scholarly journals Islet autoantibody level distributions in type 1 diabetes and their association with genetic and clinical characteristics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sian Louise Grace ◽  
Jack Bowden ◽  
Helen C Walkey ◽  
Akaal Kaur ◽  
Shivani Misra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Islet Autoantibody ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Age Of Diagnosis ◽  
Hla Dr3 ◽  
Islet Antigen ◽  
Autoantibody Level

Positivity for islet autoantibodies is used for diagnosis of type 1 diabetes. However, the importance of the autoantibody level at diagnosis of type 1 diabetes is not clear. Here, we assessed the association of glutamate decarboxylase (GADA), islet antigen-2 (IA-2A) and zinc transporter 8 (ZnT8A) autoantibody levels, measured using radiobinding assays, on genetic and clinical characteristics at diagnosis of 1536 participants with diabetes who were positive for these autoantibodies. We show that GADA and IA-2A levels had bimodal distributions, but ZnT8A level did not. The comparison of genetic and clinical characteristics between high and low level categories showed high GADA level was associated with older age at diagnosis, female sex and HLA-DR3-DQ2, whereas high IA-2A level was associated with younger age of diagnosis, ZnT8A positivity and HLA-DR4-DQ8. We replicated our findings in an independent cohort of 427 people with type 1 diabetes where autoantibodies were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. In conclusion, Islet autoantibody levels provide additional information over positivity in type 1 diabetes at diagnosis. The bimodality of islet autoantibody levels highlights the novel aspect of heterogeneity of type 1 diabetes which may have implications on prediction, treatment and prognosis.

scholarly journals Relationship between islet autoantibody status and the clinical characteristics of children and adults with incident type 1 diabetes in a UK cohort

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. e020904 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vassiliki Bravis ◽  
Akaal Kaur ◽  
Helen C Walkey ◽  
Ian F Godsland ◽  
Shivani Misra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Islet Autoantibody ◽  
Incident Type ◽  
Autoantibody Status

Islet Autoantibody TypesMark Differential Clinical Characteristics at Diagnosis of Pediatric Type 1 Diabetes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob Nieto ◽  
Beatriz Castillo ◽  
Marcela Astudillo ◽  
Mustafa Tosur ◽  
Ashok Balasubramanyam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Islet Autoantibody ◽  
Pediatric Type 1 Diabetes

scholarly journals Index60 Identifies Individuals at Appreciable Risk for Stage 3 Among an Autoantibody-Positive Population With Normal 2-Hour Glucose Levels: Implications for Current Staging Criteria of Type 1 Diabetes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brandon M. Nathan ◽  
Maria J. Redondo ◽  
Heba Ismail ◽  
Laura Jacobsen ◽  
Emily K. Sims ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Disease Stage ◽  
Composite Measure ◽  
C Peptide ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Design And Methods ◽  
Hla Dr3 ◽  
Positive Population

<u>Objective</u><b>:</b> We assessed whether Index60, a composite measure of fasting C-peptide, 60-minute C-peptide, and 60-minute glucose, could improve the metabolic staging of type 1 diabetes for progression to clinical disease (stage 3) among autoantibody positive (Ab+) individuals with normal 2-hour glucose values (<140 mg/dL). <p><u>Research Design and Methods</u>: We analyzed 3058 Type 1 Diabetes TrialNet Pathway to Prevention participants, with 2-hour glucose<140 mg/dL and Index60<1.00 values from baseline OGTTs. Characteristics associated with type 1 diabetes (younger age, greater autoantibody positivity [Ab+], higher HLA DR3-DQ2/DR4-DQ8 prevalence, lower C-peptide) were compared among four mutually exclusive groups: top 2-hour glucose quartile only [HI-2HGLU], top Index60 quartile only [HI-IND60], both top quartiles [HI-BOTH], neither top quartile [LO-BOTH]. Additionally, within the 2-hour glucose distribution of <140 mg/dL, and separately within the Index60<1.00 distribution, comparisons were made between those above or below the medians.</p> <p><u>Results</u>: HI-IND60 and HI-BOTH were younger, with greater frequency of >2 Ab+, and lower C-peptide levels than either HI-2HGLU or LO-BOTH (all p<0.001). The cumulative incidence for stage 3 was greater for HI-IND60 and HI-BOTH than either HI-2HGLU or LO-BOTH (all p<0.001). Those with Index60 values above the median were younger, had higher ≥2Ab+ (p<0.001) and DR3-DQ2/DR4-DQ8 prevalence (p<0.001), and lower AUC C-peptide levels (p<0.001) than those below. Those above the 2-hour glucose median had higher AUC C-peptide levels (p<0.001), but otherwise did not differ from those below. </p> <p><u>Conclusion</u>: Index60 identifies individuals with characteristics of type 1 diabetes at appreciable risk for progression who would otherwise be missed by 2-hour glucose staging criteria. </p>

scholarly journals Index60 Identifies Individuals at Appreciable Risk for Stage 3 Among an Autoantibody-Positive Population With Normal 2-Hour Glucose Levels: Implications for Current Staging Criteria of Type 1 Diabetes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brandon M. Nathan ◽  
Maria J. Redondo ◽  
Heba Ismail ◽  
Laura Jacobsen ◽  
Emily K. Sims ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Disease Stage ◽  
Composite Measure ◽  
C Peptide ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Design And Methods ◽  
Hla Dr3 ◽  
Positive Population

<u>Objective</u><b>:</b> We assessed whether Index60, a composite measure of fasting C-peptide, 60-minute C-peptide, and 60-minute glucose, could improve the metabolic staging of type 1 diabetes for progression to clinical disease (stage 3) among autoantibody positive (Ab+) individuals with normal 2-hour glucose values (<140 mg/dL). <p><u>Research Design and Methods</u>: We analyzed 3058 Type 1 Diabetes TrialNet Pathway to Prevention participants, with 2-hour glucose<140 mg/dL and Index60<1.00 values from baseline OGTTs. Characteristics associated with type 1 diabetes (younger age, greater autoantibody positivity [Ab+], higher HLA DR3-DQ2/DR4-DQ8 prevalence, lower C-peptide) were compared among four mutually exclusive groups: top 2-hour glucose quartile only [HI-2HGLU], top Index60 quartile only [HI-IND60], both top quartiles [HI-BOTH], neither top quartile [LO-BOTH]. Additionally, within the 2-hour glucose distribution of <140 mg/dL, and separately within the Index60<1.00 distribution, comparisons were made between those above or below the medians.</p> <p><u>Results</u>: HI-IND60 and HI-BOTH were younger, with greater frequency of >2 Ab+, and lower C-peptide levels than either HI-2HGLU or LO-BOTH (all p<0.001). The cumulative incidence for stage 3 was greater for HI-IND60 and HI-BOTH than either HI-2HGLU or LO-BOTH (all p<0.001). Those with Index60 values above the median were younger, had higher ≥2Ab+ (p<0.001) and DR3-DQ2/DR4-DQ8 prevalence (p<0.001), and lower AUC C-peptide levels (p<0.001) than those below. Those above the 2-hour glucose median had higher AUC C-peptide levels (p<0.001), but otherwise did not differ from those below. </p> <p><u>Conclusion</u>: Index60 identifies individuals with characteristics of type 1 diabetes at appreciable risk for progression who would otherwise be missed by 2-hour glucose staging criteria. </p>

Biochemical and clinical characteristics of polysystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) in women with and without type 1 diabetes (TID)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anjuli Gunness ◽  
Agnieska Pazderska ◽  
Mohamed Ahmed ◽  
Niamh Phelan ◽  
Gerard Boran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Ovarian Syndrome

The prevalence, immune profile, and clinical characteristics of children with celiac disease and type 1 diabetes mellitus in the state of Qatar

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Basma Haris ◽  
Ahmed Abdellatief ◽  
Houda Afyouni ◽  
Tasneem Abdel-Karim ◽  
Shayma Mohammed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
Positive Type ◽  
Immune Profile ◽  
Insulin Autoantibody

Abstract Objectives Children with antibody positive type 1 diabetes mellitus (type 1 diabetes) are at an increased risk of developing celiac disease (CD) which suggests a common autoimmune basis with both high-risk human lymphocyte antigen (HLA) and non-HLA factors playing a role in the pathophysiology. We aim to describe the prevalence, immune profile, and clinical characteristics of children with CD who have type 1 diabetes mellitus in Qatar. Methods All children (aged 0–18 years) attending a regional diabetes clinic with antibody positive type 1 diabetes were screened for CD. Measurement of tissue transglutaminase IgA and IgG as well as anti-endomysial antibody, was done, clinical details about the birth history, family history of diabetes and CD, age of onset, and ethnicity were collected. Results Out of the 1,325 children with antibody positive type 1 diabetes, 54 were identified to have CD on screening and then confirmed on small bowel biopsy. The prevalence of CD in the type 1 diabetes childhood population in Qatar is 4.07%. CD and type 1 diabetes were more prevalent in the Qatari children (n=32) as compared to non-Qatari (n=22) and occurred mostly in the age group 6–10 years. The most common type 1 diabetes antibodies in children with CD were glutamic acid decarboxylase and insulin autoantibody. Twelve subjects were asymptomatic for CD symptoms and picked up only on screening. Conclusions The prevalence of CD in children with type 1 diabetes in Qatar is comparable to reports from around the world. Many children were asymptomatic and thus routine screening is recommended.

244-OR: Toward Improved Identification of Adult-Onset Type 1 Diabetes (T1D): Clinical Characteristics Associated with T1D Polygenic Risk Scores in the Million Veteran Program (MVP)

Diabetes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 244-OR
Author(s):  
PETER K. YANG ◽  
SANDRA JACKSON ◽  
BRIAN R. CHAREST ◽  
MICHAEL N. WEEDON ◽  
YILING J. CHENG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Adult Onset ◽  
Polygenic Risk ◽  
Onset Type

243-OR: Integrating Genetic Risk Score and Islet Autoantibody Characteristics in the Predictive Model for Type 1 Diabetes in the TrialNet Study

Diabetes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 243-OR
Author(s):  
LAURIC A. FERRAT ◽  
ANDREA STECK ◽  
HEMANG M. PARIKH ◽  
LU YOU ◽  
SUNA ONENGUT-GUMUSCU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Predictive Model ◽  
Risk Score ◽  
Genetic Risk ◽  
Genetic Risk Score ◽  
Islet Autoantibody
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document