scholarly journals Controlled iris radiance in a diurnal fish looking at prey

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nico K. Michiels ◽  
Victoria C. Seeburger ◽  
Nadine Kalb ◽  
Melissa G. Meadows ◽  
Nils Anthes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movement ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
Active Sensing ◽  
Nocturnal Fish ◽  
Tripterygion Delaisi

1.SummaryActive sensing using light, or active photolocation, is only known from deep sea and nocturnal fish with chemiluminescent “search” lights. Bright irides in diurnal fish species have recently been proposed as a potential analogue. Here, we contribute to this discussion by testing whether iris radiance is actively modulated. The focus is on behaviourally controlled iris reflections, called “ocular sparks”. The triplefin Tripterygion delaisi can alternate between red and blue ocular sparks, allowing us to test the prediction that spark frequency and hue depend on background hue and prey presence. In a first experiment, we found that blue ocular sparks were significantly more often “on” against red backgrounds, and red ocular sparks against blue backgrounds, particularly when copepods were present. A second experiment tested whether hungry fish showed more ocular sparks, which was not the case. Again, background hue resulted in differential use of ocular spark types. We conclude that iris radiance through ocular sparks in T. delaisi is not a side effect of eye movement, but adaptively modulated in response to the context under which prey are detected. We discuss the possible alternative functions of ocular sparks, including an as yet speculative role in active photolocation.

scholarly journals Controlled iris radiance in a diurnal fish looking at prey

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 170838 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nico K. Michiels ◽  
Victoria C. Seeburger ◽  
Nadine Kalb ◽  
Melissa G. Meadows ◽  
Nils Anthes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movement ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
Active Sensing ◽  
Nocturnal Fish ◽  
Tripterygion Delaisi

Active sensing using light, or active photolocation, is only known from deep sea and nocturnal fish with chemiluminescent ‘search’ lights. Bright irides in diurnal fish species have recently been proposed as a potential analogue. Here, we contribute to this discussion by testing whether iris radiance is actively modulated. The focus is on behaviourally controlled iris reflections, called ‘ocular sparks’. The triplefin Tripterygion delaisi can alternate between red and blue ocular sparks, allowing us to test the prediction that spark frequency and hue depend on background hue and prey presence. In a first experiment, we found that blue ocular sparks were significantly more often ‘on’ against red backgrounds, and red ocular sparks against blue backgrounds, particularly when copepods were present. A second experiment tested whether hungry fish showed more ocular sparks, which was not the case. However, background hue once more resulted in a significant differential use of ocular sparks. We conclude that iris radiance through ocular sparks in T. delaisi is not a side effect of eye movement, but adaptively modulated in response to the context under which prey are detected. We discuss the possible alternative functions of ocular sparks, including an as yet speculative role in active photolocation.

scholarly journals Visual modelling supports the potential for prey detection by means of diurnal active photolocation in a small cryptobenthic fish

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre-Paul Bitton ◽  
Sebastian Alejandro Yun Christmann ◽  
Matteo Santon ◽  
Ulrike Katharina Harant ◽  
Nico K. Michiels
Keyword(s):  
Visual System ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Physical Process ◽  
Spectral Properties ◽  
Active Sensing ◽  
Prey Detection ◽  
Potential Prey ◽  
Environmental Light ◽  
Nocturnal Species ◽  
Tripterygion Delaisi

Active sensing has been well documented in animals that use echolocation and electrolocation. Active photolocation, or active sensing using light, has received much less attention, and only in bioluminescent nocturnal species. However, evidence has suggested the diurnal triplefin Tripterygion delaisi uses controlled iris radiance, termed ocular sparks, for prey detection. While this form of diurnal active photolocation was behaviourally described, a study exploring the physical process would provide compelling support for this mechanism. In this paper, we investigate the conditions under which diurnal active photolocation could assist T. delaisi in detecting potential prey. In the field, we sampled gammarids (genus Cheirocratus) and characterized the spectral properties of their eyes, which possess strong directional reflectors. In the laboratory, we quantified ocular sparks size and their angle-dependent radiance. Combined with environmental light measurements and known properties of the visual system of T. delaisi, we modeled diurnal active photolocation under various scenarios. Our results corroborate that diurnal active photolocation should help T. delaisi detect gammarids at distances relevant to foraging, 4.5 cm under favourable conditions and up to 2.5 cm under average conditions. Because ocular sparks are widespread across fish species, diurnal active photolocation for micro-prey may be a common predation strategy.

Microplastic Occurrence in Deep-Sea Fish Species Alepocephalus Bairdii and Coryphaenoides Rupestris from the Porcupine Bank (North Atlantic)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucía Soliño ◽  
Leticia Vidal-Liñán ◽  
Patricia Pérez-Pérez ◽  
Salvador García-Barcelona ◽  
Francisco Baldó ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fish Species ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Sea Fish

Length at maturity and relationship between weight and total length of five deep-sea fishes from the, Andaman and Nicobar Islands of India, North-eastern Indian Ocean

2020 ◽  
Vol 100 (4) ◽  
pp. 639-644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mullasseri Sileesh ◽  
B. Madhusoodana Kurup ◽  
Alphi Korath
Keyword(s):  
Fish Species ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Trawl Survey ◽  
Andaman And Nicobar Islands ◽  
Top Predators ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Nicobar Islands ◽  
Secondary Consumers ◽  
First Maturity

AbstractWe have estimated the length at maturity and length-weight relationships for five fish species inhabiting the deep-sea from the Andaman and Nicobar Islands off the Indian coast between 295–650 m deep in a trawl survey carried out in March–April 2017. Hauls were carried out by a high-speed Demersal Trawl Crustacean Version trawl net and analysis was performed for a total of 832 specimens. Length at first maturity of the five deep-sea fish species ranged from 14.28–105.73 cm while length at 90% maturity was in the range 17.87–159.83 cm. The length at maturity of the fish are Alepocephalus bicolor (male = 66.09, female = 105.73), Bathyclupea hoskynii (m = 15.14, f = 14.15), Chlorophthalmus corniger (m = 17.54, f = 15.31), Neoepinnula orientalis (m = 20.76, f = 16.76), and Neoscopelus microchir (m = 14.28, f = 15.40). The b value in the length-weight relationship ranged from 0.69–2.60, i.e. Alepocephalus bicolor (m = 1.93, f = 1.62), Bathyclupea hoskynii (m = 3.5, f = 1.66), Chlorophthalmus corniger (m = 2.07, f = 1.56), Neoepinnula orientalis (m = 2.86, f = 2.46) and Neoscopelus microchir (m = 0.89, f = 0.49). Based on these results, the b value showed an allometric relationship with length for all species studied, because these species have a similar morphometry, i.e. a flattened back. Since they are primary or secondary consumers at the bottom of consumer food webs, their roles are as predators of small–medium prey and as prey of top predators of food web chains.

Fish parasites in the Arctic deep-sea: Poor diversity in pelagic fish species vs. heavy parasite load in a demersal fish

2006 ◽  
Vol 53 (7) ◽  
pp. 1167-1181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sven Klimpel ◽  
Harry Wilhelm Palm ◽  
Markus Wilhelm Busch ◽  
Esra Kellermanns ◽  
Sonja Rückert
Keyword(s):  
Fish Species ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Parasite Load ◽  
Demersal Fish ◽  
Pelagic Fish ◽  
Fish Parasites ◽  
The Arctic

Sea Fishing at Salango (Manabí Province, Ecuador) During the Middle Formative Machalilla Phase

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippe Béarez ◽  
Patrick Gay ◽  
Richard Lunniss
Keyword(s):  
Marine Environment ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Yellowfin Tuna ◽  
Tuna Fishing ◽  
Late Formative ◽  
Fish Remains ◽  
Middle Formative

AbstractFormative Ecuadorian coastal societies possessed the technologies and skills necessary not only for fishing, but also for deep-sea navigation. Although marine shellfish are acknowledged as significant both for dietary and religious purposes, the importance of sea-fishing is rarely highlighted or explored. In order to help evaluate more fully the significance of the sea in the Ecuadorian Formative, this paper presents recently studied evidence, excavated at the Salango site, in the Province of Manabí, for local off-shore tuna fishing during the Middle Formative Machalilla phase (ca. 1500–900 B.C.), where Scombrids constituted 80 percent of recovered fish remains. The results are then compared with those obtained from other Machalilla sites. Finally, data from the subsequent Late Formative Engoroy phase (ca. 900–100 B.C.) indicate that while Scombrid fishing continued to predominate at Salango, species capture changed through time, with a shift from yellowfin tuna in the Machalilla phase to black skipjacks in Engoroy times. It is suggested that the decline in tuna capture reflects not so much change in fishing strategy as change in the populations of fish species reaching the local marine environment.

Length-weight relationship of six deep-sea fish species from the shelf regions of western Bay of Bengal and Andaman waters

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 1334-1336 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. V. Aneesh Kumar ◽  
R. Thomy ◽  
K. P. Deepa ◽  
M. Hashim ◽  
M. Sudhakar
Keyword(s):  
Fish Species ◽  
Bay Of Bengal ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Weight Relationship ◽  
Western Bay Of Bengal ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Sea Fish

scholarly journals Reproductive biology of three gadiform fish species through the Mediterranean deep-sea range (147-1850 m)

2002 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guiomar Rotllant ◽  
Joan Moranta ◽  
Enric Massutí ◽  
Francisco Sardà ◽  
Beatriz Morales-Nin
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Biology ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
The Mediterranean

scholarly journals NUTRIENT AND STEROID CONTENTS OF SOME DEEP SEA FISH SPESIES FROM WESTERN SUMATERA, EASTERN INDIAN OCEAN

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Sugeng Hari Suseno ◽  
Ali Suman ◽  
Wudianto Wudianto ◽  
Arin Damayanti
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Eastern Indian Ocean ◽  
Sea Fish

The purpose of this research is to observe the content of nutrient and steroid of some deep sea fish from western Sumatera of the IndianOcean. A number of 11 fish species was examired in this work.

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