delineation. The major isoprenoid quinone of strain 11K1T was ubiquinone (Q-9) and the major cellular fatty acids were C16 : 0, summed feature 3 (C16 : 1 ω7c/C16 : 1 ω6c), summed feature 8 (C18 : 1 ω7c/C18 : 1 ω6c) and C17 : 0 cyclo. The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, aminophospholipid and two unidentified lipids. Based on the results of phenotypic characterization, phylogenetic analysis and genome comparison, strain 11K1T represents a novel species of the genus Pseudomonas , for which the name Pseudomonas viciae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 11K1T (=GDMCC 1.1743T=KACC 21650T).

Rhizobium halophytocola sp. nov., isolated from the root of a coastal dune plant

2012 ◽  
Vol 62 (Pt_8) ◽  
pp. 1997-2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fehmida Bibi ◽  
Eu Jin Chung ◽  
Ajmal Khan ◽  
Che Ok Jeon ◽  
Young Ryun Chung
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Coastal Dune ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequences ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type

During a study of endophytic bacteria from coastal dune plants, a bacterial strain, designated YC6881T, was isolated from the root of Rosa rugosa collected from the coastal dune areas of Namhae Island, Korea. The bacterium was found to be Gram-staining-negative, motile, halophilic and heterotrophic with a single polar flagellum. Strain YC6881T grew at temperatures of 4–37 °C (optimum, 28–32 °C), at pH 6.0–9.0 (optimum, pH 7.0–8.0), and at NaCl concentrations in the range of 0–7.5 % (w/v) (optimum, 4–5 % NaCl). Strain YC6881T was catalase- and oxidase-positive and negative for nitrate reduction. According to phylogenetic analysis using 16S rRNA gene sequences, strain YC6881T belonged to the genus Rhizobium and showed the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of 96.9 % to Rhizobium rosettiformans , followed by Rhizobium borbori (96.3 %), Rhizobium radiobacter (96.1 %), Rhizobium daejeonense (95.9 %), Rhizobium larrymoorei (95.6 %) and Rhizobium giardinii (95.4 %). Phylogenetic analysis of strain YC6881T by recA, atpD, glnII and 16S–23S intergenic spacer (IGS) sequences all confirmed the phylogenetic arrangements obtained by using 16S rRNA gene sequences. Cross-nodulation tests showed that strain YC6881T was a symbiotic bacterium that nodulated Vigna unguiculata and Pisum sativum. The major components of the cellular fatty acids were C18 : 1ω7c (53.7 %), C19 : 0 cyclo ω8c (12.6 %) and C12 : 0 (8.1 %). The DNA G+C content was 52.8 mol%. Phenotypic and physiological tests with respect to carbon source utilization, antibiotic resistance, growth conditions, phylogenetic analyses of housekeeping genes recA, atpD and glnII, and fatty acid composition could be used to discriminate strain YC6881T from other species of the genus Rhizobium in the same sublineage. Based on the results obtained in this study, strain YC6881T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Rhizobium , for which the name Rhizobium halophytocola sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is YC6881T ( = KACC 13775T = DSM 21600T).

scholarly journals Genome-based reclassification of Bacillus cibi as a later heterotypic synonym of Bacillus indicus and emended description of Bacillus indicus

2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (Pt_11) ◽  
pp. 3804-3809 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha J. Stropko ◽  
Shannon E. Pipes ◽  
Jeffrey D. Newman
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequences ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Emended Description

While characterizing a related strain, it was noted that there was little difference between the 16S rRNA gene sequences of Bacillus indicus LMG 22858T and Bacillus cibi DSM 16189T. Phenotypic characterization revealed differences only in the utilization of mannose and galactose and slight variation in pigmentation. Whole genome shotgun sequencing and comparative genomics were used to calculate established phylogenomic metrics and explain phenotypic differences. The full, genome-derived 16S rRNA gene sequences were 99.74 % similar. The average nucleotide identity (ANI) of the two strains was 98.0 %, the average amino acid identity (AAI) was 98.3 %, and the estimated DNA–DNA hybridization determined by the genome–genome distance calculator was 80.3 %. These values are higher than the species thresholds for these metrics, which are 95 %, 95 % and 70 %, respectively, suggesting that these two strains should be classified as members of the same species. We propose reclassification of Bacillus cibi as a later heterotypic synonym of Bacillus indicus and an emended description of Bacillus indicus .

scholarly journals Massilia norwichensis sp. nov., isolated from an air sample

2015 ◽  
Vol 65 (Pt_1) ◽  
pp. 56-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana Orthová ◽  
Peter Kämpfer ◽  
Stefanie P. Glaeser ◽  
René Kaden ◽  
Hans-Jürgen Busse
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
Polar Lipid Profile ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type

A Gram-negative, rod-shaped and motile bacterial isolate, designated strain NS9T, isolated from air of the Sainsbury Centre for Visual Arts in Norwich, UK, was subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study including phylogenetic analyses based on partial 16S rRNA, gyrB and lepA gene sequences and phenotypic characterization. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of NS9T identified Massilia haematophila CCUG 38318T, M. niastensis 5516S-1T (both 97.7 % similarity), M. aerilata 5516S-11T (97.4 %) and M. tieshanensis TS3T (97.4 %) as the next closest relatives. In partial gyrB and lepA sequences, NS9T shared the highest similarities with M. haematophila CCUG 38318T (94.5 %) and M. aerilata 5516-11T (94.3 %), respectively. These sequence data demonstrate the affiliation of NS9T to the genus Massilia . The detection of the predominant ubiquinone Q-8, a polar lipid profile consisting of the major compounds diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylglycerol and a polyamine pattern containing 2-hydroxyputrescine and putrescine were in agreement with the assignment of strain NS9T to the genus Massilia . Major fatty acids were summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH), C16 : 0, C18 : 1ω7c and C10 : 0 3-OH. Dissimilarities in partial lepA and gyrB gene sequences as well as results from DNA–DNA hybridizations demonstrate that strain NS9T is a representative of an as-yet undescribed species of the genus Massilia that is also distinguished from its close relatives based on physiological and biochemical traits. Hence, we describe a novel species, for which we propose the name Massilia norwichensis sp. nov., with the type strain NS9T ( = CCUG 65457T = LMG 28164T).

Pseudomonas bijieensis sp. nov., isolated from cornfield soil

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingling Liang ◽  
Sai Wang ◽  
Ayizekeranmu Yiming ◽  
Luoyi Fu ◽  
Iftikhar Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
Guizhou Province ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Pr China ◽  
Genome Comparisons

Strain L22-9T, a Gram-stain-negative and rod-shaped bacterium, motile by one polar flagellum, was isolated from cornfield soil in Bijie, Guizhou Province, PR China. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, it was identified as a Pseudomonas species. Multilocus sequence analysis of concatenated 16S rRNA, gyrB, rpoB and rpoD gene sequences showed that strain L22-9T formed a clearly separated branch, located in a cluster together with Pseudomonas brassicacearum LMG 21623T, Pseudomonas kilonensis DSM 13647T and Pseudomonas thivervalensis DSM 13194T. Whole-genome comparisons based on average nucleotide identity (ANI) and digital DNA–DNA hybridization (dDDH) confirmed that strain L22-9T should be classified as a novel species. It was most closely related to P. kilonensis DSM 13647T with ANI and dDDH values of 91.87 and 46.3 %, respectively. Phenotypic features that can distinguish strain L22-9T from P. kilonensis DSM 13647T are the assimilation ability of N-acetyl-d-glucosamine, poor activity of arginine dihydrolase and failure to ferment ribose and d-fucose. The predominant cellular fatty acids of strain L22-9T are C16 : 0, summed feature 3 (C16 : 1 ω6c and/or C16 : 1 ω7c) and summed feature 8 (C18 : 1 ω7c and/or C18 : 1 ω6c). The respiratory quinones consist of Q-9 and Q-8. The polar lipids are diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, two unidentified phosphoglycolipids, two unidentified aminophospholipids and an unidentified glycolipid. Based on the evidence, we conclude that strain L22-9T represents a novel species, for which the name Pseudomonas bijieensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is L22-9T (=CGMCC 1.18528T=LMG 31948T), with a DNA G+C content of 60.85 mol%.

Reclassification of Parvularcula flava as Aquisalinus luteolus nom. nov. and emended description of the genus Aquisalinus

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun-Jie Ying ◽  
Zhi-Cheng Wu ◽  
Yuan-Chun Fang ◽  
Lin Xu ◽  
Cong Sun
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Comparative Genomic ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequences ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Type Strains

Parvularcula flava was proposed as a novel member of genus Parvularcula in 2016. Some time earlier, Aquisalinus flavus has been proposed as a novel species of a novel genus named Aquisalinus . When comparing the 16S rRNA gene sequences of type strains P. flava NH6-79T and A. flavus D11M-2T, they showed 97.9 % sequence identity, much higher than the sequence identities 92.7–94.3 % between P. flava NH6-79T and type strains in the genus Parvularcula , indicating that the later proposed novel taxon Parvularcula flava need reclassification. The phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA gene sequences and genome sequences both showed that P. flava NH6-79T and A. flavus D11M-2T formed a separated branch away from strains in the genera Parvularcula , Marinicaulis and Amphiplicatus . The average amino acid identity and average nucleotide identity values of P. flava NH6-79T and A. flavus D11M-2T were 87.9 and 85.0 %, respectively, much higher than the values between P. flava NH6-79T and other closely related type strains (54.3 %–58.1 % and 68.6–70.4 %, respectively). P. flava NH6-79T and A. flavus D11M-2T also contained summed feature 8 (C18 : 1  ω6c and/or C18 : 1  ω7c) and C16 : 0 as major fatty acids, distinguishing them from other closely related taxa. Based on the results of the phylogenetic, comparative genomic and phenotypic analyses, Parvularcula flava should be reclassified as Aquisalinus luteolus nom. nov. and the description of genus Aquisalinus is emended.

scholarly journals Halostagnicola bangensis sp. nov., an alkaliphilic haloarchaeon from a soda lake

2015 ◽  
Vol 65 (Pt_3) ◽  
pp. 754-759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulina Corral ◽  
Angela Corcelli ◽  
Antonio Ventosa
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Dna Hybridization ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Soda Lake ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Polar Lipid Profile ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type

An extremely haloalkaphilic archaeon, strain T26T, belonging to the genus Halostagnicola , was isolated from sediment of the soda lake Bange in the region of Tibet, China. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities showed that strain T26T was closely related to Halostagnicola alkaliphila 167-74T (98.4 %), Halostagnicola larsenii XH-48T (97.5 %) and Halostagnicola kamekurae 194-10T (96.8 %). Strain T26T grew optimally in media containing 25 % (w/v) salts, at pH 9.0 and 37 °C in aerobic conditions. Mg2+ was not required for growth. The cells were motile, pleomorphic and Gram-stain-variable. Colonies of this strain were pink pigmented. Hypotonic treatment caused cell lysis. The polar lipids of the isolate consisted of C20C20 and C20C25 derivatives of phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol phosphate methyl ester and minor phospholipids components. Glycolipids were not detected, in contrast to the two neutrophilic species of this genus. The genomic DNA G+C content of strain T26T was 60.1 mol% and DNA–DNA hybridization showed a relatedness of 19 and 17 % with Halostagnicola alkaliphila CECT 7631T and Halostagnicola larsenii CECT 7116T, respectively. The comparison of 16S rRNA gene sequences, detailed phenotypic characterization, polar lipid profile and DNA–DNA hybridization studies revealed that strain T26T belongs to the genus Halostagnicola , and represents a novel species for which the name Halostagnicola bangensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is T26T ( = CECT 8219T = IBRC-M 10759T = JCM 18750T).

Paracoccus huijuniae sp. nov., an amide pesticide-degrading bacterium isolated from activated sludge of a wastewater biotreatment system

2013 ◽  
Vol 63 (Pt_3) ◽  
pp. 1132-1137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Na Sun ◽  
Jun Zhang ◽  
Soon-Wo Kwon ◽  
Jian He ◽  
Shun-Gui Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Amide Bond ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type

A facultatively anaerobic, non-spore-forming, non-motile, catalase- and oxidase-positive, Gram-reaction-negative, coccoid to short rod-shaped strain, designated FLN-7T, was isolated from activated sludge of a wastewater biotreatment facility. The strain was able to hydrolyse amide pesticides (e.g. diflubenzuron, propanil, chlorpropham and dimethoate) through amide bond cleavage. Strain FLN-7T grew at 4–42 °C (optimum 28 °C), at pH 5.0–8.0 (optimum pH 7.0) and with 0–5.0 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum 1.0 %). The major respiratory quinone was ubiquinone-10. The major cellular fatty acid was C18 : 1ω7c. The genomic DNA G+C content of strain FLN-7T was 66.4±0.5 mol%. The major polar lipids were phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine and an unidentified glycolipid. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain FLN-7T was a member of the genus Paracoccus and showed highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities with Paracoccus aminovorans JCM 7685T (99.2 %), P. denitrificans DSM 413T (97.8 %), P. yeei CDC G1212T (97.3 %) and P. thiocyanatus THI 011T (97.1 %). Strain FLN-7T showed low DNA–DNA relatedness with P. aminovorans KACC 12261T (36.5±3.4 %), P. denitrificans KACC 12251T (30.5±2.6 %), P. yeei CCUG 46822T (26.2±2.4 %) and P. thiocyanatus KACC 13901T (15.5±0.9 %). Based on the phylogenetic analysis, DNA–DNA hybridization, whole-cell fatty acid composition and biochemical characteristics, strain FLN-7T was clearly distinguished from all recognized species of the genus Paracoccus and should be classified in a novel species, for which the name Paracoccus huijuniae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is FLN-7T ( = KACC 16242T  = ACCC 05690T).

Sphingobium fontiphilum sp. nov., isolated from a freshwater spring

2013 ◽  
Vol 63 (Pt_5) ◽  
pp. 1906-1911 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shih-Yi Sheu ◽  
Yu-Wen Shiau ◽  
Yan-Ting Wei ◽  
Wen-Ming Chen
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequences ◽  
Phenotypic Data ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type

To investigate the biodiversity of bacteria in the spring water of the Chengcing Lake Park in Taiwan, a Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped, non-motile, non-spore-forming and aerobic bacterial strain, designated strain Chen16-4T, was isolated and characterized in a taxonomic study using a polyphasic approach. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the closest relatives of strain Chen16-4T were Sphingobium amiense YTT, Sphingobium yanoikuyae GIFU 9882T and Sphingobium scionense WP01T, with sequence similarities of 97.6, 97.1 and 97.0 %, respectively. A phylogenetic tree obtained with 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain Chen16-4T and these three closest relatives formed an independent phylogenetic clade within the genus Sphingobium . The polar lipid pattern, the presence of spermidine and ubiquinone Q-10, the predominance of C18 : 1ω7c in the cellular fatty acid profile and the DNA G+C content also supported affiliation of the isolate to the genus Sphingobium . The DNA–DNA relatedness of strain Chen16-4T with respect to recognized species of the genus Sphingobium was less than 70 %. On the basis of the genotypic, chemotaxonomic and phenotypic data, strain Chen16-4T represents a novel species in the genus Sphingobium , for which the name Sphingobium fontiphilum sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is Chen16-4T ( = BCRC 80308T = LMG 26342T = KCTC 23559T).

Acinetobacter kookii sp. nov., isolated from soil

2013 ◽  
Vol 63 (Pt_12) ◽  
pp. 4402-4406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji Young Choi ◽  
Gwangpyo Ko ◽  
Weonghwa Jheong ◽  
Geert Huys ◽  
Harald Seifert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type

Two Gram-stain-negative, non-fermentative bacterial strains, designated 11-0202T and 11-0607, were isolated from soil in South Korea, and four others, LUH 13522, LUH 8638, LUH 10268 and LUH 10288, were isolated from a beet field in Germany, soil in the Netherlands, and sediment of integrated fish farms in Malaysia and Thailand, respectively. Based on 16S rRNA, rpoB and gyrB gene sequences, they are considered to represent a novel species of the genus Acinetobacter . Their 16S rRNA gene sequences showed greatest pairwise similarity to Acinetobacter beijerinckii NIPH 838T (97.9–98.4 %). They shared highest rpoB and gyrB gene sequence similarity with Acinetobacter johnsonii DSM 6963T and Acinetobacter bouvetii 4B02T (85.4–87.6 and 78.1–82.7 %, respectively). Strain 11-0202T displayed low DNA–DNA reassociation values (<40 %) with the most closely related species of the genus Acinetobacter . The six strains utilized azelate, 2,3-butanediol, ethanol and dl-lactate as sole carbon sources. Cellular fatty acid analyses showed similarities to profiles of related species of the genus Acinetobacter : summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c, C16 : 1ω6c; 24.3–27.2 %), C18 : 1ω9c (19.9–22.1 %), C16 : 0 (15.2–22.0 %) and C12 : 0 (9.2–14.2 %). On the basis of the current findings, it is concluded that the six strains represent a novel species, for which the name Acinetobacter kookii sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 11-0202T ( = KCTC 32033T = JCM 18512T).

scholarly journals Zhongshania aliphaticivorans sp. nov., an aliphatic hydrocarbon-degrading bacterium isolated from marine sediment, and transfer of Spongiibacter borealis Jang et al. 2011 to the genus Zhongshania as Zhongshania borealis comb. nov.

2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (Pt_11) ◽  
pp. 3768-3774 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naysim LO ◽  
Hyo Jung Kang ◽  
Che Ok Jeon
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Type Strain ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Aerobic Bacterium ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Gram Staining ◽  
Degrading Bacterium

A Gram-staining-negative, facultatively aerobic bacterium, designated SM-2T, was isolated from a sea-tidal flat of Yellow Sea, South Korea. Cells were catalase- and oxidase-positive motile rods with a single polar flagellum. Growth of strain SM-2T was observed at 10–37 °C (optimum, 25–30 °C), at pH 5.5–8.5 (optimum, pH 7.0–7.5) and in the presence of 0–11 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 2 %). Strain SM-2T contained ubiquinone-8 (Q-8) as the sole isoprenoid quinone and C17 : 1ω8c, summed feature 3 (comprising C16 : 1ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH), C17 : 0 and C18 : 1ω7c as the major fatty acids. Phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol and an unidentified lipid were identified as the major cellular polar lipids. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 52.2 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain SM-2T formed a tight phyletic lineage with Zhongshania antarctica ZS5-23T, Zhongshania guokunii ZS6-22T and Spongiibacter borealis CL-AS9T, but that S. borealis CL-AS9T was distinct from other species of the genus Spongiibacter . Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities, strain SM-2T was most closely related to S. borealis CL-AS9T, Z. antarctica ZS5-23T and Z. guokunii ZS6-22T, with similarities of 99.5 %, 98.9 % and 98.7 %, respectively, but the DNA–DNA hybridization values among these species were clearly lower than 70 %. On the basis of chemotaxonomic data and molecular properties, we propose strain SM-2T represents a novel species of the genus Zhongshania with the name Zhongshania aliphaticivorans sp. nov. (type strain SM-2T = KACC 18120T = JCM 30138T). We also propose the transfer of Spongiibacter borealis Jang et al. 2011 to the genus Zhongshania as Zhongshania borealis comb. nov. (type strain CL-AS9T = KCCM 90094T = JCM 17304T).

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