Chalcone JAI-51 improves efficacy of synchrotron microbeam radiation therapy of brain tumors

Delivery of high-radiation doses to brain tumors via multiple arrays of synchrotron X-ray microbeams permits huge therapeutic advantages. Brain tumor (9LGS)-bearing and normal rats were irradiated using a conventional, homogeneous Broad Beam (BB), or Microbeam Radiation Therapy (MRT), then studied by behavioral tests, MRI, and histopathology. A valley dose of 10 Gy deposited between microbeams, delivered by a single port, improved tumor control and median survival time of tumor-bearing rats better than a BB isodose. An increased number of ports and an accumulated valley dose maintained at 10 Gy delayed tumor growth and improved survival. Histopathologically, cell death, vascular damage, and inflammatory response increased in tumors. At identical valley isodose, each additional MRT port extended survival, resulting in an exponential correlation between port numbers and animal lifespan (r2 = 0.9928). A 10 Gy valley dose, in MRT mode, delivered through 5 ports, achieved the same survival as a 25 Gy BB irradiation because of tumor dose hot spots created by intersecting microbeams. Conversely, normal tissue damage remained minimal in all the single converging extratumoral arrays. Multiport MRT reached exceptional ~2.5-fold biological equivalent tumor doses. The unique normal tissue sparing and therapeutic index are eminent prerequisites for clinical translation.

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Immunomodulation Analysis of Radiation Therapy in Pediatric Malignant Brain Tumors

Case Medical Research ◽

10.31525/ct1-nct04019470 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Keyword(s):

Radiation Therapy ◽

Brain Tumors ◽

Malignant Brain Tumors

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LOCAL HYPERTHERMIA IN TREATMENT FOR MALIGNANT BRAIN TUMORS

Problems in oncology ◽

10.37469/0507-3758-2018-64-1-54-61 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 64 (1) ◽

pp. 54-61

Author(s):

A. Ryabova ◽

O. Gribova ◽

V. Novikov ◽

E. Choinzonov ◽

Zh. Starceva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Experimental Data ◽

Radiation Therapy ◽

Brain Tumors ◽

Tumor Cells ◽

Combined Treatment ◽

Complex Treatment ◽

Local Hyperthermia ◽

Malignant Brain Tumors ◽

Sensitizing Effect ◽

Methods Of Treatment

Unsatisfactory results of complex treatment for malignant brain tumors stimulate search of new effective methods of treatment. Radiation therapy is an integral part of the combined treatment but often does not influence lethally on resistant tumor cells. Thereby in recent decades there has been an active search for different modifiers, which can increase the sensitivity of tumors to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. One of the universal sensitizers is the local hyperthermia. Experimental data showed that the effect of high temperatures had both a direct damaging effect on tumor cells and a sensitizing effect. The literature review given in the article provides an overview of the existing methods of the local hyperthermia for brain tumors treatment.

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RADT-47. A MULTICENTER OBSERVATIONAL STUDY OF SURGICALLY TARGETED RADIATION THERAPY (START) USING IMPLANTED CS-131 SEEDS IN A COLLAGEN-BASED CARRIER TILE IN INTRACRANIAL BRAIN NEOPLASMS - PROTOCOL IN PROGRESS

Neuro-Oncology ◽

10.1093/neuonc/noaa215.800 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. ii191-ii192

Author(s):

Peter Nakaji ◽

David Brachman ◽

Lisa Misell

Keyword(s):

Radiation Therapy ◽

Brain Tumors ◽

Clinical Outcomes ◽

Local Control ◽

Real World ◽

Functional Decline ◽

Registry Study ◽

Multicenter Observational Study ◽

Patient Reported ◽

Targeted Radiation Therapy

Abstract INTRODUCTION Post-resection radiotherapy (RT) is the most effective adjuvant treatment for brain tumors. However, there is no current consensus as to the “best” type of post-resection RT, either at diagnosis or recurrence. The use of internally placed radiation (brachytherapy) allows immediate initiation of RT when residual tumor burden is minimal, which theoretically should lessen the risk of recurrence. Brachytherapy placement intraoperatively allows more precise identification of the tumor margins than by postoperative imaging. Traditional brachytherapy methods have several drawbacks, including uneven dose distribution, long operating room times, a need for expensive equipment, and/or frequent adverse events (AE). To address these issues, a device with Cs-131 radiation seeds in a resorbable collagen-based carrier tile (GammaTile, GT Medical Technologies, Tempe AZ) was developed and is described as Surgically Targeted Radiation Therapy or STaRT. The device has demonstrated excellent safety and local control in early commercial use. OBJECTIVE The objectives of this registry study are to evaluate real-world clinical outcomes and patient reported outcomes that measure the effectiveness and safety of STaRT. METHOD Patients (N=600) with surgically resected (R) brain tumors of any pathology who have undergone STaRT are eligible. Accrual to start at 20+ sites in Q3 2020. Data collected includes local control, overall survival, QOL, neurocognition, functional decline, and surgical and radiation associated AE’s. Data will be collected at 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months, then every 6 months through 5 years. RESULT Data will be used to benchmark clinical outcomes of STaRT therapy and allow for comparisons to existing standard-of-care treatments. CONCLUSION This will be the first observational registry study of R+STaRT, delivered by Cs-131 sources in permanently implanted resorbable collagen tile carriers. The outcome measures captured will allow for evaluation of the potential risks and benefits of this treatment approach for patients in a real-world setting.

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RONC-19. TWO CASES OF RE-IRRADIATION FOR LATE RECURRENT OR RADIATION-INDUCED TUMOR AFTER RADIATION THERAPY FOR PEDIATRIC BRAIN TUMORS

Neuro-Oncology ◽

10.1093/neuonc/noaa222.788 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (Supplement_3) ◽

pp. iii459-iii459

Author(s):

Takashi Mori ◽

Shigeru Yamaguchi ◽

Rikiya Onimaru ◽

Takayuki Hashimoto ◽

Hidefumi Aoyama

Keyword(s):

Radiation Therapy ◽

Brain Tumors ◽

Tumor Resection ◽

Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy ◽

Late Recurrence ◽

Pediatric Brain Tumors ◽

Suprasellar Region ◽

Radiation Induced ◽

Pediatric Brain

Abstract BACKGROUND As the outcome of pediatric brain tumors improves, late recurrence and radiation-induced tumor cases are more likely to occur, and the number of cases requiring re-irradiation is expected to increase. Here we report two cases performed intracranial re-irradiation after radiotherapy for pediatric brain tumors. CASE 1: 21-year-old male. He was diagnosed with craniopharyngioma at eight years old and underwent a tumor resection. At 10 years old, the local recurrence of suprasellar region was treated with 50.4 Gy/28 fr of stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT). After that, other recurrent lesions appeared in the left cerebellopontine angle, and he received surgery three times. The tumor was gross totally resected and re-irradiation with 40 Gy/20 fr of SRT was performed. We have found no recurrence or late effects during the one year follow-up. CASE 2: 15-year-old female. At three years old, she received 18 Gy/10 fr of craniospinal irradiation and 36 Gy/20 fr of boost to the posterior fossa as postoperative irradiation for anaplastic ependymoma and cured. However, a anaplastic meningioma appeared on the left side of the skull base at the age of 15, and 50 Gy/25 fr of postoperative intensity-modulated radiation therapy was performed. Two years later, another meningioma developed in the right cerebellar tent, and 54 Gy/27 fr of SRT was performed. Thirty-three months after re-irradiation, MRI showed a slight increase of the lesion, but no late toxicities are observed. CONCLUSION The follow-up periods are short, however intracranial re-irradiation after radiotherapy for pediatric brain tumors were feasible and effective.

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PO-1606: Measurement of dose distribution of cardiosynchronous brain motion in microbeam radiation therapy

Radiotherapy and Oncology ◽

10.1016/s0167-8140(21)01624-8 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 152 ◽

pp. S874

Author(s):

M. Petasecca ◽

M. Duncan ◽

M. Donzelli ◽

P. Pellicioli ◽

E. Brauer-Krisch ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Radiation Therapy ◽

Dose Distribution ◽

Microbeam Radiation Therapy ◽

Brain Motion

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MET-05 Clinical investigation of treatment results and recurrence patterns of metastatic brain tumors from the viewpoint of postoperative irradiation

Neuro-Oncology Advances ◽

10.1093/noajnl/vdaa143.083 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (Supplement_3) ◽

pp. ii19-ii19

Author(s):

Tetsuo Hashiba ◽

Haruka Kawano ◽

Katsuya Ueno ◽

Qiang Lee ◽

Haruna Isozaki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Radiation Therapy ◽

Brain Tumors ◽

Clinical Investigation ◽

Postoperative Radiotherapy ◽

En Bloc Resection ◽

Metastatic Brain Tumors ◽

Treatment Results ◽

En Bloc ◽

Postoperative Radiation Therapy ◽

Observation Period

Abstract While whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT) had been the standard postoperative radiation therapy for metastatic brain tumors for long time, recently local radiation therapy (LRT) has be become to be a new standard due to the accumulation of clinical evidences. Treatment results and pattern of recurrence were retrospectively analyzed from view point of postoperative radiotherapy. In this study, totally 69 patients were included and they were divided into WBRT group or LRT group. We analyzed the number of lesions, treated era, overall survival after diagnosis of metastasis (OS), recurrence free survival after RT (RFS), and patterns of recurrences. The subjects consisted of 37males and 32 females and average age was 61.7 years old. There were 49 cases in the WBRT group and 20 cases in the LRT group. While all cases before November 2017 had WBRT performed, LRT was adopted mainly in cases with a small number of metastases since December 2017. Although there was a difference in the observation period between the two groups, OS tended to be longer in the LRT group (P=0.08), while RFS tended to be shorter in the LRT group (P=0.08). Radiological recurrence after RT was observed in 7 cases in both groups, and in WBRT group, all cases were local recurrence, whereas in LRT group, all cases were new lesions or disseminated recurrence. Although there are biases such as the difference in observation period between the two groups and the tendency to adopt WBRT in cases with a large number of metastases, there is a possibility that postoperative LRT is not inferior to WBRT, especially for cases with a small number of metastases. However, we have experienced some cases of disseminated recurrence, and so it is necessary to consider the resection fashion such as whether en-bloc resection or piece meal resection when selecting postoperative RT.

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