scholarly journals Perceptions and Attitudes Towards Shoulder Padding and Shoulder Injury in Rugby Union

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angus Hughes ◽  
Matt Carre ◽  
Heather Driscoll
Keyword(s):  
Injury Prevention ◽  
Rugby Union ◽  
Shoulder Injuries ◽  
Shoulder Injury ◽  
Perceptions And Attitudes ◽  
Contusion Injury ◽  
Rugby Players

Objective To develop an understanding of the role of shoulder padding in preventing injuries in rugby by investigating player perceptions and attitudes towards shoulder padding and extending previous research into the nature of shoulder injuries in rugby. Methods A survey was distributed to current rugby players over 13 years old. Questions related to the participants' demographic, attitudes to shoulder padding and shoulder injury history. Results 616 rugby players responded to the survey. 66.1% of respondents had worn shoulder padding at some point during their career. Youth players (13-17 years old) and the older demographic (36+ years old) perceived shoulder padding to be more effective. 37.1% of respondents considered shoulder padding to be effective at preventing cuts and abrasions with 21.9% finding it very effective. 50.3% considered it to be effective at preventing contusion injury with 9.7% finding it very effective. 45.5% wore padding for injury prevention, while 19.2% wore padding to protect from reoccurring injury. 38.6% did not wear shoulder padding because they felt it was not needed for the game of rugby. Sprain/ ligament damage (57.5%) and bruising (55.5%) to the shoulder were the most commonly reported injury. Conclusions Research should focus on quantifying the injury preventive capabilities while also educating the rugby community on shoulder padding. Bruising, cuts and abrasion injuries to the shoulder are prevalent. The ability of shoulder padding to protect from these injuries should be further explored.

scholarly journals Perceptions and Attitudes Towards Shoulder Padding and Shoulder Injury in Rugby Union

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angus Hughes ◽  
Matt Carré ◽  
Heather Driscoll
Keyword(s):  
Injury Prevention ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Rugby Union ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Shoulder Injuries ◽  
Shoulder Injury ◽  
Perceptions And Attitudes ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Rugby Players

Abstract Purpose To develop an understanding of the role of shoulder padding in rugby union by investigating player perceptions and attitudes towards shoulder padding and extending research into shoulder injuries in rugby. Methods An online survey was distributed to past and current rugby players over 13 years old in 2018. Questions related to the participants’ demographic, attitudes to shoulder padding and shoulder injury history. Results Six hundred and sixteen rugby players responded to the survey; 66.1% of respondents had worn shoulder padding at some point. The age group 24–29 years old (∆R2 = 0.03, B = − 0.53, P = 0.015) had an inverse association with padding effectiveness while playing experience groups 1–2 years (∆R2 = 0.03, B = 0.8, P = 0.032), 3–5 years (∆R2 = 0.03, B = 0.70, P = 0.002) and 6–9 years (∆R2 = 0.03, B = 0.41, P = 0) had a positive association. There are 37.1% of respondents considering shoulder padding to be effective at preventing cuts and abrasions with 21.9% finding it very effective; 50.3% considered it to be effective or very effective (9.7%) at preventing contusion; 45.5% wore padding for injury prevention, while 19.2% wore padding to protect from reoccurring injury. Sprain/ligament damage (57.5%) and bruising (55.5%) were the most commonly reported injuries. Conclusions The primary reason for wearing shoulder padding was as a means of injury prevention. Research should focus on quantifying the injury preventive capabilities of shoulder padding. Bruising, cuts and abrasion injuries to the shoulder are prevalent presenting new findings that these injuries are underreported.

scholarly journals Shoulder injuries in adolescent rugby players

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 159-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghazal Hodhody ◽  
Tanya A Mackenzie ◽  
Lennard Funk
Keyword(s):  
Recurrence Rate ◽  
Study Data ◽  
County Level ◽  
Mechanism Of Injury ◽  
Shoulder Injuries ◽  
Shoulder Injury ◽  
Recurrence Rates ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
Patterns Of Injury ◽  
Rugby Players

Background Rugby is a high-intensity contact sport, frequently causing shoulder injuries. Between the ages of 12 years to 18 years, academy and county level players are being selected for professional contracts, making this is a critical stage of their career. The present study aimed to describe the patterns of injury in adolescent rugby players with shoulder injuries. Methods Academy and county level rugby players in the target age group, over a 7-year period, were included in the present study. Data collected included the mechanism of injury, position and level of play, radiology and surgical findings, and recurrence rate at a minimum of 2 years post-surgery. Results One hundred and sixty-nine cases adhered to the inclusion criteria, with most cases involving two or more pathologies in the shoulder (54%). Forwards sustained more shoulder injuries than backs, incurring more labral injuries. By contrast, backs had a higher incidence of bony pathology. The mechanism of injury frequently correlated with player positions. There was a 21% injury recurrence rate, with forwards (7%) and higher level academy players (11%) most likely to suffer a recurrence. Conclusions Shoulder injury patterns in this important group of adolescent contact athletes are complex, with recurrence rates being higher than those in older rugby players.

scholarly journals Risk factors for, and prevention of, shoulder injuries in overhead sports: a systematic review with best-evidence synthesis

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (20) ◽  
pp. 1312-1319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Asker ◽  
Hannah L Brooke ◽  
Markus Waldén ◽  
Ulrika Tranaeus ◽  
Fredrik Johansson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Injury Prevention ◽  
Evidence Synthesis ◽  
Shoulder Injuries ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Shoulder Injury ◽  
Limited Evidence ◽  
Best Evidence Synthesis ◽  
Overhead Sports

ObjectiveTo assess the evidence for risk factors and prevention measures for shoulder injuries in overhead sports.DesignSystematic review with best-evidence synthesis.Data sourcesMedline (Ovid), PubMed (complementary search), Embase (Elsevier), Cochrane (Wiley), SPORTDiscus (Ebsco) and Web of Science Core Collection (Thomson Reuters), from 1 January 1990 to 15 May 2017.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesRandomised controlled trials, cohort studies and case-control studies on risk factors or prevention measures for shoulder injuries in overhead sports. The eligible studies were quality assessed using the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network criteria.ResultsOf 4778 studies identified, 38 were eligible for quality review and 17 met the quality criteria to be included in the evidence synthesis. One additional quality study presented a shoulder injury prevention programme. Most studies focused on baseball, lacrosse or volleyball (n=13). The risk factors examined included participation level (competition vs training) (n=10), sex (n=4), biomechanics (n=2) and external workload (n=2). The evidence for all risk factors was limited or conflicting. The effect of the prevention programme within the subgroup of uninjured players at baseline was modest and possibly lacked statistical power.ConclusionsAll investigated potential risk factors for shoulder injury in overhead sports had limited evidence, and most were non-modifiable (eg, sex). There is also limited evidence for the effect of shoulder injury prevention measures in overhead sports.PROSPERO trial registration numberCRD42015026850.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Shoulder Injuries in Schoolboy Rugby Union in Ireland

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 232596712110234
Author(s):  
Therese M. Leahy ◽  
Ian C. Kenny ◽  
Mark J. Campbell ◽  
Giles D. Warrington ◽  
Roisin Cahalan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Rugby Union ◽  
Injury Incidence ◽  
Shoulder Injuries ◽  
Descriptive Epidemiology ◽  
Epidemiology Study ◽  
Time Loss ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Rugby Players ◽  
And Training

Background: The shoulder has been reported as a frequent location of injury in adult professional and amateur rugby, with match injury incidence rates ranging from 1.8 to 3 per 1000 player-hours (h). An increased understanding of the incidence and mechanism of shoulder injuries in school rugby players is vital to establish effective injury preventive strategies and advise on appropriate rehabilitation. Purpose: To describe the incidence, nature, and severity of shoulder injuries in schoolboy rugby in Ireland. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Methods: Injury surveillance was carried out for Senior Cup teams across two seasons (N = 665 players aged 17-19 years) in Ireland from 2018 to 2020. Match and training injury data were recorded using an online system by trained nominated injury recorders. Match exposure was also recorded. Results: Shoulder match injury incidence was 12.2 per 1000 h (95% CI, 9.1-16.2), with a mean severity of 47 days’ time loss and an overall burden of 573 days per 1000 h. In total, 47 match and 5 training shoulder injuries were recorded. The most common injuries were shoulder dislocations/subluxations (34%), followed by acromioclavicular joint sprains (30%). Shoulder dislocations/subluxations represented the most burdensome injury (280 days per 1000 h). The tackle accounted for the majority (81%) of shoulder injuries. Forwards sustained a significantly higher incidence of shoulder injuries (8.3/1000 h) in comparison with backs (3.9/1000 h), with a rate ratio of 2.13 (95% CI, 1.15-3.94; P = .015). Conclusion: We found a notably higher injury incidence rate in schoolboy rugby as compared with the adult amateur and professional game. Shoulder injuries were responsible for more days lost than any other injury, and shoulder dislocations were the most severe. This is of particular concern so early in a player’s career and warrants further investigation into potential risk factors and mechanisms associated with shoulder injuries in school-age players.

scholarly journals The relationship between anxiety and shoulder injuries among South African university and club rugby players

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
R L Van Niekerk
Keyword(s):  
Shoulder Injuries ◽  
Shoulder Injury ◽  
Anxiety Management ◽  
Competitive Anxiety ◽  
Sport Competition ◽  
Logistical Regression ◽  
The Difference ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Rugby Players

Objectives. This correlational study investigated the relationship between competitive anxiety and shoulder injuries in a sample of club rugby players (N=112) from two universities and three suburban clubs. Methods. The participants were asked to complete a biographical questionnaire and the Sport Competition Anxiety Test,1 while the injury history of the players for the 2012 season was obtained from the responsible health professions after consent was given. Group differences and a direct logistical regression were calculated to determine the relationship between injury and anxiety. Results. The results indicated that rugby players who contracted a shoulder injury in a 1-year season have significantly higher levels of anxiety than those players who did not. However, the effect size of the difference seems to be small. The anxiety levels of players with shoulder injuries were regarded as too high when competing. A logistical regression, including various factors, was able to predict injury fairly well, but anxiety seems to be the only variable that contributed significantly to the model. Conclusion. The results suggest that the contribution of anxiety to the occurrence of shoulder injuries in club and university rugby cannot be ignored. The high level of anxiety associated with players who suffered shoulder injuries has to be targeted with anxiety management skills as part of a player development and injury management programme.

scholarly journals The relationship between anxiety and shoulder injuries among South African university and club rugby players

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
R L Van Niekerk
Keyword(s):  
Shoulder Injuries ◽  
Shoulder Injury ◽  
Anxiety Management ◽  
Competitive Anxiety ◽  
Sport Competition ◽  
Logistical Regression ◽  
The Difference ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Rugby Players

Objectives. This correlational study investigated the relationship between competitive anxiety and shoulder injuries in a sample of club rugby players (N=112) from two universities and three suburban clubs. Methods. The participants were asked to complete a biographical questionnaire and the Sport Competition Anxiety Test,1 while the injury history of the players for the 2012 season was obtained from the responsible health professions after consent was given. Group differences and a direct logistical regression were calculated to determine the relationship between injury and anxiety. Results. The results indicated that rugby players who contracted a shoulder injury in a 1-year season have significantly higher levels of anxiety than those players who did not. However, the effect size of the difference seems to be small. The anxiety levels of players with shoulder injuries were regarded as too high when competing. A logistical regression, including various factors, was able to predict injury fairly well, but anxiety seems to be the only variable that contributed significantly to the model. Conclusion. The results suggest that the contribution of anxiety to the occurrence of shoulder injuries in club and university rugby cannot be ignored. The high level of anxiety associated with players who suffered shoulder injuries has to be targeted with anxiety management skills as part of a player development and injury management programme.

scholarly journals Shoulder injuries in soccer goalkeepers: review and development of a FIFA 11+ shoulder injury prevention program

2016 ◽  
Vol Volume 7 ◽  
pp. 75-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benno Ejnisman ◽  
Carlos Vicente Andreoli ◽  
Alberto de Castro Pochini ◽  
Moises Cohen ◽  
Mario Bizzini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Injury Prevention ◽  
Prevention Program ◽  
Shoulder Injuries ◽  
Shoulder Injury ◽  
Injury Prevention Program

scholarly journals Implementation of the Activate injury prevention exercise programme in English schoolboy rugby union

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. e001018
Author(s):  
Craig Barden ◽  
Keith A Stokes ◽  
Carly D McKay
Keyword(s):  
Injury Prevention ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Behavioural Change ◽  
Exercise Programme ◽  
Rugby Union ◽  
Support Staff ◽  
Barriers To Implementation ◽  
Common Barriers ◽  
Perceptions Of School ◽  
Intervention Uptake

ObjectivesThe implementation of the Activate injury prevention exercise programme has not been assessed in an applied context. This study aimed to (1) describe the knowledge and perceptions of school rugby coaches and players towards injury risk, prevention and Activate and (2) evaluate Activate implementation in schoolboy rugby using the reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation and maintenance framework.MethodsBespoke electronic surveys were administered to coaches (including support staff) and players at participating English schools (2018–2020). Most questions and statements were answered using a 7-point Likert scale. At baseline, participants detailed their Activate awareness and perceptions of injury risk and prevention in schoolboy rugby. At postseason, participants reported Activate use throughout the study and their perceptions towards the programme.ResultsAt baseline, significant differences existed between coaches (n=106) and players (n=571) in Activate awareness (75% and 13% respectively; χ2=173.5, p<0.001). Coaches perceived rugby had a significantly greater injury risk than players, while holding more positive perceptions towards injury prevention. At postseason, coaches reported greater Activate adoption compared with players (76% and 18% respectively; χ2=41.8, p<0.001); 45% of players were unaware if they used the programme. Median session adherence was twice weekly, with a median duration of 10–15 min. This suggests Activate was not implemented as intended, with recommendations of three 20 min sessions per week. Both groups identified common barriers to implementation, such as lack of time and inclusion of a ball.ConclusionCoaches are instrumental in the decision to implement Activate. Targeting behavioural change in these individuals is likely to have the greatest impact on intervention uptake.

scholarly journals Concussion History and Balance Performance in Adolescent Rugby Union Players

2021 ◽  
pp. 036354652199870
Author(s):  
Mark Matthews ◽  
William Johnston ◽  
Chris M. Bleakley ◽  
Richard J. Davies ◽  
Alan T. Rankin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dual Task ◽  
Inertial Sensor ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Rugby Union ◽  
Static Balance ◽  
Balance Performance ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
History Of ◽  
Concussion History ◽  
Rugby Players

Background: Sports-related concussion is a worldwide problem. There is a concern that an initial concussion can cause prolonged subclinical disturbances to sensorimotor function that increase the risk of subsequent injury. The primary aim of this study was to examine whether a history of sports-related concussion has effects on static and dynamic balance performance in adolescent rugby players. Hypothesis: Dynamic balance would be worse in players with a history of concussion compared with those with no history of concussion. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Male adolescent rugby players aged 14 to 18 years from 5 schools were recruited before the start of the 2018-2019 playing season. Participants completed questionnaires and physical tests, including dynamic Y balance and single-leg static balance (eyes closed) tests, while performing single and dual tasks. Dynamic balance was assessed using inertial sensor instrumentation. Dependent variables were normalized reach distance and the sample entropy (SEn) of the 3 axes ( x, y, and z). Results: Of the 195 participants, 100 reported a history of concussion. Those with a history of concussion demonstrated higher SEn in all directions, with highest values during anterior (standardized mean difference [SMD], 0.4; 95% CI, 0.0-0.7; P = .027) and posteromedial (SMD, 0.5; 95% CI, 0.2-0.9; P = .004) reach directions compared with those with no history. There was no difference between groups (concussion history vs control) in traditional Y balance reach distances in the anterior or posteromedial directions or single-leg static balance during both single- ( P = .47) and dual-task ( P = .67) conditions. Conclusion: Adolescent rugby union athletes with a history of concussion had poorer dynamic balance during performance tasks compared with healthy controls. Static single-leg balance tests, either single or dual task, may not be sensitive enough to detect sensorimotor deficits in those with a history of concussion.

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