Role of prostaglandins in amphibian limb regeneration

Following limb amputation in the newt (Notophthalmus viridescens), the animals were given daily intraperitoneal injections of 0.1 or 1.0 mg of either indomethacin or acetylsalicylic acid. This had no observable influence on the rate or extent of limb regeneration or the histological appearance of the regenerating limb when compared with controls. Following limb amputation in toads (Bufo americanus), the limb stumps were injected daily for the first 15 days after amputation with 5 μg of either prostaglandin E1 or prostaglandin E2. Neither of these treatments had any observed effect on subsequent wound healing of the limbs when compared with controls. These observations suggest that prostaglandins do not play a major role in control of amphibian limb regeneration.

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Limb Regeneration in Axolotl: Is It Superhealing?

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1100/tsw.2006.324 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 6 ◽

pp. 12-25 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Stéphane Roy ◽

Mathieu Lévesque

Keyword(s):

Spinal Cord ◽

Functional Analysis ◽

Wound Healing ◽

Limb Regeneration ◽

Therapeutic Approaches ◽

Adult Tissue ◽

Regenerative Capacity ◽

New Developments ◽

Multiple Structures

The ability of axolotls to regenerate their limbs is almost legendary. In fact, urodeles such as the axolotl are the only vertebrates that can regenerate multiple structures like their limbs, jaws, tail, spinal cord, and skin (the list goes on) throughout their lives. It is therefore surprising to realize, although we have known of their regenerative potential for over 200 years, how little we understand the mechanisms behind this achievement of adult tissue morphogenesis. Many observations can be drawn between regeneration and other disciplines such as development and wound healing. In this review, we present new developments in functional analysis that will help to address the role of specific genes during the process of regeneration. We also present an analysis of the resemblance between wound healing and regeneration, and discuss whether axolotls are superhealers. A better understanding of these animals' regenerative capacity could lead to major benefits by providing regenerative medicine with directions on how to develop therapeutic approaches leading to regeneration in humans.

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The complex role of Prostaglandin E2-EP receptor signaling in wound healing

AJP Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpregu.00185.2020 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Kristy E. Gilman ◽

Kirsten H. Limesand

Keyword(s):

Wound Healing ◽

G Protein ◽

Lipid Mediators ◽

G Protein Coupled Receptors ◽

Prostaglandin E ◽

Receptor Signaling ◽

Wound Healing Response ◽

Ep Receptor ◽

G Protein Coupled

Prostaglandins are critical lipid mediators involved in the wound healing response, with prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) being the most complex and exhibiting the most diverse physiological outputs. PGE2 signals via four G-protein coupled receptors, termed EP-receptors 1-4, that induce distinct signaling pathways upon activation and lead to an array of different outputs. Recent studies examining the role of PGE2 and EP receptor signaling in wound healing following various forms of tissue damage are discussed in this review.

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Limb regeneration in Amphiuma tridactylum (Amphibia, Urodela)

Canadian Journal of Zoology ◽

10.1139/z78-314 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 56 (11) ◽

pp. 2327-2332 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Steven R. Scadding

Keyword(s):

Wound Healing ◽

Body Wall ◽

Histological Study ◽

Limb Regeneration ◽

Complete Loss ◽

The Body ◽

Limb Amputation ◽

Slow Process

This paper reports a histological study of the response of Amphiuma to simple limb amputation. The results of simple limb amputation in this species are variable. Some limbs undergo wound healing only, others regress, resulting in complete loss of the limb except for a residual rudiment embedded in the body wall, and still others produce heteromorphic limb regenerates of size comparable with the amputated limb. Heteromorphic limb regeneration when it occurs in Amphiuma is a very slow process compared with other urodeles. After 7.5 months (longest observed specimens in this study), the process was still not complete.

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Regulatory role of prostaglandin E in allergic histamine release with observations on the responsiveness of basophil leukocytes and the effect of acetylsalicylic acid

Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology ◽

10.1016/0091-6749(77)90067-7 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 60 (6) ◽

pp. 360-366 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

T OKAZAKI ◽

V ILEA ◽

N ROSARIO ◽

R REISMAN ◽

C ARBESMAN ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acetylsalicylic Acid ◽

Histamine Release ◽

Regulatory Role ◽

Prostaglandin E

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Tissue regeneration in the amputated forelimb of Xenopus laevis froglets

Canadian Journal of Zoology ◽

10.1139/z84-351 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 62 (12) ◽

pp. 2383-2391 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Robert G. Korneluk ◽

Richard A. Liversage

Keyword(s):

Wound Healing ◽

Xenopus Laevis ◽

Tissue Regeneration ◽

Limb Amputation ◽

Notophthalmus Viridescens ◽

Epimorphic Regeneration ◽

Cell Accumulation ◽

Fibroblastlike Cell ◽

Complete Regeneration ◽

Newt Limb

The present study directly compares the response of amputated forelimbs in Xenopus laevis froglets with epimorphic regeneration of forelimbs in adult newts (Notophthalmus viridescens). Epidermal wound healing was initiated following limb amputation in both froglets and newts. Dedifferentiation of mesodermal stump tissues was comparatively extensive in the regenerating newt limb, whereas Xenopus forelimbs underwent little if any tissue dedifferentiation. Blastema accumulation and growth are prominent features of newt forelimb regeneration. In contrast, only a small fibroblastlike cell accumulation was observed at the distal tip of the Xenopus limbs. Differentiation of blastemal cells in the urodele limb was delayed until extensive blastema growth was achieved, whereas differentiation was immediate in Xenopus. Morphogenesis of the regenerative outgrowth in Xenopus was limited to the differentiation of connective tissue elements, primarily cartilage. In contrast, complete regeneration of all limb tissues occurred in newt forelimbs. We conclude from our findings that a dominant tissue regenerative response exists following forelimb amputation in Xenopus froglets, whereas epimorphic regeneration prevails in the amputated adult newt limb.

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Scanning electron microscopy of epidermal cell migration in wound healing during limb regeneration in the adult newt,Notophthalmus viridescens

American Journal of Anatomy ◽

10.1002/aja.1001510408 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 151 (4) ◽

pp. 539-555 ◽

Cited By ~ 44

Author(s):

Lillian A. Repesh ◽

Jean C. Oberpriller

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽

Wound Healing ◽

Cell Migration ◽

Epidermal Cell ◽

Limb Regeneration ◽

Notophthalmus Viridescens ◽

Adult Newt ◽

Scanning Electron

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Experience of negative pressure wound therapy over sternal wound healing: A retrospective review

WCET Journal ◽

10.33235/wcet.39.2.9-18 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 39 (2) ◽

pp. 9-18

Author(s):

Wai Sze Ho ◽

Wai Kuen Lee ◽

Ka Kay Chan ◽

Choi Ching Fong

Keyword(s):

Wound Healing ◽

Negative Pressure ◽

Negative Pressure Wound Therapy ◽

Assessment Tool ◽

Wound Care ◽

Wound Therapy ◽

Treatment Pathways ◽

Wound Assessment ◽

One Year

Objectives The aim of this study was to retrospectively review the effectiveness of negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) in sternal wound healing with the use of the validated Bates-Jensen Wound Assessment Tool (BWAT), and explore the role of NPWT over sternal wounds and future treatment pathways. Methods Data was gathered from patients' medical records and the institution's database clinical management system. Seventeen subjects, who had undergone cardiothoracic surgeries and subsequently consulted the wound care team in one year were reviewed. Fourteen of them were included in the analysis. Healing improvement of each sternal wound under continuous NPWT and continuous conventional dressings was studied. In total, 23 continuous NPWT and 13 conventional dressing episodes were analysed with the BWAT. Results Among conventional dressing episodes, sternal wound improvement was 2.5–3% over 10 days to 3.5 weeks, whereas 4–5% sternal healing was achieved in 5 days to 2 weeks with sternal wire presence. Better healing at 11% in 1 week by conventional dressing was attained after sternal wire removal. In NPWT episodes, 8–29%, 13–24%, and 15–46% of healing was observed in 2 weeks, 3.5 to 5 weeks and 6 to 7 weeks, respectively. Only 39% wound healing was acquired at the 13th week of NPWT in one subject. With sternal wire present, 6%–29% wound healing progress was achieved by NPWT in 1–4 weeks, and 16–23% wound improvement in 2 to 4.5 weeks by NWPT after further surgical debridement. After sternal wire removal, 6–34% sternal wound healing occurred by continuous NPWT for 1–2 weeks, and maximum healing at 46% after 2.5 weeks of NPWT were observed. Conclusions Better wound healing was achieved in the NPWT group in comparison to conventional dressings alone. However, suboptimal sternal wound healing by NPWT alone was observed. Removal of sternal wire may improve the effectiveness of NPWT. Successful tertiary closure after NPWT among subjects supports the important bridging role of NPWT in sternal wound healing. Factors causing stagnant sternal wound healing by NPWT alone are discussed.

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