scholarly journals Environmental association identifies candidates for tolerance to low temperature and drought

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Lei ◽  
Ana M. Poets ◽  
Chaochih Liu ◽  
Skylar R. Wyant ◽  
Paul J. Hoffman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Wild Progenitor ◽  
Bioclimatic Variables ◽  
Environmental Association ◽  
Barley Landraces ◽  
Latitudinal Range ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare Ssp

AbstractBarley (Hordeum vulgare ssp. vulgare) is cultivated from the equator to the Arctic Circle. The wild progenitor species, Hordeum vulgare ssp. spontaneum, occupies a relatively narrow latitudinal range (~30 – 40° N) primarily at low elevation (< 1,500 m). Adaptation to the range of cultivation has occurred over ~8,000 years. The genetic basis of this adaptation is amenable to study through environmental association. Using genotyping from 7,864 SNPs in 803 barley landraces, we performed mixed model association analysis relative to bioclimatic variables and analysis of allele frequency differentiation across multiple partitions of the data. Using resequencing data from a subset of these landraces, we tested for linkage disequilibrium (LD) between SNPs queried in genotyping and SNPs in neighboring loci. Six loci previously reported to contribute to adaptive differences in flowering time and abiotic stress in barley and six loci previously identified in other plant species were identified in our analyses. In many cases, patterns of LD are consistent with the causative variant occurring in the immediate vicinity of the queried SNP. The identification of barley orthologs to well characterized genes may provide new understanding of the nature of adaptive variation and could permit a more targeted use of potentially adaptive variants in barley breeding and germplasm improvement.

scholarly journals Environmental Association Identifies Candidates for Tolerance to Low Temperature and Drought

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 3423-3438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Lei ◽  
Ana M. Poets ◽  
Chaochih Liu ◽  
Skylar R. Wyant ◽  
Paul J. Hoffman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Abiotic Stress Tolerance ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Bioclimatic Variables ◽  
Environmental Association ◽  
Barley Landraces ◽  
Latitudinal Range

Barley (Hordeum vulgare ssp. vulgare) is cultivated from the equator to the Arctic Circle. The wild progenitor species, Hordeum vulgare ssp. spontaneum, occupies a relatively narrow latitudinal range (∼30 - 40° N) primarily at low elevation (< 1,500 m). Adaptation to the range of cultivation has occurred over ∼8,000 years. The genetic basis of adaptation is amenable to study through environmental association. An advantage of environmental association in a well-characterized crop is that many loci that contribute to climatic adaptation and abiotic stress tolerance have already been identified. This provides the opportunity to determine if environmental association approaches effectively identify these loci of large effect. Using published genotyping from 7,864 SNPs in 803 barley landraces, we examined allele frequency differentiation across multiple partitions of the data and mixed model associations relative to bioclimatic variables. Using newly generated resequencing data from a subset of these landraces, we tested for linkage disequilibrium (LD) between SNPs queried in genotyping and SNPs in neighboring loci. Six loci previously reported to contribute to adaptive differences in flowering time and abiotic stress in barley and six loci previously identified in other plant species were identified in our analyses. In many cases, patterns of LD are consistent with the causative variant occurring in the immediate vicinity of the queried SNP. The identification of barley orthologs to well-characterized genes may provide a new understanding of the nature of adaptive variation and could permit a more targeted use of potentially adaptive variants in barley breeding and germplasm improvement.

scholarly journals Phenotypic Plasticity and Genetic Variation of Leaf Pigment Content in a Southern Beech

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Andres Arias Rios ◽  
Veronica Andrea El Mujtar ◽  
Mario Juan Pastorino ◽  
Paula Marchelli
Keyword(s):  
Phenotypic Plasticity ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Linear Mixed Model ◽  
Pigment Content ◽  
Climatic Data ◽  
Bud Burst ◽  
Functional Responses ◽  
Leaf Pigment ◽  
Bioclimatic Variables ◽  
Pigment Concentrations

Abstract Physiological, morphological and phenological attributes are potentially adaptive traits that determine functional responses to certain environmental conditions. They are crucial for understanding adaptations to environmental variation along a species natural range. In particular, leaf pigment content can be a good proxy to the physiological and phenological tree state. Our goal was to evaluate the variation in pigment traits among Nothofagus alpina populations in a common garden trail during two years to infer local adaptation and/or phenotypic plasticity. We also aim to analyse the correlation between pigment traits and phenological traits and climatic data from the geographic location of the populations. To comprise the entire range of the species in Argentina, we analysed 400 individuals from eight natural populations coming from four lake watersheds. Pigment traits were estimated using a spectrophotometer and analysed with linear mixed model (LMM). Significant differences among fixed factors (populations - years and watershed – years) were found in chlorophyl a, b, total, carotenoids and anthocyanins concentrations. Higher concentrations were found for 2018, year with the highest number of rainy days and accumulated precipitation. Two populations (Boquete and Tren Tren) were always the most contrasting ones. At population level, the correlation between the means of pigment concentrations and phenological traits was significant in almost all cases. Conversely, the correlation between the means of population pigment concentrations and the main geographic, climatic and bioclimatic variables of the home range were not significant. The significance of the environmental factor (year) in the linear mixed models tested is evidence of phenotypic plasticity of pigment content, suggesting flexibility for acclimatization to moderate inter-annual changes in climatic conditions. The significance of population and watershed and the influence of the family factor on the variance of the pigment traits are evidence of the genetic control as well as the potential adaptive value of leaf pigment content in N. alpina, giving a base for adaptation to a long-lasting change in climate. High correlations between phenological and pigment traits indicate that, in N. alpina, the determination of only one pigment concentration could be used as a proxy of bud burst, senescence and growing degree days.

scholarly journals Short communication: QTL mapping for ear tip-barrenness in maize

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. e07SC01 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junqiang Ding ◽  
Jinliang Ma ◽  
Jiafa Chen ◽  
Tangshun Ai ◽  
Zhimin Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Interval Mapping ◽  
Mapping Method ◽  
Additive Effects ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Model Composite

Barren tip on corn ear is an important agronomic trait in maize, which is highly associated with grain yield. Understanding the genetic basis of tip-barrenness may help to reduce the ear tip-barrenness in breeding programs. In this study, ear tip-barrenness was evaluated in two environments in a F2:3 population, and it showed significant genotypic variation for ear tip-barrenness in both environments. Using mixed-model composite interval mapping method, three additive effects quantitative trait loci (QTL) for ear tip-barrenness were mapped on chromosomes 2, 3 and 6, respectively. They explained 16.6% of the phenotypic variation, and no significant QTL × Environment interactions and digenic interactions were detected. The results indicated that additive effect was the main genetic basis for ear tip-barrenness in maize. This is the first report of QTL mapped for ear tip-barrenness in maize.

scholarly journals Mapping and validation of major quantitative trait loci for kernel length in wild barley (Hordeum vulgare ssp. spontaneum)

BMC Genetics ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Zhou ◽  
Shihang Liu ◽  
Yujiao Liu ◽  
Yaxi Liu ◽  
Jing You ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Trait Loci ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Wild Barley ◽  
Kernel Length ◽  
Trait Loci ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare Ssp

A novel barley scald resistance gene: genetic mapping of the Rrs15 scald resistance gene derived from wild barley, Hordeum vulgare ssp. spontaneum

2005 ◽  
Vol 124 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. K. Genger ◽  
K. Nesbitt ◽  
A. H. D. Brown ◽  
D. C. Abbott ◽  
J. J. Burdon
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Genetic Mapping ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Wild Barley ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare Ssp

The use of random amplified microsatellite polymorphic DNA and coefficients of parentage to determine genetic relationships in barley

Genome ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 477-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
J A Dávila ◽  
M P Sánchez de la Hoz ◽  
Y Loarce ◽  
E Ferrer
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Mantel Test ◽  
Winter Barley ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Simple Sequence ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare Ssp

Seventy European barley lines (Hordeum vulgare ssp. vulgare) and 29 Hordeum vulgare ssp. spontaneum accessions were evaluated for random amplified microsatellite polymorphism (RAMP). PCR was performed with 5'-anchored primers complementary to microsatellites in combination with random primers. Of 20 primers assayed in barley, only 9 produced well-resolved fragment patterns in H. vulgare ssp. spontaneum. On the basis of 56 polymorphic fragments, genetic distances between the two subspecies were calculated. Barley samples were subdivided according to growth habit and spike morphology. The smallest genetic distance was found between winter cultivars and accessions of H. vulgare ssp. spontaneum. The 20 primers assayed in the barley lines produced 140 polymorphic fragments that were used to calculate genetic similarity between lines. Mean genetic similarity within groups of lines ranged from 0.693 for 6-rowed winter barley to 0.657 for 6-rowed spring barley. Within these groups, mean values were significantly higher than mean genetic similarity between groups. Principal-coordinate analysis clearly separated the 2-rowed spring and 6-rowed winter types. Cluster analysis of spring and winter types showed subclustering consistent with the available pedigrees. Coefficients of parentage (COPs) were calculated for 29 spring and 20 winter lines. Mean values of 0.0741 for spring barley and 0.0458 for winter barley were obtained. RAMP-based genetic similarity matrices were compared with the corresponding COP-based matrices by the Mantel test. The correlation between them was poor (r = 0.21, P < 0.05), indicating little relationship between these two estimators of genetic similarity. The relative influence of factors involved in the calculation of these two estimators is discussed.Key words: genetic diversity, microsatellites, simple sequence repeats, fingerprinting, barley.

Cloning and Characterization of Three B Hordein Genes From Hordeum vulgare ssp. agriocrithon

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 1343-1347
Author(s):  
Z.E. Pu ◽  
Y.C. Hou ◽  
X.X. Xu ◽  
Z.H. Yan ◽  
Y.M. Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare Ssp

Salinity tolerance of wild barley Hordeum vulgare ssp. spontaneum

2019 ◽  
Vol 139 (2) ◽  
pp. 304-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Ebrahim ◽  
Ahmad Arzani ◽  
Mehdi Rahimmalek ◽  
Dongfa Sun ◽  
Junhua Peng
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Salinity Tolerance ◽  
Wild Barley ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare Ssp
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