scholarly journals Neglected Quaternary legacy on biodiversity in the Mountains of Southwest China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Wan ◽  
Huateng Huang ◽  
Jamie R. Oaks ◽  
Xuelong Jiang ◽  
L. Lacey Knowles
Keyword(s):  
Complex Terrain ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Southwest China ◽  
Biodiversity Hotspot ◽  
Vertebrate Species ◽  
Glacial Cycles ◽  
Temporal Synchrony ◽  
Relative Independence ◽  
Phylogeographic History ◽  
History Of

AbstractMountains of Southwest China (MSWC) is a biodiversity hotspot with a very unique and highly complex terrain. However, with the majority of studies focusing on the biogeographic consequences of massive mountain building, the Quaternary legacy of biodiversity for the MSWC has long been overlooked. Here, we took a comparative phylogeography approach to examine factors that shaped community-wide diversification. With data from 30 vertebrate species, the results reveal spatially concordant genetic structure, with temporally clustered divergence events during severe glacial cycles, indicating the importance of riverine barriers in the phylogeographic history of the vertebrate community. We conclude that the repeated glacial cycles are associated with temporal synchrony of divergence patterns that are themselves structured by the heterogeneity of the montane landscape has of the MSWC. This orderly process of diversifications has profound implications for conservation by highlighting the relative independence of different geographic areas in which communities have responded similarly to climate changes and calls for further comparative phylogeographic investigations to reveal the extent to which these findings might apply more broadly to other taxa in this biodiversity hotspot.

scholarly journals Differences in Quaternary co-divergence reveals community-wide diversification in the mountains of southwest China varied among species

2021 ◽  
Vol 288 (1942) ◽  
pp. 20202567
Author(s):  
Tao Wan ◽  
Jamie R. Oaks ◽  
Xue-Long Jiang ◽  
Huateng Huang ◽  
L. Lacey Knowles
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Southwest China ◽  
Biodiversity Hotspot ◽  
Biological Traits ◽  
Vertebrate Species ◽  
Glacial Cycles ◽  
Relative Independence ◽  
Phylogeographic History ◽  
History Of

The mountains of southwest China (MSWC) is a biodiversity hotspot with highly complex and unusual terrain. However, with the majority of studies focusing on the biogeographic consequences of massive mountain building, the Quaternary legacy of biodiversity for the MSWC has long been overlooked. Here, we took a statistical comparative phylogeography approach to examine factors that shaped community-wide diversification. With data from 30 vertebrate species, the results reveal spatially concordant genetic structure, and temporally clustered co-divergence events associated with river barriers during severe glacial cycles. This indicates the importance of riverine barriers in the phylogeographic history of the MSWC vertebrate community. We conclude that the repeated glacial cycles are associated with co-divergences that are themselves structured by the heterogeneity of the montane landscape of the MSWC. This orderly process of diversification has profound implications for conservation by highlighting the relative independence of different geographical areas in which some, but not all species in communities have responded similarly to climate change and calls for further comparative phylogeographic investigations to reveal the connection between biological traits and divergence pulses in this biodiversity hotspot.

Phylogeographic history of Japanese macaques

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsuyoshi Ito ◽  
Takashi Hayakawa ◽  
Nami Suzuki–Hashido ◽  
Yuzuru Hamada ◽  
Yosuke Kurihara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Japanese Macaques ◽  
Phylogeographic History ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals The phylogeographic history of tomato mosaic virus in Eurasia

Virology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 554 ◽  
pp. 42-47
Author(s):  
Yuting Xu ◽  
Shuling Zhang ◽  
Jianguo Shen ◽  
Zujian Wu ◽  
Zhenguo Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Tomato Mosaic Virus ◽  
Phylogeographic History ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals Socioeconomic and lifestyle determinants of the prevalence of hypertension among elderly individuals in rural southwest China: a structural equation modelling approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Xiao ◽  
Cai Le ◽  
Gui-Yi Wang ◽  
Lu-Ming Fan ◽  
Wen-Long Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Southwest China ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Body Fat Distribution ◽  
History Of ◽  
Family History Of Hypertension

Abstract Background This study examines the association between socioeconomic and lifestyle factors and the prevalence of hypertension among elderly individuals in rural Southwest China. Methods A cross-sectional survey of 4833 consenting adults aged ≥ 60 years in rural regions of Yunnan Province, China, was conducted in 2017. Data on individual socioeconomic status, sleep quality, physical activity level, and family history of hypertension were collected with a standardized questionnaire. Blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, height, weight, and waist circumference were also measured. An individual socioeconomic position (SEP) index was constructed using principal component analysis. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was applied to analyse the association between socioeconomic and lifestyle factors and the prevalence of hypertension. Results The overall prevalence of hypertension was 50.6% in the study population. Body fat distribution, including measures of obesity and central obesity, had the greatest total effect on hypertension (0.21), followed by family history of hypertension (0.14), biological sex (0.08), sleep quality (− 0.07), SEP (− 0.06), physical inactivity (0.06), and diabetes (0.06). Body fat distribution, SEP, and family history of hypertension had both direct and indirect effects on hypertension, whereas physical inactivity, diabetes, and sleep quality were directly associated with the prevalence of hypertension. Biological sex was indirectly associated with the prevalence of hypertension. Conclusions SEP, body fat distribution, physical inactivity, diabetes, and sleep quality critically influence the prevalence of hypertension. Future interventions to prevent and control hypertension should give increased attention to individuals with low SEP and should focus on controlling diabetes and obesity, increasing physical activity levels, and improving quality of sleep among older adults aged ≥ 60 years in rural Southwest China.

scholarly journals A rapid loss of stripes: the evolutionary history of the extinct quagga

2005 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer A Leonard ◽  
Nadin Rohland ◽  
Scott Glaberman ◽  
Robert C Fleischer ◽  
Adalgisa Caccone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Rapid Loss ◽  
Mt Dna ◽  
Pleistocene Climate ◽  
Equus Burchelli ◽  
History Of ◽  
Plains Zebra

Twenty years ago, the field of ancient DNA was launched with the publication of two short mitochondrial (mt) DNA sequences from a single quagga ( Equus quagga ) museum skin, an extinct South African equid ( Higuchi et al . 1984 Nature 312 , 282–284). This was the first extinct species from which genetic information was retrieved. The DNA sequences of the quagga showed that it was more closely related to zebras than to horses. However, quagga evolutionary history is far from clear. We have isolated DNA from eight quaggas and a plains zebra (subspecies or phenotype Equus burchelli burchelli ). We show that the quagga displayed little genetic diversity and very recently diverged from the plains zebra, probably during the penultimate glacial maximum. This emphasizes the importance of Pleistocene climate changes for phylogeographic patterns in African as well as Holarctic fauna.

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