scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2 outbreak in a tri-national urban area is dominated by a B.1 lineage variant linked to mass gathering events

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madlen Stange ◽  
Alfredo Mari ◽  
Tim Roloff ◽  
Helena MB Seth-Smith ◽  
Michael Schweitzer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Phylogenetic Study ◽  
Mass Gathering ◽  
Travel History ◽  
First Case ◽  
The University ◽  
The City ◽  
Family Transmission

AbstractBackgroundThe first case of SARS-CoV-2 in Basel, Switzerland was detected on February 26th 2020. We present a phylogenetic study to explore viral introduction and evolution during the exponential early phase of the local COVID-19 outbreak from February 26th until March 23rd.MethodsWe sequenced SARS-CoV-2 naso-oropharyngeal swabs from positive 746 tests that were performed at the University Hospital Basel in the timeframe of our study. We successfully generated 468 high quality genomes from unique patients and called variants with our COVID-19 Pipeline (COVGAP). We analysed viral genetic diversity using PANGOLIN taxonomic lineages. To identify introduction and dissemination events we incorporated global SARS-CoV-2 genomes and inferred a time-calibrated phylogeny. We used epidemiological data to aid interpretation of phylogenetic patterns.FindingsThe early outbreak in Basel was dominated by lineage B.1 (83·6%), detected from March 2nd, although the first lineage identified was B.1.1. Within B.1, a clade defined by the SNP C15324T contains 68·2% of our samples (‘Basel cluster’), including 157 identical sequences at the root of the ‘Basel cluster’, suggesting local spreading events. We infer the origin of the ‘Basel cluster’ defining mutation to mid-February in our tri-national region. The remaining genomes map broadly over the global phylogenetic tree, evidencing several events of introduction from and/or dissemination to other regions of the world via travellers. We also observe family transmission events.InterpretationA single lineage variant dominated the outbreak in the City of Basel while other lineages such as the first (B1.1) did not propagate. We identify mass gathering events and less so travel returners and family transmission as causes for the local outbreak. We highlight the importance of adding specific questions to the epidemiological questionnaires that are collected, to obtain data on attendance of large gathering events and locations as well as travel history to effectively identify routes of transmissions in up-coming outbreaks. This phylogenetic analysis enriches epidemiological and contact tracing data, allowing, even retrospectively, connection of seemingly unconnected events, and can inform public health interventions.

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2 outbreak in a tri-national urban area is dominated by a B.1 lineage variant linked to a mass gathering event

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. e1009374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madlen Stange ◽  
Alfredo Mari ◽  
Tim Roloff ◽  
Helena MB Seth-Smith ◽  
Michael Schweitzer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Phylogenetic Study ◽  
Mass Gathering ◽  
Travel History ◽  
First Case ◽  
Patient Questionnaires ◽  
Initial Source ◽  
The University

The first case of SARS-CoV-2 in Basel, Switzerland was detected on February 26th 2020. We present a phylogenetic study to explore viral introduction and evolution during the exponential early phase of the local COVID-19 outbreak from February 26th until March 23rd. We sequenced SARS-CoV-2 naso-oropharyngeal swabs from 746 positive tests that were performed at the University Hospital Basel during the study period. We successfully generated 468 high quality genomes from unique patients and called variants with our COVID-19 Pipeline (COVGAP), and analysed viral genetic diversity using PANGOLIN taxonomic lineages. To identify introduction and dissemination events we incorporated global SARS-CoV-2 genomes and inferred a time-calibrated phylogeny. Epidemiological data from patient questionnaires was used to facilitate the interpretation of phylogenetic observations. The early outbreak in Basel was dominated by lineage B.1 (83·6%), detected first on March 2nd, although the first sample identified belonged to B.1.1. Within B.1, 68·2% of our samples fall within a clade defined by the SNP C15324T (‘Basel cluster’), including 157 identical sequences at the root of the ‘Basel cluster’, some of which we can specifically trace to regional spreading events. We infer the origin of B.1-C15324T to mid-February in our tri-national region. The other genomes map broadly over the global phylogenetic tree, showing several introduction events from and/or dissemination to other regions of the world via travellers. Family transmissions can also be traced in our data. A single lineage variant dominated the outbreak in the Basel area while other lineages, such as the first (B.1.1), did not propagate. A mass gathering event was the predominant initial source of cases, with travel returners and family transmissions to a lesser extent. We highlight the importance of adding specific questions to epidemiological questionnaires, to obtain data on attendance of large gatherings and their locations, as well as travel history, to effectively identify routes of transmissions in up-coming outbreaks. This phylogenetic analysis in concert with epidemiological and contact tracing data, allows connection and interpretation of events, and can inform public health interventions. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04351503.

scholarly journals First Case of Liver Glycogen Documented in the Pediatric Ward of the University Hospital of Treichville (Cote D’Ivoire)

2017 ◽  
Vol 07 (02) ◽  
pp. 72-76
Author(s):  
Jean-Jacques Yao Atteby ◽  
Lassina Cissé ◽  
Jacob Enoh ◽  
Kouadio Richard Azagoh ◽  
Germaine Niamké ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cote D'ivoire ◽  
Côte D’Ivoire ◽  
Liver Glycogen ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Cote D’Ivoire ◽  
Pediatric Ward ◽  
Côte D'ivoire ◽  
First Case ◽  
The University

scholarly journals Procedimentos invasivos e sepse em recém-nascidos de muito baixo peso: estudo descritivo

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 704
Author(s):  
Flavia do Valle Andrade Medeiros ◽  
Valdecyr Herdy Alves ◽  
Cristina Ortiz Sobrinho Valete ◽  
Eny Dórea Paiva ◽  
Diego Pereira Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Delivery Room ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Central Catheter ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The University ◽  
The City

Aim:  To  identify  the  type  of  sepsis  which  affected  newborns  withvery  low  birth  weight  and  invasive  care  procedures  to  which  they were  subjected  in  a university hospital in the city of Niterói, between the years 2008 and 2012. Method: This is a retrospective descriptive study using secondary data research in the medical records of  newborns  admitted  to  the  Neonatal  Intensive  Care  Unit  of  the  University  Hospital Antônio Pedro. Results: Of the 49 infants studied, 35 were diagnosed with early sepsis, eight with early and late sepsis and six late. The mean gestational age was 30.5 weeks and  the  weight  1.176,1  kg.  The  most  frequently  performed  care procedures  were: peripheral  venipuncture  (87.8%),  central  catheter  peripheral  venipuncture  (81.6%), assistance  to  ventilation  in  the  delivery  room  (69.4%)  and  intubation  in  the  delivery room  (28.6%).  Conclusion:  It is inferred  that the  lower  birth  weight is  associated  with the higher incidence of sepsis.

scholarly journals Management of Traumatic Injuries of Road Traffic Accident Victims in the City of Ouagadougou at the University Hospital Trauma Emergency Department-Yalgado Ouédraogo

2019 ◽  
Vol 09 (10) ◽  
pp. 212-223
Author(s):  
Alexandre S. Korsaga ◽  
Anatole J. I. Ouedraogo ◽  
Sayouba Tinto ◽  
Ives R. Kieno ◽  
Mamoudou Sawadogo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Road Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Traumatic Injuries ◽  
The University ◽  
The City

Corynebacterium diphtheriae Infection in Mahajanga, Madagascar: First Case Report

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rivo Solotiana Rakotomalala ◽  
Zo Zafitsara Andrianirina ◽  
Elisoa Ratsima ◽  
Patrick Randrianandraina ◽  
Frédérique Randrianirina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Diphtheria Toxin ◽  
Throat Swab ◽  
Neurological Complications ◽  
Corynebacterium Diphtheriae ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Rural Municipality ◽  
First Case ◽  
The University ◽  
Hospital Center

Abstract Diphtheria is an infection that has been unreported for more than two decades in Mahajanga. A child, aged 4, presented with a pseudomembranous pharyngitis was associated with a dysphagia. He was from a rural municipality of Ambato Boeny at Mahajanga province and was admitted to the Pediatric Unit of the University Hospital Center. The child was not immunized against diphtheria. A throat swab was performed and cultured, from which Corynebacterium diphtheriae was identified. The strain, of biovar Mitis, was confirmed as diphtheria toxin (DT)-gene positive and produced DT (Elek test). Unfortunately, the child developed cardiac and neurological complications and died of respiratory and heart failure.

scholarly journals Working conditions of Chagas' disease patients in a large Brazilian city

1999 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 381-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Elena Guariento ◽  
Maria Virgínia Fernandes Camilo ◽  
Ana Maria Arruda Camargo
Keyword(s):  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Labor Union ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Positive Serology ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Physical Examinations ◽  
The University ◽  
The City ◽  
Migratory Process

This study evaluated the working conditions of Chagas' disease patients in the city of Campinas, São Paulo, focusing on two-hundred-fifty patients with steady employment and treated at the University Hospital (HC-FCM/Unicamp): 98% were working-age and 77.6% were men. The origin of the patients reflected the migratory process occurring among this population. Most of the patients had limited professional skills, while 63.6% had not finished primary school and 21.6% were illiterate. However, 63.6% were regularly employed under duly processed work contracts. Their jobs were mainly in general services (21.6%) and heavy industry (21.2%). Some 55% of the patients reported a monthly income less than or equal to U$100.00, and 40.4% reported having been fired at least once during the last ten years, in 8.9% of the cases because of a diagnosis of Chagas' disease. Of the patients undergoing pre-hiring physical examinations (57.2%), 9.1% were refused, 92.3% of whom due to positive serology for T. cruzi. Finally, 78.4% reported not belonging to a labor union. The study demonstrated the precarious working conditions and discrimination experienced by workers with Chagas' disease.

scholarly journals Distribution of spa types among meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates during a 6 year period at a low-prevalence university hospital

2008 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 612-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukas Fenner ◽  
Andreas F. Widmer ◽  
Marc Dangel ◽  
Reno Frei
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Typing Method ◽  
Usa300 Clone ◽  
Successful Control ◽  
Great Genetic Diversity ◽  
Low Prevalence ◽  
The University

This study describes the distribution and frequencies of strain types by protein A-encoding gene (spa) typing among a total of 200 meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) single-patient isolates collected between 2000 and 2005 at the University Hospital Basel, Switzerland. Nine frequent spa types accounted for 49.5 % of MRSA isolates, whereas spa type t041 (15 % of all isolates) belonged to a local epidemic strain that is also a common strain type in southern Germany. Successful control of the outbreak strain was documented by epidemiological data and confirmed by spa typing results. The spa type t044 (3.5 %), corresponding to a widely disseminated European community-acquired MRSA (CA-MRSA), was first observed in 2002. The well-known CA-MRSA USA300 clone was detected in four patients (2 %). Sporadic strains occurring less than four times (32 different spa types) accounted for 23 % of isolates. No predominant spa type was seen, indicating a great genetic diversity. Only 34.5 % of patient isolates were acquired nosocomially. The presence of one or more of ten common virulence genes was shown in 79 % of strains. It was demonstrated that the sequence-based spa typing method allows analysis of local MRSA epidemiology in relation to other regions and countries over time.

scholarly journals The First Evidence of Lyme Neuroborreliosis in Southern Bosnia and Herzegovina

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Jurica Arapovic ◽  
Sinisa Skocibusic ◽  
Svjetlana Grgic ◽  
Jadranka Nikolic
Keyword(s):  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Facial Palsy ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Neurological Status ◽  
Antimicrobial Treatment ◽  
Lyme Neuroborreliosis ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
First Case ◽  
Dramatic Rise ◽  
The University

Lyme borreliosis (LB) is caused by the spirocheteBorrelia burgdorferi, which is transmitted to humans by ticks of theIxodes ricinuscomplex. It is manifested by a variety of clinical symptoms and affects skin, joints, heart, and nervous system. Neurological manifestations are predictable and usually include meningoencephalitis, facial palsy, or radiculopathy. Recently, a dramatic rise in the number of diagnosed cases of LB has been observed on the global level. Here we show the first case of Lyme neuroborreliosis in southern Bosnia and Herzegovina, which was first presented by erythema chronicum migrans. Unfortunately, it was not recognized or well treated at the primary care medicine. After eight weeks, the patient experienced headache, right facial palsy, and lumbar radiculopathy. After the clinical examination, the neurologist suspected meningoencephalitis and the patient was directed to the Clinic for Infectious Disease of the University Hospital Mostar, where he was admitted. The successful antimicrobial treatment with the 21-day course of ceftriaxone was followed by normalization of neurological status, and then he was discharged from the hospital. This case report represents an alert to all physicians to be aware that LB is present in all parts of Bosnia and Herzegovina, as well as in the neighboring regions.

scholarly journals Building the Universidad Nacional de Colombia Hospital: Reconciling social and academic aspects

2015 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 641-646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Carlos García-Ubaque
Keyword(s):  
Quality Care ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Chronic Illnesses ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Academic Needs ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
National University ◽  
Epidemiological Profile ◽  
The University ◽  
The City

<p>In the process of building the National University Hospital, an<br />analysis of the changing epidemiological profile of the population of Bogotá was undertaken, which examined the health care needs of the city, the academic needs of the university and institutional possibilities. It was made an analysis of the demographic and epidemiological profile of the population of Bogotá.</p><p><br />It was concluded that there were factors associated with the<br />epidemiological transition of aging, such as a low availability<br />of health services for the elderly and diseases related to that<br />care. Just as in the university, the hospital needs to develop<br />all aspects of patient care to be able to adequately respond<br />to the needs of this demographic from an interdisciplinary<br />perspective, ensuring quality care based on the criteria of<br />timeliness, accessibility, relevance, sufficiency, and continuity.</p><p>A proposal is outlined concluding that the first phase of the<br />portfolio of services that the University Hospital offers must<br />be geared towards geriatric care and chronic illnesses, due to<br />the aging of the general population as a result of a decline in<br />fertility and mortality. This care would cater towards so-called<br />permanent conditions that result in disability, or not easily<br />reversible physiopathological conditions that require longterm<br />care, as well as special training in secondary prevention<br />and rehabilitation for the patient and the family.</p>

scholarly journals Associated factors with otitis externa in the city of Antsiranana, Madagascar

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 810
Author(s):  
Patrick M. Randrianandraina ◽  
Mamy J. J. Razafimahatratra ◽  
Corinne E. Solo ◽  
Angelo H. Valisoa ◽  
Nathalie C. Razay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Practice ◽  
Otitis Externa ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Cotton Swab ◽  
History Of ◽  
Exposure Ratio ◽  
The University ◽  
The City

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Otitis externa is common in medical practice. This study aims to identify the contributing factors of otitis externa in the city of Antsiranana, Madagascar.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This is an analytical case-control type study, concerning patients with otitis externa, seen from January to July 2019, at the university hospital of place Kabary and at the grand Pavois medical practice, all in Antsiranana. The epidemiological, behavioural and clinical parameters were evaluated.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> We included 153 patients, among which 51were cases and 102 controls. The average age was 32.9 years (±19.41). The occurrence of otitis externa was significantly associated with the existence of a history of otitis externa, as well as ear cleaning 4 to 6 times per week (p=0.00; OR=46.17; CI=5.90-361.02). The diabetes exposure ratio was 18.79 in the ‘cases’ (p=0.00; CI=2.27-154.88), this ratio was 10.71 in the event of repeated swimming in pool (p=0.00; CI=2.22-51.70), 3.94 in case of ear cleaning with the cotton swab (p=00; CI=1.34-11, 60), and 2.23 when using headphones (p=0.02; CI=1.05-4.75).  The treatment of a previous otological pathology was a protective factor against otitis externa (OR=0.1500, p=0.0159, CI=0.0259-0.8689).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The occurrence of otitis externa is related to well define daily behaviours and to other associated clinical factors. Managing these risk factors is the first step in treatment of otitis externa.</p>

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