scholarly journals Dynamic blinking in the head of hardyhead silverside fish

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masakazu Iwasaka
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Scattered Light ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Light Reflection ◽  
Light Control ◽  
Animal Kingdom ◽  
Display Devices ◽  
Rapid Changes ◽  
Environmental Lighting

Dynamic light reflection can serve a similar purpose to tools such as digital line processing devices. It is interesting, therefore, that evidence of dynamic light reflection can also be found in the animal kingdom and that there may be alternative ways of actuating light control. This study discovered that several features contained in the heads of hardyhead silverside fish, particularly around the edges of the iris, caused blinking using environmentally scattered light. Analyzing the blinking using recorded video of the fish iris revealed that circular cells existing in the iris changed their light intensity at 2 Hz. These 5–10-μm-diameter cells are normally blue. However, it is found that a distinct light intensity changed in 0.04 seconds, and additional green and yellow colors overlapped with the blue. It is hoped that utilizing the mechanism that controls the rapid changes in light intensity using only environmental lighting can reduce electrical power usage in display devices.

Parameter Optimization for Vibration Flow Field of Polystyrene Melts via RBF Neural Networks Combined with SALS

2012 ◽  
Vol 602-604 ◽  
pp. 757-761
Author(s):  
Guang Ming Xian ◽  
Jing Ping Qu ◽  
Bi Qing Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Flow Field ◽  
Polymer Melts ◽  
Scattered Light ◽  
Projection Area ◽  
Rbf Neural Networks ◽  
Maximum Light ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Small Angle Light Scattering ◽  
Slit Die

This work aims at developing an accurate measurement of characterization flow field of polymer melts by small-angle light scattering (SALS). In this article we propose a new method, based on radial basis function neural network (RBFNN) for predicting the optimum vibration field parameters. A laser light passes through polymer melts in the visual slit die. The results reported in this study were obtained with polystyrene (PS) with rotation speed at 20 rpm. In order to capture the scattered light, a polarizer and an analyzer are placed before and after the polymer melts. RBFNN inputs consist of frequency and amplitude, which are used as input parameters to predict the maximum light intensity projection area. RBFNN predicts that the optimum value of frequency, amplitude are 15.86 Hz and 0.20mm, respectively. And the maximum light intensity projection area is predicted to be 9260 pixels.

scholarly journals Simulations of scattered light control algorithms for coronagraphic high contrast imaging

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott A. Basinger ◽  
Joseph J. Green ◽  
Stuart B. Shaklan ◽  
David C. Redding
Keyword(s):  
Scattered Light ◽  
Control Algorithms ◽  
High Contrast ◽  
Light Control ◽  
Contrast Imaging ◽  
High Contrast Imaging

scholarly journals Planar droplet sizing: Application to a spray of Jet A1 kerosene

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Doublet ◽  
Christine Lempereur ◽  
Virginel Bodoc ◽  
Mikael Orain ◽  
Pierre Gajan
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Scattered Light ◽  
Droplet Surface ◽  
Scattered Light Intensity ◽  
Field Of View ◽  
Fluorescence Signal ◽  
Droplet Volume ◽  
Image Processing Algorithm ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Scattering Angle

Optical techniques are  widely employed for their non-intrusive behavior and are applied to two-phase flowinvestigations. Until now, the most commonly used technique to determine the droplet size is the Phase Doppler Anemogranulometry, although it is time consuming for an overall injector characterization. An imaging technique called Planar Droplet Sizing has been used to offer an alternative and provide a spatially-resolved 2D map of the Sauter Mean Diameter (SMD). The measurement is based on the ratio between laser-induced fluorescence and scattered light intensities which are assumed to be proportional respectively to the droplet volume and droplet surface area. However, previous studies revealed that the dependence of fluorescence intensity on the droplet volume can be altered by the absorption of light in the liquid. The scattered light intensity depends on the scattering angle and intensity variations within the field of view must be avoided.The aim of this study is to make the PDS technique operational for a Jet A-1 kerosene spray. A strong absorption of liquid kerosene appears under UV excitation at 266 nm making the technique unsuitable. Under visible excitation at 532 nm, a fluorescent tracer (Pyrromethene 597) must be added to the kerosene to enhance the fluorescence signal. To prevent scattered light intensity variations within the field of view, an optimal scattering angle close to 115° is required. An image processing algorithm is proposed in order to reduce the effects ofmultiple scattering.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ILASS2017.2017.4698

scholarly journals Method for the Determination of Density and Phase Functions of Interplanetary Dust

1980 ◽  
Vol 90 ◽  
pp. 55-60
Author(s):  
A. Mujica ◽  
G. Lôpez ◽  
F. Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Unit Volume ◽  
Interplanetary Space ◽  
Scattered Light ◽  
Interplanetary Dust ◽  
Scattered Light Intensity ◽  
Zodiacal Light ◽  
Method Of Determination ◽  
Phase Functions

SummaryA method of determination of the scattered light intensity, , by a unit-volume of interplanetary space is presented. From ground base Zodiacal Light measurements and the experimental results of Pioneer X the density, ρ(r), and phase, σ(θ), functions are obtained without any previous assumptions about them.

scholarly journals Kinetic Study of Application of ZnO as a Photocatalyst in Heterogeneous Medium

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 531-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Vora ◽  
S. K. Chauhan ◽  
K. C. Parmar ◽  
S. B. Vasava ◽  
S. Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Photocatalytic Degradation ◽  
Kinetic Study ◽  
Heterogeneous Medium ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
Probable Mechanism ◽  
Band Gaps ◽  
Light Control ◽  
Substrate Ph ◽  
Kinetics Of

The photocatalytic degradation of 2,4-dinitrophenol over ZnO was carried out in the presence of light. Control experiments were carried out. The photocatalytic degradation of 2,4-dinitrophenol was observed spectro-photmerically. The various parameters like concentrations of substrate, pH, amounts and band gaps of semiconductor, impact of light intensity, sensitizers and radical quenchers affected the kinetics of the degradation process. A probable mechanism for this process has been proposed.

Correlation between Powder in the Plasma and Stability of High Rate Deposited a-Si:H

2005 ◽  
Vol 862 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guozhen Yue ◽  
Gautam Ganguly ◽  
Baojie Yan ◽  
Jeffrey Yang ◽  
Subhendu Guha
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Scattered Light ◽  
Scattered Light Intensity ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Invasive Technique ◽  
High Deposition Rate ◽  
Very High Frequency ◽  
Silicon Photodiode ◽  
Non Invasive

AbstractHydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) solar cells incorporating high deposition rate (8-10Å/s) intrinsic layers were deposited using modified very high frequency (MVHF) plasma. We have monitored the light scattered from powder generated in the plasma using an Ar-laser and a silicon photodiode. This simple, non-invasive technique allows us to make measurements on the same reactor used to make the solar cells. First, we have varied the total flow rate and observed a maximum in the scattered light intensity from powder in the plasma during the deposition of the intrinsic layer, and correlated this with the degradation, as well as the stabilized performance of the solar cells. Then, we have studied the effects of varying the deposition temperature and/or the addition of germane to the gas mixture on the scattered light intensity due to powder in the plasma.

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