scholarly journals A translational multiplex serology approach to profile the prevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in home-sampled blood

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niclas Roxhed ◽  
Annika Bendes ◽  
Matilda Dale ◽  
Cecilia Mattsson ◽  
Leo Hanke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Dried Blood Spots ◽  
Capillary Blood ◽  
Blood Sampling ◽  
Receptor Binding Domain ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Translational Approach ◽  
Multiplex Serology ◽  
Tremendous Challenge ◽  
Diverse Pattern

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic has posed a tremendous challenge for the global community. We established a translational approach combining home blood sampling by finger-pricking with multiplexed serology to assess the exposure to the SARS-CoV-2 virus in a general population. The developed procedure determines the immune response in multiplexed assays against several spike (S, here denoted SPK), receptor binding domain (RBD) and nucleocapsid (NCP) proteins in eluates from dried capillary blood. The seroprevalence was then determined in two study sets by mailing 1000 blood sampling kits to random households in urban Stockholm during early and late April 2020, respectively. After receiving 55% (1097/2000) of the cards back within three weeks, 80% (878/1097) were suitable for the analyses of IgG and IgM titers. The data revealed diverse pattern of immune response, thus seroprevalence was dependent on the antigen, immunoglobulin class, stringency to include different antigens, as well as the required analytical performance. Applying unsupervised dimensionality reduction to the combined IgG and IgM data, 4.4% (19/435; 95% CI: 2.4%-6.3%) and 6.3% (28/443; 95% CI: 4.1%-8.6%) of the samples clustered with convalescent controls. Using overlapping scores from at least two SPK antigens, prevalence rates reached 10.1% (44/435; 95% CI: 7.3%-12.9%) in study set 1 and 10.8% (48/443; 95% CI: 7.9%-13.7%). Measuring the immune response against several SARS-CoV-2 proteins in a multiplexed workflow can provide valuable insights about the serological diversity and improve the certainty of the classification. Combining such assays with home-sampling of blood presents a viable strategy for individual-level diagnostics and towards an unbiased assessment of the seroprevalence in a population and may serve to improve our understanding about the diversity of COVID-19 etiology.One Sentence SummaryA multiplexed serology assay was developed to determine antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 proteins in home-sampled dried blood spots collected by finger pricking.

scholarly journals Multianalyte serology in home-sampled blood enables an unbiased assessment of the immune response against SARS-CoV-2

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Niclas Roxhed ◽  
Annika Bendes ◽  
Matilda Dale ◽  
Cecilia Mattsson ◽  
Leo Hanke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Dried Blood Spots ◽  
Serological Testing ◽  
S Protein ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Blood Spots

AbstractSerological testing is essential to curb the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, most assays are still limited to single analytes and samples collected within healthcare. Thus, we establish a multianalyte and multiplexed approach to reliably profile IgG and IgM levels against several versions of SARS-CoV-2 proteins (S, RBD, N) in home-sampled dried blood spots (DBS). We analyse DBS collected during spring of 2020 from 878 random and undiagnosed individuals from the population in Stockholm, Sweden, and use classification approaches to estimate an accumulated seroprevalence of 12.5% (95% CI: 10.3%–14.7%). This includes 5.4% of the samples being IgG+IgM+ against several SARS-CoV-2 proteins, as well as 2.1% being IgG−IgM+ and 5.0% being IgG+IgM− for the virus’ S protein. Subjects classified as IgG+ for several SARS-CoV-2 proteins report influenza-like symptoms more frequently than those being IgG+ for only the S protein (OR = 6.1; p < 0.001). Among all seropositive cases, 30% are asymptomatic. Our strategy enables an accurate individual-level and multiplexed assessment of antibodies in home-sampled blood, assisting our understanding about the undiagnosed seroprevalence and diversity of the immune response against the coronavirus.

scholarly journals Potential of Dried Blood Self-Sampling for CyclosporineC2Monitoring in Transplant Outpatients

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Benedikt Leichtle ◽  
Uta Ceglarek ◽  
Helmut Witzigmann ◽  
Gábor Gäbel ◽  
Joachim Thiery ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Dried Blood Spots ◽  
Capillary Blood ◽  
Blood Sampling ◽  
Therapeutic Drug ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Drug Levels ◽  
Finger Prick

Background. Close therapeutic drug monitoring of Cyclosporine (CsA) in transplant outpatients is a favourable procedure to maintain the long-term blood drug levels within their respective narrow therapeutic ranges. Compared to basal levels (C0), CsA peak levels (C2) are more predictive for transplant rejection. However, the application ofC2levels is hampered by the precise time of blood sampling and the need of qualified personnel. Therefore, we evaluated a newC2self-obtained blood sampling in transplant outpatients using dried capillary and venous blood samples and compared the CsA levels, stability, and clinical practicability of the different procedures.Methods. 55 solid organ transplant recipients were instructed to use single-handed sampling of each 50μL capillary blood and dried blood spots by finger prick using standard finger prick devices. We used standardized EDTA-coated capillary blood collection systems and standardized filter paper WS 903. CsA was determined by LC-MS/MS. The patients and technicians also answered a questionnaire on the procedure and sample quality.Results. TheC0andC2levels from capillary blood collection systems (C0[ng/mL]:114.5±44.5;C2:578.2±222.2) and capillary dried blood (C0[ng/mL]:175.4±137.7;C2:743.1±368.1) significantly(P<.01)correlated with the drug levels of the venous blood samples (C0[ng/mL]:97.8±37.4;C2:511.2±201.5). The correlation atC0wasρcap.-ven.= 0.749, andρdried blood-ven= 0.432; atC2:  ρcap.-ven.= 0.861 andρdried blood-ven= 0.711. The patients preferred the dried blood sampling because of the more simple and less painful procedure. Additionally, the sample quality of self-obtained dried blood spots for LC-MS/MS analytics was superior to the respective capillary blood samples.Conclusions.C2self-obtained dried blood sampling can easily be performed by transplant outpatients and is therefore suitable and cost-effective for close therapeutic drug monitoring.

scholarly journals Development of SARS-CoV-2 Specific IgG and Virus-Neutralizing Antibodies after Infection with Variants of Concern or Vaccination

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 700
Author(s):  
Franziska Neumann ◽  
Ruben Rose ◽  
Janine Römpke ◽  
Olaf Grobe ◽  
Thomas Lorentz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Receptor Binding ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Neutralization Test ◽  
Vaccine Dose ◽  
High Avidity ◽  
Receptor Binding Domain ◽  
Robust Immune Response ◽  
Specific Igg ◽  
Nucleoprotein N

The humoral immunity after SARS-CoV-2 infection or vaccination was examined. Convalescent sera after infection with variants of concern (VOCs: B.1.1.7, n = 10; B.1.351, n = 1) and sera from 100 vaccinees (Pfizer/BioNTech, BNT162b2, n = 33; Moderna, mRNA-1273, n = 11; AstraZeneca, ChAdOx1 nCoV-19/AZD1222, n = 56) were tested for the presence of immunoglobulin G (IgG) directed against the viral spike (S)-protein, its receptor-binding domain (RBD), the nucleoprotein (N) and for virus-neutralizing antibodies (VNA). For the latter, surrogate assays (sVNT) and a Vero-cell based neutralization test (cVNT) were used. Maturity of IgG was determined by measuring the avidity in an immunoblot (IB). Past VOC infection resulted in a broad reactivity of anti-S IgG (100%), anti-RBD IgG (100%), and anti-N IgG (91%), while latter were absent in 99% of vaccinees. Starting approximately two weeks after the first vaccine dose, anti-S IgG (75–100%) and particularly anti-RBD IgG (98–100%) were detectable. After the second dose, their titers increased and were higher than in the convalescents. The sVNT showed evidence of VNA in 91% of convalescents and in 80–100%/100% after first/second vaccine dose, respectively. After the second dose, an increase in VNA titer and IgGs of high avidity were demonstrated by cVNT and IB, respectively. Re-vaccination contributes to a more robust immune response.

scholarly journals Capillary blood sampling: relation between lancet diameter, lancing pain and blood volume

1999 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 421-421
Author(s):  
Heinrich Fruhstorfer ◽  
Günther Schmelzeisen-Redeker ◽  
Thomas Weiss
Keyword(s):  
Blood Volume ◽  
Capillary Blood ◽  
Blood Sampling ◽  
Capillary Blood Sampling

scholarly journals An Anti-Nucleocapsid Antigen Sars-Cov-2 Total Antibody Assay Finds Comparable Results in Edta-Anticoagulated Whole Blood Obtained from Capillary and Venous Blood Sampling

Data ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
Martin Risch ◽  
Marc Kovac ◽  
Corina Risch ◽  
Dorothea Hillmann ◽  
Michael Ritzler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Whole Blood ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Capillary Blood ◽  
Blood Sampling ◽  
Attractive Alternative ◽  
Antibody Assay ◽  
Antibody Assays ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
Antibody Levels ◽  
Venous Blood Sampling

Although SARS-CoV-2 antibody assays have been found to provide valid results in EDTA-anticoagulated whole blood, so far, they have not demonstrated that antibody levels in whole blood originating from capillary blood samples are comparable to antibody levels measured in blood from a venous origin. Here, blood is drawn simultaneously by capillary and venous blood sampling. Antibody titers are determined by an assay employing electrochemiluminescence (ECLIA) and SARS-CoV-2 total immunoglobulins are detected with specificity directed against the nucleocapsid antigen. Six individuals with confirmed COVID-19 and six individuals without COVID-19 are analyzed. Antibody titers in capillary venous whole blood did not show significant differences, and when corrected for hematocrit, they did not differ from the results obtained from serum. In conclusion, capillary sampled EDTA-anticoagulated whole blood seems to be an attractive alternative matrix for the evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies when employing ECLIA for detecting total antibodies directed against nucleocapsid antibodies.

scholarly journals Preterm infants comfort before and after capillary blood sampling procedure

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karolina Balciunaite ◽  
Alina Vaskelyte
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Capillary Blood ◽  
Blood Sampling ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Capillary Blood Sampling

Abstract Background Because of the immaturity and severe condition preterm infants undergoes a lot of painful and stressful procedures during their care that can cause short-term and long-term negative consequences. Maintenance of optimal comfort is essential for good clinical practice. To assess the comfort of preterm infants before and after the capillary blood sampling procedure. Methods The quantitative observational study was conducted in May 2019—February 2020 in the University hospital NICU. The research instrument was a neonatal comfort scale COMFORTneo, which total scores ranged 6–30. Higher scores indicated higher discomfort. Preterm infant comfort was assessed before the capillary blood sampling procedure and 30 min. after applying non-pharmacological pain relief and comfort assurance methods and implementing the procedure. The research was conducted in accordance with ethical principles. Results Comfort was assessed in 157 preterm newborns with a gestational age of 30 ± 3.3 weeks and a postnatal age of 6.0 ± 5.7 days. The mean value of neonatal comfort before the capillary blood sampling procedure was 10.0 ± 3.2 points, after the procedure 9.1 ± 2.4 points. A statistically significant inverse relationship was found between pre-procedure and post-procedure comfort (Z = -5.374; P &lt; 0.001). A statistically significant weak inverse relationship was found between gestational age and comfort scores before the procedure (r = -0.204; P = 0.01) and after the procedure (r = -0.321; P = 0.008). Conclusions In most cases, preterm infants were feeling moderate discomfort before and after the capillary blood sampling procedure. Newborns had more discomfort before the procedure than 30 min. after the completion of the procedure. Lower gestational age newborns were feeling greater discomfort.

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