scholarly journals Single-crystal diamond refractive lens for focusing X-rays in two dimensions

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Antipov ◽  
S. V. Baryshev ◽  
J. E. Butler ◽  
O. Antipova ◽  
Z. Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystal ◽  
Fresnel Zone ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Fresnel Zone Plates ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Femtosecond Laser Micromachining ◽  
Single Crystal Diamond ◽  
Refractive Lens ◽  
And Performance

The fabrication and performance evaluation of single-crystal diamond refractive X-ray lenses of which the surfaces are paraboloids of revolution for focusing X-rays in two dimensions simultaneously are reported. The lenses were manufactured using a femtosecond laser micromachining process and tested using X-ray synchrotron radiation. Such lenses were stacked together to form a standard compound refractive lens (CRL). Owing to the superior physical properties of the material, diamond CRLs could become indispensable wavefront-preserving primary focusing optics for X-ray free-electron lasers and the next-generation synchrotron storage rings. They can be used for highly efficient refocusing of the extremely bright X-ray sources for secondary optical schemes with limited aperture such as nanofocusing Fresnel zone plates and multilayer Laue lenses.

scholarly journals Single-crystal diamond refractive lens for focusing X-rays in two dimensions. Erratum

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 850-850 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Antipov ◽  
S. V. Baryshev ◽  
J. E. Butler ◽  
O. Antipova ◽  
Z. Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystal ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Single Crystal Diamond ◽  
Refractive Lens

A correction is made to a citation in the article by Antipovet al.(2016) [J. Synchrotron Rad.23, 163–168].

Linear parabolic single-crystal diamond refractive lenses for synchrotron X-ray sources

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey Terentyev ◽  
Maxim Polikarpov ◽  
Irina Snigireva ◽  
Marco Di Michiel ◽  
Sergey Zholudev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystal ◽  
Focal Spot ◽  
Synthetic Diamond ◽  
Picosecond Laser ◽  
Radius Of Curvature ◽  
High Quality ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Single Crystal Diamond ◽  
Refractive Lens ◽  
Focusing Properties

Linear parabolic diamond refractive lenses are presented, designed to withstand high thermal and radiation loads coming from upgraded accelerator X-ray sources. Lenses were manufactured by picosecond laser treatment of a high-quality single-crystal synthetic diamond. Twelve lenses with radius of curvature at parabola apex R = 200 µm, geometrical aperture A = 900 µm and length L = 1.5 mm were stacked as a compound refractive lens and tested at the ESRF ID06 beamline. A focal spot of size 2.2 µm and a gain of 20 were measured at 8 keV. The lens profile and surface quality were estimated by grating interferometry and X-ray radiography. In addition, the influence of X-ray glitches on the focusing properties of the compound refractive lens were studied.

scholarly journals High-efficiency zone-plate optics for multi-keV X-ray focusing

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 497-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Istvan Mohacsi ◽  
Petri Karvinen ◽  
Ismo Vartiainen ◽  
Vitaliy A. Guzenko ◽  
Andrea Somogyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Transmission ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Fresnel Zone ◽  
Transmission Function ◽  
Zone Plate ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Fresnel Zone Plates ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Zone Plates ◽  
The Ideal

High-efficiency nanofocusing of hard X-rays using stacked multilevel Fresnel zone plates with a smallest zone width of 200 nm is demonstrated. The approach is to approximate the ideal parabolic lens profile with two-, three-, four- and six-level zone plates. By stacking binary and three-level zone plates with an additional binary zone plate, the number of levels in the optical transmission function was doubled, resulting in four- and six-level profiles, respectively. Efficiencies up to 53.7% focusing were experimentally obtained with 6.5 keV photons using a compact alignment apparatus based on piezoelectric actuators. The measurements have also been compared with numerical simulations to study the misalignment of the two zone plates.

scholarly journals A single-crystal diamond X-ray pixel detector with embedded graphitic electrodes

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 599-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Bloomer ◽  
M. E. Newton ◽  
G. Rehm ◽  
P. S. Salter
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystal ◽  
Chemical Vapour ◽  
Charge Carriers ◽  
Diamond Surface ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Position Measurement ◽  
Beam Position ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Single Crystal Diamond ◽  
Bulk Diamond

The first experimental results from a new transmissive diagnostic instrument for synchrotron X-ray beamlines are presented. The instrument utilizes a single-crystal chemical-vapour-deposition diamond plate as the detector material, with graphitic wires embedded within the bulk diamond acting as electrodes. The resulting instrument is an all-carbon transmissive X-ray imaging detector. Within the instrument's transmissive aperture there is no surface metallization that could absorb X-rays, and no surface structures that could be damaged by exposure to synchrotron X-ray beams. The graphitic electrodes are fabricated in situ within the bulk diamond using a laser-writing technique. Two separate arrays of parallel graphitic wires are fabricated, running parallel to the diamond surface and perpendicular to each other, at two different depths within the diamond. One array of wires has a modulated bias voltage applied; the perpendicular array is a series of readout electrodes. X-rays passing through the detector generate charge carriers within the bulk diamond through photoionization, and these charge carriers travel to the nearest readout electrode under the influence of the modulated electrical bias. Each of the crossing points between perpendicular wires acts as an individual pixel. The simultaneous read-out of all pixels is achieved using a lock-in technique. The parallel wires within each array are separated by 50 µm, determining the pixel pitch. Readout is obtained at 100 Hz, and the resolution of the X-ray beam position measurement is 600 nm for a 180 µm size beam.

Refraction and ultra-small-angle scattering of X-rays in a single-crystal diamond compound refractive lens

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 1137-1145 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Gasilov ◽  
A. Mittone ◽  
T. dos Santos Rolo ◽  
S. Polyakov ◽  
S. Zholudev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystal ◽  
Small Angle ◽  
Small Angle Scattering ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Double Crystal ◽  
Suggested Approach ◽  
Wavefront Aberrations ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Angle Scattering ◽  
Single Crystal Diamond

In this work a double-crystal setup is employed to study compound refractive lenses made of single-crystal diamond. The point spread function of the lens is calculated taking into account the lens transmission, the wavefront aberrations, and the ultra-small-angle broadening of the X-ray beam. It is shown that, similarly to the wavefront aberrations, the ultra-small-angle scattering effects can significantly reduce the intensity gain and increase the focal spot size. The suggested approach can be particularly useful for the characterization of refractive X-ray lenses composed of many tens of unit lenses.

Laboratory and synchrotron tests of two-dimensional parabolic x-ray compound refractive lens made of single-crystal diamond

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Polikarpov ◽  
A. Barannikov ◽  
D. Zverev ◽  
S. A. Terentiev ◽  
S. N. Polyakov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystal ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Single Crystal Diamond ◽  
Refractive Lens

Development of Diamond-Based X-ray Detection for High Flux Beamline Diagnostics

2009 ◽  
Vol 1203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jen Bohon ◽  
John Smedley ◽  
Erik M. Muller ◽  
Jeffrey W. Keister
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystal ◽  
Linear Response ◽  
Voltage Dependence ◽  
Cvd Diamond ◽  
High Flux ◽  
National Synchrotron Light Source ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Single Crystal Diamond ◽  
Synchrotron Light ◽  
Pulse Structure

AbstractHigh quality single crystal and polycrystalline CVD diamond detectors with platinum contacts have been tested at the white beam X28C beamline at the National Synchrotron Light Source under high-flux conditions. The voltage dependence of these devices has been measured under DC and pulsed-bias conditions, establishing the presence or absence of photoconductive gain in each device. Linear response has been achieved over eleven orders of magnitude when combined with previous low flux studies. Temporal measurements with single crystal diamond detectors have resolved the ns scale pulse structure of the NSLS.

APD-based x-ray imaging telescope using Fresnel zone plates for extremely high spatial resolution

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael R. Squillante ◽  
Richard A. Myers ◽  
Mitchell Woodring ◽  
James F. Christian ◽  
Frank Robertson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
High Spatial Resolution ◽  
Fresnel Zone ◽  
Fresnel Zone Plates ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Zone Plates ◽  
X Ray Imaging ◽  
Imaging Telescope

scholarly journals Lower resolution Laue neutron data yield correct nanocluster formulations

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (a1) ◽  
pp. C187-C187
Author(s):  
Alison Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Neutron Diffraction ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
Diffraction Pattern ◽  
Precise Determination ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Low Resolution ◽  
Neutron Data ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Product Formulation

"The renaissance in Laue studies - at neutron sources - provides us with access to single crystal neutron diffraction data for synthetic compounds without requiring synthesis of prohibitively large amounts of compound or improbably large crystals. Such neutron diffraction studies provide vital data where proof of the presence or absence of hydrogen in particular locations is required and which cannot validly be proved by X-ray studies. Since the commissioning of KOALA at OPAL in 2009[1] we have obtained numerous data sets which demonstrate the vital importance of measuring data even where the extent of the diffraction pattern is at relatively low resolution - especially when compared to that obtainable for the same compound with X-rays. In the Laue experiment performed with a fixed radius detector, data reduction is only feasible for crystals in the ""goldilocks"" zone – where the unit cell is relatively large for the detector, a correspondingly low resolution diffraction pattern in which adjacent spots are less affected by overlap will yield more data against which a structure can be refined than a pattern of higher resolution – one where neighbouring spots overlap rendering both unusable (in our current methodology). Analogous application of powder neutron diffraction in such determinations is also considered. Single crystal neutron diffraction studies of several important compounds (up to 5KDa see figure below)[2] in which precise determination of hydride content by neutron diffraction was pivotal to the final formulation will be presented. The neutron data sets typically possess 20% or fewer unique data at substantially "lower resolution" than the corresponding X-ray data sets. Careful refinement clearly reveals chemical detail which is typically unexplored in related X-ray diffraction studies reporting high profile chemistry despite the synthetic route being one which hydride ought to be considered/excluded in product formulation."

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document