scholarly journals The relationship between anxiety and shoulder injuries among South African university and club rugby players

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
R L Van Niekerk
Keyword(s):  
Shoulder Injuries ◽  
Shoulder Injury ◽  
Anxiety Management ◽  
Competitive Anxiety ◽  
Sport Competition ◽  
Logistical Regression ◽  
The Difference ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Rugby Players

Objectives. This correlational study investigated the relationship between competitive anxiety and shoulder injuries in a sample of club rugby players (N=112) from two universities and three suburban clubs. Methods. The participants were asked to complete a biographical questionnaire and the Sport Competition Anxiety Test,1 while the injury history of the players for the 2012 season was obtained from the responsible health professions after consent was given. Group differences and a direct logistical regression were calculated to determine the relationship between injury and anxiety. Results. The results indicated that rugby players who contracted a shoulder injury in a 1-year season have significantly higher levels of anxiety than those players who did not. However, the effect size of the difference seems to be small. The anxiety levels of players with shoulder injuries were regarded as too high when competing. A logistical regression, including various factors, was able to predict injury fairly well, but anxiety seems to be the only variable that contributed significantly to the model. Conclusion. The results suggest that the contribution of anxiety to the occurrence of shoulder injuries in club and university rugby cannot be ignored. The high level of anxiety associated with players who suffered shoulder injuries has to be targeted with anxiety management skills as part of a player development and injury management programme.

scholarly journals The relationship between anxiety and shoulder injuries among South African university and club rugby players

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
R L Van Niekerk
Keyword(s):  
Shoulder Injuries ◽  
Shoulder Injury ◽  
Anxiety Management ◽  
Competitive Anxiety ◽  
Sport Competition ◽  
Logistical Regression ◽  
The Difference ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Rugby Players

Objectives. This correlational study investigated the relationship between competitive anxiety and shoulder injuries in a sample of club rugby players (N=112) from two universities and three suburban clubs. Methods. The participants were asked to complete a biographical questionnaire and the Sport Competition Anxiety Test,1 while the injury history of the players for the 2012 season was obtained from the responsible health professions after consent was given. Group differences and a direct logistical regression were calculated to determine the relationship between injury and anxiety. Results. The results indicated that rugby players who contracted a shoulder injury in a 1-year season have significantly higher levels of anxiety than those players who did not. However, the effect size of the difference seems to be small. The anxiety levels of players with shoulder injuries were regarded as too high when competing. A logistical regression, including various factors, was able to predict injury fairly well, but anxiety seems to be the only variable that contributed significantly to the model. Conclusion. The results suggest that the contribution of anxiety to the occurrence of shoulder injuries in club and university rugby cannot be ignored. The high level of anxiety associated with players who suffered shoulder injuries has to be targeted with anxiety management skills as part of a player development and injury management programme.

scholarly journals Shoulder injuries in adolescent rugby players

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 159-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghazal Hodhody ◽  
Tanya A Mackenzie ◽  
Lennard Funk
Keyword(s):  
Recurrence Rate ◽  
Study Data ◽  
County Level ◽  
Mechanism Of Injury ◽  
Shoulder Injuries ◽  
Shoulder Injury ◽  
Recurrence Rates ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
Patterns Of Injury ◽  
Rugby Players

Background Rugby is a high-intensity contact sport, frequently causing shoulder injuries. Between the ages of 12 years to 18 years, academy and county level players are being selected for professional contracts, making this is a critical stage of their career. The present study aimed to describe the patterns of injury in adolescent rugby players with shoulder injuries. Methods Academy and county level rugby players in the target age group, over a 7-year period, were included in the present study. Data collected included the mechanism of injury, position and level of play, radiology and surgical findings, and recurrence rate at a minimum of 2 years post-surgery. Results One hundred and sixty-nine cases adhered to the inclusion criteria, with most cases involving two or more pathologies in the shoulder (54%). Forwards sustained more shoulder injuries than backs, incurring more labral injuries. By contrast, backs had a higher incidence of bony pathology. The mechanism of injury frequently correlated with player positions. There was a 21% injury recurrence rate, with forwards (7%) and higher level academy players (11%) most likely to suffer a recurrence. Conclusions Shoulder injury patterns in this important group of adolescent contact athletes are complex, with recurrence rates being higher than those in older rugby players.

scholarly journals DO RISK, BUSINESS CYCLE, AND COMPETITION AFFECT CAPITAL BUFFER? AN EMPIRICAL STUDY ON ISLAMIC BANKING IN ASEAN AND MENA

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Novita Kusuma Maharani ◽  
Bowo Setiyono
Keyword(s):  
Business Cycle ◽  
Islamic Banks ◽  
Banking Supervision ◽  
Minimum Capital ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Conventional Banks ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Unbalanced Panel Data

Basel III guidelines were released in 2010 by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS) as a revision of the previous Basel guidelines with the aim of strengthening the bank's capital and liquidity of banks. BCBS formulate a new policy that is the capital buffer. Capital Buffer is the difference between the minimum capital required by regulators with its overall capital and is considered a "cushion" against the shocks of the financial crisis. This study examine the impact of risk, business cycle, and competition on banks’ capital buffer. This paper used the sample of Islamic banks and conventional banks in ASEAN and MENA in the period 2011-2015 with unbalanced panel data. Using System GMM method to test the characteristics of Islamic banks in managing its capital. The finding indicates that the degree of capital buffer in islamic banks tend to adjust its risk. The result also shows that capital buffer decrease during economic expansion where banks act aggressively by extending their lending activities. The relationship between capital buffer and competition is positive in that the high level of competition to motivate banks to have higher capital.

scholarly journals Green Economic Efficiency Evaluation Based on the GMM Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Haohui Wang ◽  
Gang Peng
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Efficiency Evaluation ◽  
Significant Positive Relationship ◽  
Economic Growth Model ◽  
Green Development ◽  
The Difference ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Relationship

This paper uses a panel data sample of 30 resource-based cities (hereinafter referred to as R-B cities) in China from 2009 to 2019, constructs the green economic efficiency level (hereinafter referred to as GEE) using the super-SBM model, incorporates the GEE value into the endogenous economic growth model, combines the difference equation and the level equation, and estimates the relationship between the green efficiency level and economic growth using the systematic GMM method. The study came to the following major conclusions: First, green development in Chinese resource-based cities is moderately high, and green economic efficiency varies by region, with a relatively low level of GEE in the central region and a relatively high level of GEE in the eastern and western regions. Second, on both static and dynamic dimensions, Chinese resource-based cities can be classified into seven types based on their level of green development. Third, the GEE of Chinese resource-based cities has a significant positive relationship with economic growth, with the effect of green economic efficiency on economic growth being stronger in the central and northeastern regions.

scholarly journals Perceptions and Attitudes Towards Shoulder Padding and Shoulder Injury in Rugby Union

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angus Hughes ◽  
Matt Carre ◽  
Heather Driscoll
Keyword(s):  
Injury Prevention ◽  
Rugby Union ◽  
Shoulder Injuries ◽  
Shoulder Injury ◽  
Perceptions And Attitudes ◽  
Contusion Injury ◽  
Rugby Players

Objective To develop an understanding of the role of shoulder padding in preventing injuries in rugby by investigating player perceptions and attitudes towards shoulder padding and extending previous research into the nature of shoulder injuries in rugby. Methods A survey was distributed to current rugby players over 13 years old. Questions related to the participants' demographic, attitudes to shoulder padding and shoulder injury history. Results 616 rugby players responded to the survey. 66.1% of respondents had worn shoulder padding at some point during their career. Youth players (13-17 years old) and the older demographic (36+ years old) perceived shoulder padding to be more effective. 37.1% of respondents considered shoulder padding to be effective at preventing cuts and abrasions with 21.9% finding it very effective. 50.3% considered it to be effective at preventing contusion injury with 9.7% finding it very effective. 45.5% wore padding for injury prevention, while 19.2% wore padding to protect from reoccurring injury. 38.6% did not wear shoulder padding because they felt it was not needed for the game of rugby. Sprain/ ligament damage (57.5%) and bruising (55.5%) to the shoulder were the most commonly reported injury. Conclusions Research should focus on quantifying the injury preventive capabilities while also educating the rugby community on shoulder padding. Bruising, cuts and abrasion injuries to the shoulder are prevalent. The ability of shoulder padding to protect from these injuries should be further explored.

Interrelations of Trait and State Anxiety with Game Performance of Rugby Players

1987 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 599-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian W. Maynard ◽  
Bruce L. Howe
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Regression ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Somatic Anxiety ◽  
Competitive Anxiety ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Anxiety Test ◽  
Sport Competition ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Game Performance ◽  
Rugby Players

The Martens' Sport Competition Anxiety and Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 tests were administered to 22 male university rugby players to assess the relationship between the tests and their effectiveness in predicting game performance. The Sport Competition Anxiety Test was completed early in the season and the State Anxiety Inventory an hour before two games during a tournament. A multiple regression between the Competitive Anxiety Test and the three subscales of the Sport Anxiety Inventory-2 showed a significant relationship between the Competitive Anxiety Test and the single subscale of somatic anxiety. A separate multiple regression with performance as the criterion variable produced no significant findings. A significant correlation was noted between somatic anxiety and performance for those players who performed below their normal ability. The significant increase in self-confidence between games may have been detrimental to the performance of the team.

The Transmittance to Direct Irradiance due to Absorption by Precipitable Water Vapor in the Atmosphere

2014 ◽  
Vol 979 ◽  
pp. 7-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sayan Phokate ◽  
Nitiphat Pisutthipong
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Precipitable Water ◽  
Precipitable Water Vapor ◽  
Radiation Absorption ◽  
Chiang Mai ◽  
Climatological Data ◽  
The Difference ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Relationship

This research aims to calculate the transmittance to direct irradiance due to absorption by precipitable water vapor in the atmosphere of Thailand, estimation of the absorptance by water vapor in the atmosphere and calculate the precipitable water vapor in the atmosphere. The precipitable water vapor in the atmosphere was calculated from upper air checking data relative humidity and temperature. The data were collected at four meteorological monitoring station located in Chiang Mai, Ubon Ratchathani, Bangkok and Songkhla during the years 1991-2010. The figures for precipitable water vapor obtained from this investigation were used to formulate a mathematical model relating to the precipitable water from four stations with surface climatological data, relative humidity and temperature at the same stations. The result showed that the relationship has a relatively high level of reliability. The precipitable water vapor obtained from upper air nearly is equal to the value from the model. The difference in the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) is equal to 0.250 cm. Then, the researcher used a model to calculate the amount of precipitable water vapor at 85 meteorology stations nationwide. The result showed that the precipitable water vapor was less in the dry (November to March) and relative high in the rainy season (April-October). The average per year was found to be 4.559 cm. When analyzing the solar radiation absorption by water vapor in the atmosphere, found that the absorption is more or less depending on the precipitable water vapor in the atmosphere, which has an average annual as 15.53 percent. The transmittance to direct irradiance due to absorption average per year was found to be 84.51 percent.

scholarly journals THE VALUES OF THE LEADER AND THE RELATIONSHIP OF LEADERSHIP AND MANAGEMENT

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 1707-1712
Author(s):  
Ali Hajro
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Leadership And Management ◽  
The People ◽  
Effective Leader ◽  
Study Case ◽  
The Difference ◽  
High Level ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The word leader by itself thoroughly has a philosophical paradigm where everyone must understand the leaders vision regardless of him being supervisor or submissive. For that purpose in this study case we will see how a leaders values should be and the differences between a leader and a manager. To be on a appropriate high level, every organization must have and produce its own quads with a leaders behavior. Тhere should be people who will be abled to follow and understand his vision on all levels of the hierarchy. The true power of acting derives from the recognition of the concept of change, and requesting opportunities. In such a environment, the leaders must have a lot of competence to survive. The goal of this study case was to explore i.e. gain a clearer picture of the leaders position-leader and manager, its values and knowing the difference. The leader and the manager at first glance might seem as one function, but when we take a look at their characteristics, values and their use of techniques of acting, we will see two diametral differences. Without good managers the organization is at risk to go down in chaos, but without an effective leader the organization becomes lethargic and stops growing. Very often the people in charge are said to be leaders only because of them having a defined position,even though they are in charge of the management, the results in the best case are indirect. One leader can constantly affect the organization through setting strategic ideas and longterm goals.

scholarly journals Examining the relationship between self-actualization and job performance via taking charge

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 74-83
Author(s):  
Nilesh Kumar ◽  
Liu Zhiqiang ◽  
Md.Yahin Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Banking Sector ◽  
Creative Performance ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Self Actualization ◽  
Taking Charge ◽  
The Difference ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Normal Performance

Based on Construal-level theory, this study hypothesized that self-actualization positively relates to employees’ taking charge, and self-actualization affects creative performance and normal performance through taking charge positively, but the effect is different. The authors selected a cross-sectional design to investigate interrelations amongst study variables at two different time points with the interval of one month, and surveyed 417 team members and 186 immediate team leaders in the banking sector in Pakistan. The authors used individual-level data to evaluate the validity and test the proposed relationships by using Mplus. They revealed that self-actualization affects taking charge positively, and taking charge mediated the relationship with the difference in effect e.g. taking charge has high effect on creative performance in comparison to normal performance. The outcomes carry important implications aimed at increasing high-level self-actualization that results in taking charge, and so on leads to creative and normal performance.

scholarly journals La frontera eficiente y los límites de inversión para las AFP: una nueva mirada

2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (29) ◽  
pp. 95-117
Author(s):  
Diana Ortiz ◽  
◽  
Miguel Chirinos ◽  
Yvonka Hurtado ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Financial Markets ◽  
Efficient Frontier ◽  
Pension Plan ◽  
The Other ◽  
Financial Instrument ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The One ◽  
High Level ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This article provides a re-estimation of the pension plan funds administrators’ efficient frontier. The goal here is two-fold: on the one hand it measures the effect of investment limits imposed by regulators. Unlike previous studies, here the short positions are not limited; this assumption is based upon the completeness of the financial markets: when the markets are completed, any financial instrument may be replicated. On the other hand, this article measures the performance of the pension plan funds. In earlier works, the performance was measured as the difference between the profitability in the frontier and the one obtained at the level of a given risk; here the return is measured as the relationship of optimal risk profitability and the one obtained. The main conclusion drawn is that regulation supports the high level of risks taken by the administrators.

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