scholarly journals Limb Regeneration in Axolotl: Is It Superhealing?

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 12-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stéphane Roy ◽  
Mathieu Lévesque
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Functional Analysis ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Limb Regeneration ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Adult Tissue ◽  
Regenerative Capacity ◽  
New Developments ◽  
Multiple Structures

The ability of axolotls to regenerate their limbs is almost legendary. In fact, urodeles such as the axolotl are the only vertebrates that can regenerate multiple structures like their limbs, jaws, tail, spinal cord, and skin (the list goes on) throughout their lives. It is therefore surprising to realize, although we have known of their regenerative potential for over 200 years, how little we understand the mechanisms behind this achievement of adult tissue morphogenesis. Many observations can be drawn between regeneration and other disciplines such as development and wound healing. In this review, we present new developments in functional analysis that will help to address the role of specific genes during the process of regeneration. We also present an analysis of the resemblance between wound healing and regeneration, and discuss whether axolotls are superhealers. A better understanding of these animals' regenerative capacity could lead to major benefits by providing regenerative medicine with directions on how to develop therapeutic approaches leading to regeneration in humans.

Role of prostaglandins in amphibian limb regeneration

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 136-137
Author(s):  
Steven R. Scadding
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Acetylsalicylic Acid ◽  
Limb Regeneration ◽  
Limb Amputation ◽  
Prostaglandin E ◽  
Notophthalmus Viridescens ◽  
Bufo Americanus ◽  
Histological Appearance

Following limb amputation in the newt (Notophthalmus viridescens), the animals were given daily intraperitoneal injections of 0.1 or 1.0 mg of either indomethacin or acetylsalicylic acid. This had no observable influence on the rate or extent of limb regeneration or the histological appearance of the regenerating limb when compared with controls. Following limb amputation in toads (Bufo americanus), the limb stumps were injected daily for the first 15 days after amputation with 5 μg of either prostaglandin E1 or prostaglandin E2. Neither of these treatments had any observed effect on subsequent wound healing of the limbs when compared with controls. These observations suggest that prostaglandins do not play a major role in control of amphibian limb regeneration.

scholarly journals The Role of Complement in Angiogenesis

Antibodies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Maciej M. Markiewski ◽  
Elizabeth Daugherity ◽  
Britney Reese ◽  
Magdalena Karbowniczek
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Complement System ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
New Developments ◽  
Pathological Angiogenesis ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Complement System

The link of the complement system to angiogenesis has remained circumstantial and speculative for several years. Perhaps the most clinically relevant example of possible involvement of complement in pathological neovascularization is age-related macular degeneration. Recent studies, however, provide more direct and experimental evidence that indeed the complement system regulates physiological and pathological angiogenesis in models of wound healing, retinal regeneration, age-related macular degeneration, and cancer. Interestingly, complement-dependent mechanisms involved in angiogenesis are very much context dependent, including anti- and proangiogenic functions. Here, we discuss these new developments that place complement among other important regulators of homeostatic and pathological angiogenesis, and we provide the perspective on how these newly discovered complement functions can be targeted for therapy.

Endogenous Neural Progenitor Cells as Therapeutic Target After Spinal Cord Injury

Physiology ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 296-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franz-Josef Obermair ◽  
Aileen Schröter ◽  
Michaela Thallmair
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Neural Progenitor Cells ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Neural Progenitor ◽  
Injured Spinal Cord ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Cord Injury

Growing knowledge about the role of neural progenitor cells supports the hope that stem cell-based therapeutic approaches aimed at restoring function in the lesioned central nervous system can be established. Possible therapies for promoting recovery after spinal cord injury include stimulating the formation of neurons and glial cells by endogenous progenitor cells. This article reviews the current knowledge about the nature of adult progenitor cells in the intact and injured spinal cord and summarizes possibilities and limitations of cellular replacement strategies based on manipulations of endogenous spinal cord progenitor cells and their environment.

The role of angiogenic and wound-healing factors after spinal cord injury in mammals

2013 ◽  
Vol 76 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarina Kundi ◽  
Roy Bicknell ◽  
Zubair Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Cord Injury

scholarly journals The Role of Connexins in Wound Healing and Repair: Novel Therapeutic Approaches

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pui Wong ◽  
Teresa Tan ◽  
Catherine Chan ◽  
Victoria Laxton ◽  
Yin Wah Fiona Chan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Novel Therapeutic

scholarly journals Limb Regeneration in Amphibians: Immunological Considerations

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony L. Mescher ◽  
Anton W. Neff
Keyword(s):  
Limb Regeneration ◽  
Regenerative Capacity ◽  
Anuran Amphibians ◽  
Regenerative Growth ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
Regeneration Blastema ◽  
Wound Epithelium

We review key aspects of what is known about limb regeneration in urodele and anuran amphibians, with a focus on the early events of the process that lead to formation of the regeneration blastema. This includes the role of the nerves and wound epithelium, but also covers the inflammatory effects of the amputation trauma and their importance for regenerative growth. We propose that immunotolerance is important for limb regeneration and changes in its regulation may underlie the loss of regenerative capacity during anuran metamorphosis.

Role of melatonin in regulating neurogenesis: Implications for the neurodegenerative pathology and analogous therapeutics for Alzheimer’s disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayuri Shukla ◽  
Areechun Sotthibundhu ◽  
Piyarat Govitrapong
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Adult Neurogenesis ◽  
Adult Brain ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Therapeutic Implications ◽  
Cell Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Progenitor Cell Proliferation

The revelation of adult brain exhibiting neurogenesis has established that the brain possesses great plasticity and that neurons could be spawned in the neurogenic zones where hippocampal adult neurogenesis attributes to learning and memory processes. With strong implications in brain functional homeostasis, aging and cognition, various aspects of adult neurogenesis reveal exuberant mechanistic associations thereby further aiding in facilitating the therapeutic approaches regarding the development of neurodegenerative processes in Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). Impaired neurogenesis has been significantly evident in AD with compromised hippocampal function and cognitive deficits. Melatonin the pineal indolamine augments neurogenesis and has been linked to AD development as its levels are compromised with disease progression. Here, in this review, we discuss and appraise the mechanisms via which melatonin regulates neurogenesis in pathophysiological conditions which would unravel the molecular basis in such conditions and its role in endogenous brain repair. Also, its components as key regulators of neural stem and progenitor cell proliferation and differentiation in the embryonic and adult brain would aid in accentuating the therapeutic implications of this indoleamine in line of prevention and treatment of AD.   

Experience of negative pressure wound therapy over sternal wound healing: A retrospective review

WCET Journal ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-18
Author(s):  
Wai Sze Ho ◽  
Wai Kuen Lee ◽  
Ka Kay Chan ◽  
Choi Ching Fong
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Negative Pressure ◽  
Negative Pressure Wound Therapy ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Wound Care ◽  
Wound Therapy ◽  
Treatment Pathways ◽  
Wound Assessment ◽  
One Year

Objectives The aim of this study was to retrospectively review the effectiveness of negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) in sternal wound healing with the use of the validated Bates-Jensen Wound Assessment Tool (BWAT), and explore the role of NPWT over sternal wounds and future treatment pathways. Methods Data was gathered from patients' medical records and the institution's database clinical management system. Seventeen subjects, who had undergone cardiothoracic surgeries and subsequently consulted the wound care team in one year were reviewed. Fourteen of them were included in the analysis. Healing improvement of each sternal wound under continuous NPWT and continuous conventional dressings was studied. In total, 23 continuous NPWT and 13 conventional dressing episodes were analysed with the BWAT. Results Among conventional dressing episodes, sternal wound improvement was 2.5–3% over 10 days to 3.5 weeks, whereas 4–5% sternal healing was achieved in 5 days to 2 weeks with sternal wire presence. Better healing at 11% in 1 week by conventional dressing was attained after sternal wire removal. In NPWT episodes, 8–29%, 13–24%, and 15–46% of healing was observed in 2 weeks, 3.5 to 5 weeks and 6 to 7 weeks, respectively. Only 39% wound healing was acquired at the 13th week of NPWT in one subject. With sternal wire present, 6%–29% wound healing progress was achieved by NPWT in 1–4 weeks, and 16–23% wound improvement in 2 to 4.5 weeks by NWPT after further surgical debridement. After sternal wire removal, 6–34% sternal wound healing occurred by continuous NPWT for 1–2 weeks, and maximum healing at 46% after 2.5 weeks of NPWT were observed. Conclusions Better wound healing was achieved in the NPWT group in comparison to conventional dressings alone. However, suboptimal sternal wound healing by NPWT alone was observed. Removal of sternal wire may improve the effectiveness of NPWT. Successful tertiary closure after NPWT among subjects supports the important bridging role of NPWT in sternal wound healing. Factors causing stagnant sternal wound healing by NPWT alone are discussed.

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