scholarly journals Genetic analysis of Aegilops tauschii-derived seedling resistance to leaf rust in synthetic hexaploid wheat

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Volker Mohler ◽  
Michael Schmolke ◽  
Friedrich J. Zeller ◽  
Sai L.K. Hsam
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Hexaploid Wheat ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Leaf Rust Resistance ◽  
Synthetic Hexaploid Wheat ◽  
Specific Marker ◽  
Monosomic Analysis ◽  
Seedling Resistance ◽  
Synthetic Hexaploid

SummarySeedling resistance to leaf rust available in the synthetic hexaploid wheat line Syn137 was characterized by means of cytogenetic and linkage mapping. Monosomic analysis located a single dominant gene for leaf rust resistance on chromosome 5D. Molecular mapping not only confirmed this location but also positioned the gene to the distal part of the long arm of chromosome 5D. A test of allelism showed that the gene, tentatively named LrSyn137, is independent but closely linked to Lr1. It appears that Syn137 is occasionally heterogeneous for Lr1 since the analysis of the Lr1-specific marker RGA567-5 in the mapping population indicated the presence of Lr1. Syn137 represents another source of genetic variation that can be useful for the diversification of leaf rust resistance in wheat cultivars.

INHERITANCE IN HEXAPLOID WHEAT OF LEAF RUST RESISTANCE AND OTHER CHARACTERS DERIVED FROM AEGILOPS SQUARROSA

1969 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 639-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. R. Kerber ◽  
P. L. Dyck
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Hexaploid Wheat ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Leaf Rust Resistance ◽  
Synthetic Hexaploid Wheat ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Aegilops Squarrosa ◽  
Synthetic Hexaploid ◽  
Free Threshing

The inheritance of seedling leaf rust resistance and several morphological characters derived from Aegilops squarrosa (2n = 14 = DD) was investigated in a synthetic hexaploid wheat. The hexaploid was obtained by combining the tetraploid component (2n = 28 = AABB) extracted from the common wheat cultivar Canthatch with Ae. squarrosa var. meyeri R.L. 5289.A major, partially dominant gene was identified that gives good resistance (type 0;1 reaction) to leaf rust races 1, 5, 9, 11, 15, 30, 58 and 126a. This gene was shown to be different from the resistance genes Lr1, Lr2, Lr3, Lr10, Lr16, Lr17 and Lr18. A minor second gene was also detected which gives resistance (type 2 reaction) to race 9 and slight resistance to some of the other races.Each of the characters purple coleoptile, non-waxy foliage, brown glumes, and non-free threshing (tenacious glumes) of the synthetic wheat was monogenically inherited. The gene for threshability may be different from other genetic systems known to affect this character. The gene for brown glumes was linked with the major gene for leaf rust resistance with a recombination value of 3.1 ± 1.1%. The genes for non-waxy foliage and non-free threshing were associated with an estimated linkage value of 15.1 ± 2.6%.The results effectively demonstrated the relative ease with which genetic variation may be incorporated into common hexaploid wheat from its ancestral diploid, Ae. squarrosa, by means of a synthetic hexaploid intermediary. The method avoids the difficulties and complications often encountered with the transfer of genes from more distantly related species which do not have a genome in common with T. aestivum.

INHERITANCE IN HEXAPLOID WHEAT OF ADULT-PLANT LEAF RUST RESISTANCE DERIVED FROM AEGILOPS SQUARROSA

1970 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. L. Dyck ◽  
E. R. Kerber
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Hexaploid Wheat ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Leaf Rust Resistance ◽  
Synthetic Hexaploid Wheat ◽  
Adult Plant ◽  
Plant Leaf ◽  
Aegilops Squarrosa ◽  
New Gene

The inheritance of adult-plant leaf rust resistance derived from Aegilops squarrosa was studied in a synthetic hexaploid wheat. The hexaploid was produced by combining the AABB component extracted from the common wheat cultivar Canthatch with Ae. squarrosa var. strangulata R.L. 5271 which has adult-plant resistance to several races of leaf rust. Resistance is conferred by a single, partially dominant gene that is inherited independently of Lr12 and L13, two previously identified genes for adult-plant leaf rust resistance. Although monogenic inheritance was observed, this gene must be influenced by the genetic background since its level of resistance was somewhat reduced during successive backcrosses to Thatcher.This new gene for adult-plant leaf rust resistance was linked with each of the genes for foliage waxiness and threshability with a recombination value of 15.6 ± 2.5% and 6.0 ± 1.5%, respectively. The genes for foliage waxiness and threshability were associated with an estimated linkage value of 17.4 ± 2.5%.

TELOCENTRIC MAPPING IN HEXAPLOID WHEAT OF GENES FOR LEAF RUST RESISTANCE AND OTHER CHARACTERS DERIVED FROM AEGILOPS SQUARROSA

1974 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. G. Rowland ◽  
E. R. Kerber
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Hexaploid Wheat ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Leaf Rust Resistance ◽  
Synthetic Hexaploid Wheat ◽  
Adult Plant ◽  
Aegilops Squarrosa ◽  
Chromosome Arm ◽  
Synthetic Hexaploid ◽  
Telocentric Mapping

Telocentrics of hexaploid wheat, Triticum aestivum spp. vulgare cv. Chinese Spring, were used to establish the chromosome arm location and crossover distance from the centromere of genes controlling characters introduced into synthetic hexaploid wheat (2n = 42 = AABBDD) from Aegilops squarrosa (2n = 14 = DD). The chromosome arm location and the crossover distance from the centromere of each gene studied are as follows: synthetic hexaploid RL 5404 — brown glumes (Rg2), 1DL, 13.3 ± 3.3%; tenacious glumes (Tg), 2Dα, 39.4 ± 4.9%; inhibitor of waxy foliage (W21), 2Dα, 52.5 ± 5.0%; adult-plant leaf rust resistance (Lr22), 2Dα, 63.6 ± 4.8%; purple coleoptile (Rc3), 7DS, 10.3 ± 2.8%; synthetic hexaploid RL 5406 — Rg2, 1DL, 1.7 ± 1.0%; Tg, 2Dα, 42.9 ± 4.6%; W21, 2Dα, 58.9 ± 4.6%; Rc3, 7DS, 9.8 ± 2.8%. A gene for seedling leaf rust resistance (Lr21) found in RL 5406 is located on chromosome 1D.

CHROMOSOME LOCATION OF THREE GENES FOR LEAF RUST RESISTANCE IN COMMON WHEAT

1971 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 480-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. L. Dyck ◽  
E. R. Kerber
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Common Wheat ◽  
Plant Resistance ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Adult Plant Resistance ◽  
Leaf Rust Resistance ◽  
Adult Plant ◽  
Monosomic Analysis ◽  
Chromosome Location ◽  
Seedling Resistance

Genes Lr10 and Lr16 for seedling resistance and gene Lr12 for adult-plant resistance to leaf rust in common wheat were located on specific chromosomes by monosomic analysis using the Rescue monosomic series. Gene Lr10 is on chromosome 1A and genes Lr12 and Lr16 are on chromosome 4A. The latter two genes must be more than 50 crossover units apart since they segregated independently. These three genes were backcrossed into Thatcher from the variety Exchange. The variety Chinese Spring probably carries gene Lr12.

scholarly journals Cytogenetical Studies in Wheat I. Monosomic Analysis of Leaf Rust Resistance in the Cultivars Uruguay and Transfer

1965 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 971 ◽  
Author(s):  
RA Mcintosh ◽  
EP Baker ◽  
CJ Driscoll
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Wheat Cultivar ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Leaf Rust Resistance ◽  
Monosomic Analysis ◽  
Physiological Resistance

The dominant gene for physiological resistance in the wheat cultivar Uruguay to certain Australian strains of leaf rust was located on chromosome 5D by the F2 method of monosomic analysis. The gene responsible for resistance in the cultivar Transfer was confirmed to be on chromosome 6B. Possible mechanisms producing aberrant F2 ratios involving Transfer in crosses with certain susceptible cultivars are discussed.

scholarly journals Cytogenetic analysis and mapping of leaf rust resistance in Aegilops speltoides Tausch derived bread wheat line Selection2427 carrying putative gametocidal gene(s)

Genome ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (12) ◽  
pp. 1076-1085 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Niranjana ◽  
Vinod ◽  
J.B. Sharma ◽  
Niharika Mallick ◽  
S.M.S. Tomar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Puccinia Triticina ◽  
Leaf Rust Resistance ◽  
Aegilops Speltoides ◽  
Lr Genes ◽  
Gametocidal Gene ◽  
Chromosome 3B

Leaf rust (Puccinia triticina) is a major biotic stress affecting wheat yields worldwide. Host-plant resistance is the best method for controlling leaf rust. Aegilops speltoides is a good source of resistance against wheat rusts. To date, five Lr genes, Lr28, Lr35, Lr36, Lr47, and Lr51, have been transferred from Ae. speltoides to bread wheat. In Selection2427, a bread wheat introgresed line with Ae. speltoides as the donor parent, a dominant gene for leaf rust resistance was mapped to the long arm of chromosome 3B (LrS2427). None of the Lr genes introgressed from Ae. speltoides have been mapped to chromosome 3B. Since none of the designated seedling leaf rust resistance genes have been located on chromosome 3B, LrS2427 seems to be a novel gene. Selection2427 showed a unique property typical of gametocidal genes, that when crossed to other bread wheat cultivars, the F1 showed partial pollen sterility and poor seed setting, whilst Selection2427 showed reasonable male and female fertility. Accidental co-transfer of gametocidal genes with LrS2427 may have occurred in Selection2427. Though LrS2427 did not show any segregation distortion and assorted independently of putative gametocidal gene(s), its utilization will be difficult due to the selfish behavior of gametocidal genes.

scholarly journals Genetic Analysis of Leaf Rust Resistance in Six Durum Wheat Genotypes

2014 ◽  
Vol 104 (12) ◽  
pp. 1322-1328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Loladze ◽  
Dhouha Kthiri ◽  
Curtis Pozniak ◽  
Karim Ammar
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Durable Resistance ◽  
Puccinia Triticina ◽  
Leaf Rust Resistance ◽  
Adult Plant ◽  
Seedling Resistance ◽  
Allelism Tests

Leaf rust, caused by Puccinia triticina, is one of the main fungal diseases limiting durum wheat production. This study aimed to characterize previously undescribed genes for leaf rust resistance in durum wheat. Six different resistant durum genotypes were crossed to two susceptible International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) lines and the resulting F1, F2, and F3 progenies were evaluated for leaf rust reactions in the field and under greenhouse conditions. In addition, allelism tests were conducted. The results of the study indicated that most genotypes carried single effective dominant or recessive seedling resistance genes; the only exception to this was genotype Gaza, which carried one adult plant and one seedling resistance gene. In addition, it was concluded that the resistance genes identified in the current study were neither allelic to LrCamayo or Lr61, nor were they related to Lr3 or Lr14a, the genes that already are either ineffective or are considered to be vulnerable for breeding purposes. A complicated allelic or linkage relationship between the identified genes is discussed. The results of the study will be useful for breeding for durable resistance by creating polygenic complexes.

THE INHERITANCE OF LEAF RUST RESISTANCE IN SEVEN VARIETIES OF COMMON WHEAT

1961 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 342-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Common Wheat ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Leaf Rust Resistance ◽  
Susceptible Variety ◽  
The Other ◽  
Seedling Resistance ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Type Reaction ◽  
Biological Studies

The inheritance of seedling resistance to races 1a, 5a, 11, 15a and 126a of leaf rust was studied in the varieties Exchange and Selkirk and to races 1a and 15a in the varieties Lee, Gabo, Timstein, Mayo 52 and Mayo 54. Thatcher was used as the susceptible variety. Rust tests were carried out on F1 and F2 populations of diallel crosses among these varieties and on F2 families from the backcrosses to Thatcher. Two genes were found. One gene LrE conditions a (2) type reaction to all five races in Exchange and Selkirk. The other gene LrL conditions a (; 1 =) type reaction to races 1a and 15a in all seven varieties. Isogenic lines possessing these genes are being developed in the varieties Prelude and Thatcher. The importance of such lines in future genetic studies and their application in other biological studies are discussed.The increase in amount of leaf rust found on Lee and Selkirk in Canada during the period 1951–1958 is accounted for by the increase of races which render the gene LrL ineffective in these two varieties.

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