Method for measuring the position of the normal reaction on the vehicle wheel

The paper deals with the study of the reaction positions of the support surface on the vehicle wheels. The problems is that the longitudinal drifts of the normal reaction are not fully described. There is no initial data on the rolling radii in the presence of a moment on the wheel. The existing problem does not allow considering components of the longitudinal drifts of normal reactions. The authors noted that the accuracy of predicting the stability and controllability of the vehicle deteriorates. The way out of this is to search other ways to determine the values of these drifts. In conclusion, the authors admitted dividing the general drift of the normal reaction into three components. The paper proposes a measurement method to determine the existence and numerical value of the third component. This method includes indirectly measuring the normal reaction drift that was implemented on an experimental setup.

Analysis Of Anxiety Levels Of Pregnant Women During The Covid-19 Pandemic In Indonesia

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) is a new type of disease caused by the Sars-CoV-2 virus. The unpredictability of the Covid-19 pandemic makes people prone to severe anxiety. Anxiety is a normal reaction to uncertainty and things that may harm. Research has shown that pregnant women are especially prone to anxiety with the prevalence of gestational anxiety. The impact of the COVID–19 pandemic on pregnancy-related anxiety has yet to be systematically studied. This research aims to assess the level of anxiety of pregnant women during the Covid-19 pandemic and to analyze the causes. This type of research is descriptive-analytic with the cross-sectional approach. The study was conducted in March-April 2020 with a total of 154 pregnant women respondents from various regions in Indonesia. The results showed that the majority of respondents were not anxious, namely 89 respondents (57.8%), respondents with mild anxiety were 58 respondents (37.7%), moderate anxiety was 5 respondents (3.2%) and severe anxiety was 2 respondents (1.3%). The low rate of anxiety in pregnant women during the Covid-19 pandemic was due to the availability of information about the causes, modes of transmission, and massive prevention of Covid-19 through various media as well as guaranteed services and availability of health facilities.

Estimation of Wheels' Normal Reaction Forces of Automobile in Steady-State Curvilinear Motion

Computer simulation seems to be one of the cheapest and relatively fast methods of investigating vehicle motion. Thereby, it may be important in the case of calculations for the reconstruction of traffic incidents. In particular, that may be important to answer the following question: How wheels' normal reaction forces differ during the cornering of a vehicle? In this article, the authors presented how the normal reaction forces vary in the case of roll motion of a vehicle body. Suitable mathematical equations are presented. Furthermore, the measurements of the height of the centre of gravity were performed, which was necessary to obtain the normal reaction forces while vehicle body rolls. The authors decided to apply dimensionless coefficients, which represented the properties of a front and rear suspension. Additionally, dimensionless parameters were applied to consider the impact of asymmetrical distribution of vehicle load on normal reaction forces of wheels on a road surface.

The Effectiveness of Coloring in Reducing Anxiety and Improving PWB in Adolescents

Anxiety is a normal reaction to stressful situations. Excessive anxiety can affect various aspects of life, especially in adolescents. Adolescents who have anxiety tend to experience sleep disorders, substance abuse, and suicide. Therefore, intervention is needed for adolescents who experience anxiety. One of the appropriate interventions for adolescents is art therapy with coloring techniques. Previous research has obtained evidence that coloring can reduce anxiety and improve psychological well-being (PWB). This study aims to determine the effectiveness of coloring activities in reducing anxiety and increasing PWB in adolescents. By using a quasi-experimental design pretest-posttest, total participants in this study were 26 students aged 15-18 years, were divided into two groups, such as mandala and other shapes coloring groups. The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) is used to measure anxiety and the PWB questionnaire is used to measure psychological well-being. Using paired sample t-test showed that both coloring groups experienced a decrease in state anxiety before and after the intervention, but there was no significant increase in PWB. Further analysis found that mandala coloring activities were more effective in reducing anxiety than other forms of coloring activities, and PWB of the two groups did not increase. It can be concluded that coloring activities can reduce state anxiety but has not been able to increase PWB.

GAMBARAN PENGETAHUAN MASYARAKAT TENTANG CARA MENANGANI KECEMASAN AKIBAT PANDEMI COVID 19 DI DESA SUKAMAJU RIAU

ABSTRAK Kecemasan adalah gangguan alam perasaan yang ditandai dengan perasaan ketakutan dan kekhawatiran yang mendalam dan berkelanjutan, tidak mengalami gangguan dalm menilai realitas, kepribadian masih tetap utuh prilaku dapat terganggu tetapi dalam batas normal. Kecemasan akibat pandemic covid-19 merupakan reaksi normal terhadap situasi yang menekan namun menjadi berlebihan, dapat menyebabkan ketakutan seseorang yang tidak rasional terhadap sesuatu hal. sehingga pada Provinsi Riau, kasus positif corona terus mengalami lonjakan yang sangat tajam, berdasarkan data terdapat 43.391 suspek dan total 12.318 konfirmasi untuk data (WHO 2020) sedangkan pada Kabupaten Rokan Hulu terdapat total 359 suspek, total kematian 6, selesai isolasi 142 dan terkonfirmasi 246 orang (WHO 2020). Tujuan penelitianini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran pengetahuan masyarakat tentang menangani kecemasan akibat pandemic covid-19 di Desa Suka Maju. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain deskriptif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini yang berjumlah 1.836 orang. Sampel sebanyak 367. Masyarakat di Desa Suka maju. Teknik pengambilan sampel adalah multiplechoice. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan kuesioner dengan 20 pertanyaan. Hasil diperoleh pengetahuan masyarakat berada di ketegori kurang yaitu 222 orang (60.5%), cukup 141 (38.4%), baik 4 (1.1%). Dan diharapkan kepada masyarakat dapat meningkatkan wawasan tentang cara menangani kecemasan akibat pandemic covid-19. Kata Kunci : Pengetahuan, Kecemasan, Covid-19 ABSTRACT Anxiety is a natural disorder characterized by deep and sustained feelings of fear and worry, no disturbance in assessing reality, personality is still intact, behavior can be disturbed but within normal limits. Anxiety due to the Covid-19 pandemic is a normal reaction to stressful situations. but being excessive, can cause someone's irrational fear of something. so that in Riau province, positive cases of corona continued to experience a very sharp spike, based on the data there were 43,391 suspects and a total of 12,318 confirmations for data (WHO 2020) while in Rokan Hulu district there were a total of 359 suspects, 6 total deaths, 142 completed isolation and 246 confirmed People (WHO 2020) The purpose of this study is to describe the knowledge of the community about dealing with anxiety due to the Covid-19 pandemic in a progressive village. This research is a quantitative research with a descriptive design. The population in this study amounted to 1,836 people. The sample was 367 People in the village of Suka advanced. The sampling technique was multiplechoice. The research instrument used a questionnaire with 20 questions. The result was that the knowledge of the community was in the poor category, namely 222 people (60.5%), quite 141 (38.4%), good 4 (1.1%). And it is hoped that the public can increase insight on how to deal with anxiety due to the Covid-19 pandemic. Keywords : Knowledge, Anxiety, Covid-19

Analytical determination of application point and normal reaction arm when rolling a wheel on a drum

Evaluation of the rolling resistance of car tires is now often performed on drum stands like car tests. This necessitates the study of the mechanics of interaction between the wheel and the drum in order to determine its force and kinematic characteristics, including the values and points of application of tangential and normal forces in contact with the drum. These problems can be solved taking into account that the mechanics of elastic wheel rolling on a drum is the same as when rolling on a flat rigid support surface. In this paper, from consideration of the mechanics of interaction between an elastic wheel and a drum, using the equations of power balance and force equilibrium of the wheel, the equations for determining the point of normal reaction in contact and its arm relative to the wheel axis during its rolling along one and two drums have been derived.. These dependencies have a simple form and can be applied when considering the rolling of both a single wheel and the car as a whole on a drum stand.

Morphing Capabilities and Safe Operation Zone of the Utility Truck Boom Equipment

Utility trucks are the first responders in extreme climate and severe weather situations, for saving people’s lives to restoring traffic on the roads. However, such trucks can create dangerous situations on the roads, and off-road conditions, while moving, and performing tasks. Trucks equipped with large booms for reaching elevated heights can become unstable due to their geometry change, which can cause a drastic variation of the truck-boom system’s moment of inertia, and the extreme weight re-distribution among the wheels. Morphing capabilities of the utility trucks need to be investigated together with the vehicle-road forces in order to hold the vehicle safe on the roads. In this research paper, static analysis and range of the normal reaction at the wheel of the utility truck is performed to characterize a safe working zone of the boom equipment when the truck is in the flat and titled surface. The analysis is performed for 5-degree of freedom boom equipment with revolute and translational joints in a complex constrained space given by the truck design using 3D moment and force-vector analysis. The possible morphing configuration of the boom equipment is examined in order to define static normal reactions at the wheel-road interaction. Further, the morphing of the boom equipment is investigated to determine limiting configurations that can be reached without rolling over the truck. In this analysis, it is assumed that the wheels provide enough friction between the tires and road so that tire slippage does not extensively occur, and the utility truck is assumed as a rigid body. In this study, utility truck equipped with boom equipment is utilized in this study for numerical illustration.

Comparative study regarding the level of anxiety in various categories of athletes

The Romanian Language Dictionary (2009) defines anxiety as inquietude, unrest, fear. The athletes' emotional states can change easily, especially in less experienced athletes, often near acompetition that demands reaching a goal, or when they find themselves in new situations. This can cause them to block or have no reaction in key moments. Professional sports regard anxietyas a normal reaction of the athlete's body, believing that in this manner it adapts to new conditions and functional parameters. The study was based on the hypothesis stating that anxietycould have various levels in athletes before a competition, according to their sport. The research was conducted on 45 athletes practicing wrestling, track and field, and boxing at a national level, for various Bacau sports clubs. The main research method for this study was the inquiry, and the working instrument was the questionnaire - J. Taylor's anxiety scale.

The Psycho-biophysical Modeling of the some Stress Parameters

The human organism is a biophysical system. Stress represents a normal reaction of the organism which appears as a response to an aggression situation which requires an unusual and quick adaptation effort from the organism. Stress is a state of putting in alert, of mobilizing the forces of the organism in the occasion of an event which requires, in order to be kept under control, a big amount of energy in a very short time. This alert state or action preparation translated through physical and psychological manifestations. In higher-level living organisms the following forms of regulation are known: biological, nervous, hormonal, humoral and immune regulation. In the case of humans, psychic regulation also appears due to the existence of psychic activity. We study only two forms of the stress: fear and death. We present different biophysical modeling aspects. The stress in the human organism is a pertur­bation. This perturbation is regulates by negative feedback.