scholarly journals Organization of state transitions in the resting-state human cerebral cortex

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiyoung Kang ◽  
Chongwon Pae ◽  
Hae-Jeong Park
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Transition State ◽  
Resting State ◽  
State Transition ◽  
The State ◽  
State Transitions ◽  
Local Minima ◽  
Stable States ◽  
Human Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Cortical System

AbstractThe resting-state brain is often considered a nonlinear dynamic system transitioning among multiple coexisting stable states. Despite the increasing number of studies on the multistability of the brain system, the processes of state transitions have rarely been systematically explored. Thus, we investigated the state transition processes of the human cerebral cortex system at rest by introducing a graph-theoretic analysis of the state transition network. The energy landscape analysis of brain state occurrences, estimated using the pairwise maximum entropy model for resting-state fMRI data, identified multiple local minima, some of which mediate multi-step transitions toward the global minimum. The state transition among local minima is clustered into two groups according to state transition rates and most inter-group state transitions were mediated by a hub transition state. The distance to the hub transition state determined the path length of the inter-group transition. The cortical system appeared to have redundancy in inter-group transitions when the hub transition state was removed. Such a hub-like organization of transition processes disappeared when the connectivity of the cortical system was altered from the resting-state configuration. In summary, the resting-state cerebral cortex has a well-organized architecture of state transitions among stable states, when evaluated by nonlinear systematic approach.

scholarly journals The laminar pattern of resting state in human cerebral cortex

2021 ◽  
Vol 76 ◽  
pp. 8-16
Author(s):  
Anna Rita Egbert ◽  
Emilia Łojek ◽  
Bharat Biswal ◽  
Agnieszka Pluta
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Human Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Laminar Pattern

Schizophrenia as a Disorder of Cerebral State Transition

1986 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Wright ◽  
R. R. Kydd
Keyword(s):  
State Transition ◽  
Finite State Machines ◽  
The State ◽  
State Transitions ◽  
Brain State ◽  
State Machines ◽  
Electrocortical Activity ◽  
Wave Nature ◽  
Finite State

This paper offers a speculative consideration of the schizophrenic process in the light of recent findings concerning the wave nature of electrocortical activity. These findings indicate that changes of brain state can be described in the terminology of finite-state machines, and both the instantaneous states and the state transitions can be specified. It is suggested that the mental phenomena of schizophrenia may be reducible to events (some specific type of instability) which could be observed by appropriate analytic techniques applied to EEG. Present empirical EEG findings in schizophrenics are reviewed in this light, and the role of dopamine blockade in treatment is also considered.

Research on Transition State of Battlefield Situation Based on Rough Sets Bayesian Net

2011 ◽  
Vol 271-273 ◽  
pp. 501-506
Author(s):  
Ze Ding ◽  
Quan Di Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Transition State ◽  
Rough Sets ◽  
State Transition ◽  
The State ◽  
Decision Table ◽  
Confidence Degree ◽  
Attribute Value

To solve the problem of lacking of inferential evidence which exists in state transition of battlefield situation of Bayesian net, the methodology of state transition of battlefield situation based on rough sets and Bayesian net is proposed. Furthermore, the method of getting causal intensity based on decision table to calculate the confidence degree of corresponding battlefield situation node is researched, and the confidence degree is modified by non-redundant attribute value. Finally, the state transition of battlefield situation based on Bayesian net inference is discussed in detail. And a case study of anti-air operation is given to verify the correctness and validity of the proposed method.

C-fos, ERK1/2, MAP2, NOTCH1 Proteins Expression Patterns in Human Cerebral Cortex Neurons after Ischemic Stroke

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 226-233
Author(s):  
Svetlana P. Sergeeva ◽  
Aleksey V. Lyundup ◽  
Valery V. Beregovykh ◽  
Petr F. Litvitskiy ◽  
Aleksey A. Savin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Immunohistochemical Method ◽  
Left Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Contralateral Hemisphere ◽  
Human Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Fos Protein ◽  
Urgent Task ◽  
Indirect Immunoperoxidase

Background. The search for protein (these include c-fos, ERK1/2, MAP2, NOTCH1) expression that provide neuroplasticity mechanisms of the cerebral cortex after ischemic stroke (IS) patterns is an urgent task. Aims to reveal c-fos, ERK1/2, MAP2, NOTCH1 proteins expression patterns in human cerebral cortex neurons after IS. Materials and methods. We studied 9 left middle cerebral artery (LMCA) IS patients cerebral cortex samples from 3 zones: 1 the zone adjacent to the necrotic tissue focus; 2 zone remote from the previous one by 47 cm; 3 zone of the contralateral hemisphere, symmetric to the IS focus. Control samples were obtained from 3 accident died people. Identification of targeted proteins NSE, c-fos, ERK1/2, MAP2, NOTCH1 was performed by indirect immunoperoxidase immunohistochemical method. Results. Moving away from the ischemic focus, there is an increase in the density of neurons and a decrease in the damaged neurons proportion, the largest share of c-fos protein positive neurons in zone 2, NOTCH1 positive neurons in zone 1, smaller fractions of ERK1/2 and MAP2 positive neurons compared to the control only in samples of zone 1. Conclusions. With the IS development, the contralateral hemisphere is intact tissue increased activation zone, while the zones 1 and 2 have pathological activation signs. In zone 1 of the range, the adaptive response of the tissue decreases, and in zone 2 it expands. Therefore, a key target for therapeutic intervention is zone 2.

Survey for Transition of Normal Reaction

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan Akbari Rahimi
Keyword(s):  
Transition State ◽  
Reactive Intermediates ◽  
The State ◽  
Energy Profile ◽  
Normal Reaction ◽  
Unstable Molecules ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Bond Vibration ◽  
Unstable Molecule ◽  
Profile Diagram

Transition of reaction is a short-lived unstable molecule in a reaction which is formed in between the reaction when reactants change into products. Whereas, transition state is just the state before formation of new molecule (involves breaking of bonds of reactants and formation of new ones) Transition of reaction differs from a transition state in that the intermediate has a discrete lifetime (be it a few nanoseconds or many days), whereas a transition state lasts for just one bond vibration cycle. Intermediates may be unstable molecules (in which case they are called reactive intermediates) or highly stable molecules. The difference between them can be better described through the energy profile diagram.

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