scholarly journals Training Pediatric Residents to Provide Smoking Cessation Counseling to Parents

2005 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 410-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca L. Collins ◽  
Sandy D'Angelo ◽  
Sarah D. Stearns ◽  
Lynn R. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Tobacco Exposure ◽  
Smoking Cessation Counseling ◽  
Pediatric Residents ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
History Of ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Didactic Presentation

The objective was to assess the effectiveness of a smoking cessation educational program on pediatric residents' counseling. Residents were randomly selected to receive the intervention. Residents who were trained were compared to untrained residents. Self-reported surveys and patient chart reviews were used. Measures included changes in self-reported knowledge, attitudes and behaviors of residents, and differences in chart documentation and caretaker-reported physician counseling behaviors. The intervention was multidimensional including a didactic presentation, a problem-solving session, clinic reminders, and provision of patient education materials. Results showed that residents who were trained were more likely to ask about tobacco use in their patients' households. They were also more likely to advise caretakers to cut down on or to quit smoking, to help set a quit date, and to follow up on the advice given at a subsequent visit. Trained residents were more likely to record a history of passive tobacco exposure in the medical record. These residents also reported improved confidence in their counseling skills and documented that they had done such counseling more often than did untrained residents. Caretakers of pediatric patients who smoke seen by intervention residents were more likely to report that they had received tobacco counseling. Following this intervention, pediatric residents significantly improved their behaviors, attitudes, and confidence in providing smoking cessation counseling to parents of their pediatric patients.

scholarly journals Prospective, Randomized, Controlled Trial Using Best-Selling Smoking-Cessation Book

2017 ◽  
Vol 96 (7) ◽  
pp. 258-263
Author(s):  
James P. Foshee ◽  
Anita Oh ◽  
Adam Luginbuhl ◽  
Joseph Curry ◽  
William Keane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Smoking Cessation Counseling ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
Stop Smoking ◽  
Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial

Our prospective, randomized, controlled trial aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the self-help book, The Easy Way to Stop Smoking, by Allen Carr, in promoting smoking cessation in patients with head and neck cancer. We assessed active smokers for their willingness to read a smoking cessation book. Participants were randomized to either receive the book from our department or recommended to purchase the book. All patients received smoking cessation counseling at recruitment. Phone surveys were conducted at short- and long-term intervals to determine if the patients had purchased and/or read the book and whether they were still smoking. One hundred twelve patients were recruited, 52 of whom completed follow-up surveys. Those who received the book for free were more likely to read the book (p = 0.05). Reading the book did not correlate with successful smoking cessation (p = 0.81). Some 26% of the 27 patients who received the book quit smoking compared with 32% of the 25 patients who were recommended the book (p = 0.76). Patients who indicated motivation to quit smoking were more likely to succeed. In our study, smoking cessation did not appear to be influenced by reading The Easy Way to Stop Smoking. Despite 80.8% of the cohort indicating at least a readiness to quit smoking at recruitment, only 28.8% of patients managed to achieve successful smoking cessation at long-term follow-up. Patient motivation remains an important factor in achieving long-term smoking abstinence. Quitting smoking remains a daunting challenge for patients, with multiple interventions likely needed to achieve cessation.

Evaluation of a Web-Based Training in Smoking Cessation Counseling Targeting U.S. Eye-Care Professionals

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taghrid Asfar ◽  
David J. Lee ◽  
Byron L. Lam ◽  
Ann P. Murchison ◽  
Eileen L. Mayro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Participation Rate ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Eye Care ◽  
Smoking Cessation Counseling ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
Promote Smoking Cessation ◽  
Counseling Practices

Background. Smoking causes blindness-related diseases. Eye-care providers are uniquely positioned to help their patients quit smoking. Aims. Using a pre-/postevaluation design, this study evaluated a web-based training in smoking cessation counseling targeting eye-care providers. Method. The training was developed based on the 3A1R protocol: “Ask about smoking, Advise to quit, Assess willingness to quit, and Refer to tobacco quitlines,” and made available in the form of a web-based video presentation. Providers ( n = 654) at four academic centers were invited to participate. Participants completed pretraining, posttraining, and 3-month follow-up surveys. Main outcomes were self-reported improvement in their motivation, confidence, and counseling practices at 3-month follow-up. Generalized linear mixed models for two time-points (pretraining and 3-month) were conducted for these outcomes. Results. A total of 113 providers (54.0% males) participated in the study (17.7% response rate). At the 3-month evaluation, 9.8% of participants reported improvement in their motivation. With respect to the 3A1R, 8% reported improvement in their confidence for Ask, 15.5% for Advise, 28.6% for Assess, and 37.8% for Refer. Similarly, 25.5% reported improvement in their practices for Ask, 25.5% for Advise, 37.2% for Assess, and 39.4% for Refer to tobacco quitlines ( p < .001 for all except for Refer confidence p = .05). Discussion. Although participation rate was low, the program effectively improved providers’ smoking cessation counseling practices. Conclusions. Including training in smoking cessation counseling in ophthalmology curriculums, and integrating the 3A1R protocol into the electronic medical records systems in eye-care settings, might promote smoking cessation practices in these settings.

scholarly journals Association of Stress Management with Success of Smoking Cessation in Korean Female Emotional Labor Workers for Service and Sales

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 3023
Author(s):  
Haena Kim ◽  
Kang-Sook Lee
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Stress Management ◽  
Emotional Labor ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Stress Tests ◽  
Smoking Cessation Counseling ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Quit Smoking

Emotional labor is paid work that involves managing and regulating one’s emotions during the job including evoking and suppressing one’s feelings. This study examined the factors associated with successful smoking cessation through tailored smoking cessation counseling including stress management among female emotional labor workers. The study was conducted from 1 September 2015 to 31 December 2017. A total of 2674 women registered in the Comprehensive Smoking Cessation Service System and were grouped as either emotional labor workers for service and sales (1002) or other occupations (1672) for analysis. The participants received nine sessions of face-to-face and telephone smoking cessation counseling over 6 months, and follow-up assessments were conducted 4, 6, 12, and 24 weeks after counseling. Smoking cessation counseling involved a stress management program comprising stress tests, depression tests, color therapy, and a buddy program including peer support. Factors associated with successful smoking cessation included the number of counseling sessions, motivation rulers (Importance, Confidence, Readiness), average daily smoking amount, expired carbon monoxide (CO), and nicotine dependence. The most associated factor was the number of counseling sessions. Since counseling focused on stress management, it was the most important factor in smoking cessation, and continuous counseling could help those wanting to quit smoking.

scholarly journals Prospective, Randomized, Controlled Trial using Best-Selling Smoking-Cessation Book

2017 ◽  
Vol 96 (7) ◽  
pp. 258-262
Author(s):  
James P. Foshee ◽  
Anita Oh ◽  
Adam Luginbuhl ◽  
Joseph Curry ◽  
William Keane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Smoking Cessation Counseling ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
Stop Smoking ◽  
Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial

Our prospective, randomized, controlled trial aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the self-help book, The Easy Way to Stop Smoking, by Allen Carr, in promoting smoking cessation in patients with head and neck cancer. We assessed active smokers for their willingness to read a smoking cessation book. Participants were randomized to either receive the book from our department or recommended to purchase the book. All patients received smoking cessation counseling at recruitment. Phone surveys were conducted at short- and long-term intervals to determine if the patients had purchased and/or read the book and whether they were still smoking. One hundred twelve patients were recruited, 52 of whom completed follow-up surveys. Those who received the book for free were more likely to read the book (p = 0.05). Reading the book did not correlate with successful smoking cessation (p = 0.81). Some 26% of the 27 patients who received the book quit smoking compared with 32% of the 25 patients who were recommended the book (p = 0.76). Patients who indicated motivation to quit smoking were more likely to succeed. In our study, smoking cessation did not appear to be influenced by reading The Easy Way to Stop Smoking. Despite 80.8% of the cohort indicating at least a readiness to quit smoking at recruitment, only 28.8% of patients managed to achieve successful smoking cessation at long-term follow-up. Patient motivation remains an important factor in achieving long-term smoking abstinence. Quitting smoking remains a daunting challenge for patients, with multiple interventions likely needed to achieve cessation.

scholarly journals Effect of frailty on treatment, hospitalisation and death in patients with chronic heart failure

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Sze ◽  
P. Pellicori ◽  
J. Zhang ◽  
J. Weston ◽  
I. B. Squire ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Chronic Heart Failure ◽  
Clinical Frailty Scale ◽  
Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Reduced Ejection Fraction ◽  
Frail Patients ◽  
History Of ◽  
Poor Outcomes ◽  
To Receive

Abstract Background Frailty is common in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) and is associated with poor outcomes. The natural history of frail patients with CHF is unknown. Methods Frailty was assessed using the clinical frailty scale (CFS) in 467 consecutive patients with CHF (67% male, median age 76 years, median NT-proBNP 1156 ng/L) attending a routine follow-up visit. Those with CFS > 4 were classified as frail. We investigated the relation between frailty and treatments, hospitalisation and death in patients with CHF. Results 206 patients (44%) were frail. Of 291 patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction (HeFREF), those who were frail (N = 117; 40%) were less likely to receive optimal treatment, with many not receiving a renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system inhibitor (frail: 25% vs. non-frail: 4%), a beta-blocker (16% vs. 8%) or a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (50% vs 41%). By 1 year, there were 56 deaths and 322 hospitalisations, of which 25 (45%) and 198 (61%), respectively, were due to non-cardiovascular (non-CV) causes. Most deaths (N = 46, 82%) and hospitalisations (N = 215, 67%) occurred in frail patients. Amongst frail patients, 43% of deaths and 64% of hospitalisations were for non-CV causes; 58% of cardiovascular (CV) deaths were due to advancing HF. Among non-frail patients, 50% of deaths and 57% of hospitalisations were for non-CV causes; all CV deaths were due to advancing HF. Conclusion Frailty in patients with HeFREF is associated with sub-optimal medical treatment. Frail patients are more likely to die or be admitted to hospital, but whether frail or not, many events are non-CV. Graphical abstract

scholarly journals 1339. Antibiotic Prescribing Varies among Patients with a Documented Penicillin or Cephalosporin Adverse Drug Reaction

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S681-S681
Author(s):  
Brian R Lee ◽  
Jason Newland ◽  
Jennifer Goldman
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Antibiotic Prescribing ◽  
Hospitalized Children ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Research Support ◽  
Point Prevalence Study ◽  
History Of ◽  
Gi Infections ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Indication For Treatment

Abstract Background Studies have shown that over half of hospitalized children receive an antibiotic during their encounter, of which between 30-50% is considered inappropriate. Antibiotic prescribing is further complicated as approximately 10% of children are labeled beta-lactam allergic, resulting in the use of either broad-spectrum or suboptimal therapy. The purpose of this study was to compare antibiotic prescribing between patients with a documented ADR vs. those without using a nationwide sample of hospitalized children. Methods We performed a point prevalence study among 32 hospitals between July 2016-December 2017 where data were collected via chart review on pediatric patient and antimicrobial characteristics, including the indication for all antimicrobials. In additional, ADR history data were collected on which antimicrobial(s) were documented (e.g., penicillin, cephalosporins). Patients were mutually assigned into either: 1) no documented ADR; 2) penicillin ADR-only; 3) cephalosporin ADR-only; and 4) ADR for both penicillin and cephalosporin. The distribution of antibiotics were compared between the ADR groups, stratified by the indication for treatment. Results A total of 12,250 pediatric patients (17,929 antibiotic orders) who were actively receiving antibiotics were identified. A history of penicillin and cephalosporin ADR was documented in 5.5% and 2.8% of these patients, respectively. When compared to patients with no documented ADR, penicillin ADR patients were more likely to receive a fluoroquinolone for a SSTI infection (odds ratio [OR]: 5.6), surgical prophylaxis (OR: 18.8) or for surgical treatment (OR: 5.2) (see Figure). Conversely, penicillin ADR patients were less likely to receive first-line agents, such as narrow-spectrum penicillin for bacterial LRTI (OR: 0.08) and piperacillin/tazobactam for GI infections (OR: 0.22). Cephalosporin ADR patients exhibited similar patterns with increased use of carbapenems and fluoroquinolones when compared to patients with no ADR. Figure 1: Odds of Receiving Select Antimicrobials Among PCN ADR Patients When Compared to Non-ADR patients, by Indication Conclusion A large, nationwide sample of pediatric patients who were actively prescribed antibiotics helped identify several diagnoses where comprehensive guidelines for appropriate ADR prescribing and increased ADR de-labeling initiatives are needed to ensure optimal treatment. Disclosures Brian R. Lee, MPH, PhD, Merck (Grant/Research Support) Jason Newland, MD, MEd, FPIDS, Merck (Grant/Research Support)Pfizer (Other Financial or Material Support, Industry funded clinical trial)

scholarly journals Characteristics and Predictors of Abstinence Among Smokers of a Smoking Cessation Clinic in Hunan China

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yina Hu ◽  
Jianghua Xie ◽  
Xiaochang Chang ◽  
Jianhua Chen ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Operational Experience ◽  
Individual Counseling ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
Binary Regression Analysis ◽  
Counseling And Assessment ◽  
Cessation Clinic ◽  
Smoking Cessation Clinic

Background: More than 300 million smokers make China the largest cigarette consumer globally, which is a huge economic burden. Smoking cessation (SC) clinics can offer counseling and follow-up services. The operational experience of SC clinics in China needs to be summarized and improved based on research evidence.Purpose: The objectives of this study were to describe quit rates among attendees of SC clinics in Hunan and assess predictors of successful SC.Methods: The participants in this study were smokers who visited the SC clinic of Hunan Cancer Hospital from February 1, 2015 to September 30, 2018. Individuals who received individual counseling and assessment from the SC clinic staff and were willing to quit smoking were eligible for inclusion. Those with critical illness or cancer were excluded. Application of smoking cessation clinic registration form (unified by Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention) was used to assess participants at the consultation. Follow-ups and counseling were performed over telephone at 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months after the initial cessation consultation or in times of need. Successful SC was checked for at 3 months after the start of SC.Results: A total of 328 smokers (mean age 45.67 ± 12.38 years) had participated. The abstinence rate at 3 months was 28.4%. Binary regression analysis revealed significant independent predictors to be the total numbers of SC follow up sessions, previous SC attempts, and participants' decision on when to quit smoking (The relative to quit immediately group, quit within 30 days, quit after 30 days, and undecided quit were less likely to succeed in quitting. while quit within seven days had no statistical significance.Conclusion: SC clinics can achieve a desirably high quit rate. Participant's previous attempts at quitting, three or more follow-ups, and the decision to quit immediately or within seven days were factors helpful in predicting the success of SC.

scholarly journals Implementation of a proactive referral tool for child healthcare professionals to encourage and facilitate parental smoking cessation in the Netherlands: a mixed-methods study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tessa Scheffers-van Schayck ◽  
Bethany Hipple Walters ◽  
Roy Otten ◽  
Marloes Kleinjan
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Counseling Program ◽  
Smoking Cessation Counseling ◽  
Healthcare Settings ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
Child Healthcare ◽  
Referral Tool ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Recently, the parent-tailored telephone based smoking cessation counseling program ‘Smoke-free Parents’ was shown to be effective in helping parents to quit smoking. To implement this program in child healthcare settings in the Netherlands, the research team developed a proactive referral tool to refer parents to Smoke-free Parents. The aim of the present implementation study was to explore the facilitators, barriers, and suggestions for improvement in the implementation of this referral tool. Methods Child healthcare professionals (N = 68) were recruited via multiple strategies (e.g., social media, mailings, and word of mouth among healthcare professionals) and invited to complete two online (quantitative and qualitative) questionnaires and to participate in a telephone semi-structured qualitative interview between April 2017 and February 2019. In total, 65 child healthcare professionals were included in the analyses. After inductive coding, thematic analyses were performed on the qualitative data. Descriptive analyses were performed on the quantitative data. Results The data from both questionnaires and the telephone interview revealed that the majority of the child healthcare professionals (92.3 % female; average years of working as a healthcare professional: 23.0) found the Smoke-free Parents referral tool accessible and convenient to use. Yet there were several barriers that limited their use of the tool. The data revealed that one of the main barriers that healthcare professionals experienced was parental resistance to smoking cessation assistance. In addition, healthcare professionals noted that they experienced tension when motivating parents to quit smoking, as they were not the parent’s, but the child’s healthcare provider. Additionally, healthcare professionals reported being concerned about the lack of information about the costs of Smoke-free Parents, which limited professionals referring parents to the service. Conclusions Although healthcare professionals reported rather positive experiences with the Smoke-free Parents referral tool, the use of the tool was limited due to barriers. To increase the impact of the Smoke-free Parents telephone-based smoking cessation counseling program via child healthcare settings, it is important to overcome these barriers. Suggestions for improvement in the implementation of the referral tool in child healthcare settings are discussed.

scholarly journals Lifestyle and Long-Term Smoking Cessation

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 1179173X2096306
Author(s):  
Tove Sohlberg ◽  
Karin Helmersson Bergmark
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Smoking Initiation ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
Swedish Health Care ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Term Maintenance

Background: Since smoking is the leading cause of preventable death, discouraging smoking initiation, encouraging smoking cessation, and exploring factors that help individuals to stay smoke free are immensely important. One such relevant factor may be the impact of lifestyle for long-term smoking cessation. Method: A representative sample of successful quitters was recruited for a study about smoking cessation. These respondents are now part of a 7-year follow-up with the overall aim of revealing factors affecting long-term smoking cessation. Descriptive analyses were carried out at baseline and at follow-up, as well as a further two-step cluster analysis to explore profiles of long-term smoke-free individuals. Results: A majority did not make any particular lifestyle changes, but among those who did, most adopted a healthier lifestyle and/or increased their quota of physical training, where permanent changes in this direction seem to promote a more enduring smoke-free life. Conclusions: Individuals who want to quit smoking should be encouraged to increase their level of physical activity. Swedish health care institutions should be able to provide support for this both initially and over time to promote the long-term maintenance of a smoke-free lifestyle.

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