Topic: chemical compositions and mineral content of four selected South African herbal teas and the synergistic response of combined teas

2020 ◽  
Vol 122 (9) ◽  
pp. 2769-2785
Author(s):  
Florence Malongane ◽  
Lyndy Joy McGaw ◽  
Fhatuwani Nixwell Mudau
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Colorimetric Assay ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Rooibos Tea

PurposeThe present study was carried out to determine (1) essential minerals, total polyphenols, total flavonoids, moisture and ash of four selected South African herbal teas and (2) the effect of blending bush tea with other known commercial herbal teas.Design/methodology/approachThe method used to determine moisture and ash contents followed that of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC). Nine minerals were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). The total phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined by Folin–Ciocalteu assay and aluminum chloride colorimetric assay, respectively.FindingsThe results of the study demonstrated that bush tea had a high ash content of 8.01% and special tea (9.23%), while honeybush (1.96%) and rooibos tea (2.17%) exhibited a low ash percentage. The mineral content was higher in bush tea and special tea than in rooibos tea and honeybush tea except for sodium, which was higher in rooibos tea. The blending of bush tea with special tea improved its potassium content from 22,937.00 mg/kg to 23,379.20 mg/kg. Blending bush tea with rooibos tea at a ratio of 25:75 increased the flavonoid content to 12.21 µg/mL.Research limitations/implicationsThe results of the nutrients composition cannot be generalized as it is influenced by other factors such as soil type and seasons.Social implicationsIncreasing the commercialization of indigenous teas.Originality/valueThe results of the study suggest that bush tea and special tea are nutritionally comparable with South African commercial herbal teas. Thus, the consideration for commercialization of these teas is crucial.

scholarly journals Elemental Analysis and Phenolic Profiles of Selected Italian Wines

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 158
Author(s):  
Paola Fermo ◽  
Valeria Comite ◽  
Milica Sredojević ◽  
Ivanka Ćirić ◽  
Uroš Gašić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Triple Quadrupole Mass Spectrometer ◽  
Spectrophotometric Methods

The study of the chemical composition of wines is nowadays a topic of great interest because of the importance of this market, especially in Italy, and also considering the numerous cases of falsification of famous and very expensive wines. The present paper focused on the analysis of metals and polyphenols in Italian wines belonging to different provenance and types. At this purpose 20 elements were quantified by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) and ICP mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Regarding polyphenols, a total of 32 were quantified, among 6 were anthocyanins. Furthermore, in 4 samples (1 rosè and 3 red wines) 42 anthocyanins and related compounds were identified by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC)-Orbitrap MS technique (among these, 6 were also quantified). Non-anthocyanins were determined using UHPLC coupled with a diode array detector and triple-quadrupole mass spectrometer (UHPLC–DAD-QqQ-MS). Total phenolic content (TPC) and radical scavenging activity (RSA) were measured using spectrophotometric methods. The results obtained by elemental techniques were submitted to principal components analysis (PCA) allowing to get information on both geographical and botanical origin of the examined wine samples. Some polyphenols have been detected in higher concentrations only in a certain type of wine, as for example in the case of Grechetto wine. Most of the identified anthocyanin derivatives (pyranoanthocyanins) are formed during the aging of wine by reaction with the other wine components.

scholarly journals Two-Way Characterization of Beekeepers’ Honey According to Botanical Origin on the Basis of Mineral Content Analysis Using ICP-OES Implemented with Multiple Chemometric Tools

Foods ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Artemis Panormitis Louppis ◽  
Ioannis Konstantinos Karabagias ◽  
Chara Papastephanou ◽  
Anastasia Badeka
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Stepwise Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Botanical Origin ◽  
Icp Oes ◽  
Linear Discriminant

Asfaka, fir, flower, forest flowers and orange blossom honeys harvested in the wider area of Hellas by professional beekeepers, were subjected to mineral content analysis using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). The main purpose of this study was to characterize the mineral profile and content of toxic metals such as lead, cadmium and chromium, and investigate whether specific minerals could assist accurately in the botanical origin discrimination with implementation of chemometrics. Twenty-five minerals were identified (Ag, Al, As, B, Ba, Be, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, Si, Ti, Tl, V, Zn) and quantified. Results showed that the mineral content varied significantly (p < 0.05) according to honey botanical origin, whereas lead, cadmium, and chromium contents ranged between 0.05–0.33 mg kg−1, <0.05 mg kg−1, and in the range of <0.12 to 0.39 mg kg−1, respectively. Fir honeys from Aitoloakarnania region showed the highest mineral content (182.13 ± 71.34 mg kg−1), while flower honeys from Samos Island recorded the highest silicon content (16.08 ± 2.94 mg kg−1). Implementation of multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA), factor analysis (FA), linear discriminant analysis (LDA), and stepwise discriminant analysis (SDA) led to the perfect classification (100%) of these honeys according to botanical origin with the use of Al, As, Ca, Mg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sb, Si, Zn and total mineral content. However, the higher lead content in the majority of samples than the regulated upper limit (0.10 mg kg−1), sets the need for further improvements of the beekeepers’ practices/strategies for honey production.

Mineral Content as a Tool for the Assessment of Honey Authenticity

2017 ◽  
Vol 100 (4) ◽  
pp. 862-870 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milica Jovetić ◽  
Jelena Trifković ◽  
Dalibor Stanković ◽  
Dragan Manojlović ◽  
Dušanka Milojković-Opsenica
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Geographical Origin ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Botanical Origin ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Acacia Honey ◽  
Regional Origin ◽  
Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry

Abstract The present work aims to provide a contribution to the overall investigation of European unifloral honeys with regard to authentication according to botanical and geographical origins. The mineral content of 206 monofloral honey samples of five botanical origins from six different regions in Serbia was investigated by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. Chemometric techniques were applied for the classification and differentiation of acacia, sunflower, and linden honey according to botanical origin, as well as acacia honey samples according to regional origin. The highest influence on the differentiation of acacia honey samples was the presence of siderophile and chalcophile elements, whereas sunflower and linden honeys were determined by the presence of lithophile elements, indicating their origin from soil. However, due to the different bioaccumulation properties of plants, the presence of elements is not necessarily directly correlated to their presence in soil, which is confirmed by the results of the authentication of geographical origin of acacia honey.

Spatial distribution and geochemistry of major and trace elements from Mohoș peatland, Harghita Mountains, Romania

The Holocene ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (12) ◽  
pp. 1936-1947 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihaela Vasilica Adumitroaei ◽  
Gabriel Ovidiu Iancu ◽  
Bogdan Gabriel Rățoi ◽  
Costel Silviu Doru ◽  
Cristian Marius Sandu
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Distribution Maps

The Mohoș peatland is used as environmental archives of deposition for major (Al, Ca, Mg, Fe, and Mn) and minor elements (Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Sr, and Zn). The intense mining activity of Cu-rich pyrite and polymetallic sulfide ore from Bălan districts during the past centuries with a strong pollution impact was the reason why the Mohoș peatland, located in the vicinity of a mining area, was selected for this study. The mineralogical and chemical compositions of the peat have been determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and x-ray diffraction (XRD). The identification of the main processes affecting the concentrations of the elements in peat was statistically evaluated by principal component analysis (PCA), and the identification of the main groups was determined by hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA). Our results revealed that the source of chemical and mineralogical peat samples is mainly geogenic with most of the elements being accumulated following the disintegration of parental material and through volcanic activity. For Pb, Zn, Ni, Al, and Sr, the concentrations were influenced by both natural processes and anthropogenic activities, such as mining, burning of fossil fuels, traffic activities, and metallurgy. Copper was influenced by anthropogenic activities. The distribution maps of trace elements were built only for the area in which the samples were taken.

scholarly journals Fatty Acid Profile and Mineral Content of Commercial Table Olives from Turkey

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vildan UYLASER ◽  
Gökçen YILDIZ
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Table Olives ◽  
Table Olive ◽  
High Level

In this study, five different types of commercial table olive: Domat, Kalamata, Edremit (green), Edremit (black) and Gemlik, from Turkey, were investigated for the fatty acid composition and mineral content. Fatty acid analyses were performed by capillary gas chromatography. The fatty acid results showed that all table olives characterized by high level of were oleic acid (C18:1, 57.473-72.294%), linoleic acid (C18:2, 7.914-25.279%) and palmitic acid (C16:0, 9.735-16.441%). Moreover, in terms of the unsaturated oil content and a ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) to saturated fatty acids (SFA) value, Kalamata olives were found to be more advantageous as compared to the other table olive types. The sodium (Na), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), iron (Fe) and potassium (K) content of table olives were measured by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). Na was the most concentrated mineral detected (6637.722-20613.666 mg/kg), followed by K (2814.296-3386.520 mg/kg) and Ca (342.595-742.894 mg/kg). Results showed that there are differences among the fatty acid and mineral content of the commercial table olives depending on type.

Ultramarine colored: Solid-phase elution of Pt into perovskite oxides

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 2647-2650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsuhiro Nomura ◽  
Masakazu Daté ◽  
Hiroyuki Kageyama ◽  
Susumu Tsubota
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Preparation Method ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Perovskite Oxides ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Perovskite Lattice

We have found a new route for preparing Pt containing perovskites. Ba containing perovskite powder, (La0.7Sr0.2Ba0.1)ScO3–δ (LSBS), reacted with Pt foil at 1898 K in air, and formed ultramarine colored Pt containing perovskite, (La0.7Sr0.2Ba0.1)(Sc,Pt)O3–δ, without changing the GdFeO3-type structure. The chemical compositions of the samples before and after firing, measured with inductively coupled plasma (ICP) optical emission spectrometry, were La: Sr: Ba: Sc = 0.70(1): 0.206(4): 0.101(2): 0.98(2) and La: Sr: Ba: Sc: Pt = 0.70(1): 0.197(4): 0.085(2): 0.95(2): 0.0062(2), respectively. The reaction proceeded not only at the interface between perovskite powder and Pt foil, but also over whole powder surface. We name this new preparation method the “solid-phase elution (SE) method”, because the process involves elution of Pt ions from the Pt foil to the LSBS perovskite lattice. It is expected that we can control the amount of Pt introduced into perovskites by using the SE method after optimizing the reaction time and temperature.

scholarly journals Variations of Saponins, Minerals and Total Phenolic Compounds Due to Processing and Cooking of Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) Seeds

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 660
Author(s):  
Manal Mhada ◽  
Mohamed Louay Metougui ◽  
Khadija El Hazzam ◽  
Kamal El Kacimi ◽  
Abdelaziz Yasri
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Chenopodium Quinoa ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Saponin Content

Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) is a grain of great nutritional interest that gained international importance during the last decade. Before its consumption, this grain goes through many processes that can alter its nutritional value. Here we report the effect of processing (polishing and milling) and cooking (boiling and steaming) on the saponin content, mineral profile of 14 elements using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES), protein content, and total phenolic compound. The polishing caused an average drop in the saponin content from 1.7% to 0.46% but induced important losses in mineral content (K, Mg, Ca, Zn, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Ni), and phenolic compounds. However, the greatest nutritional degradation happened after milling due to the elimination of seed teguments and embryos, where over 50% of many minerals, 60% of protein content, and almost the totality of phenolic compounds, were lost. Cooking effect was less important than processing, but some significant losses were attested. Boiling caused a loss of up to 40% for some minerals like K, B, and Mo because of their hydrosolubility, and 88% of the polyphenols, while steaming allowed a better retention of those nutrients. Consuming polished quinoa instead of semolina and using steaming instead of boiling are trade-offs consumer needs to make to get optimal benefits from quinoa virtues.

scholarly journals Preliminary Study of Microelements, Phenolics as well as Antioxidant Activity in Local, Homemade Wines from North-East Greece

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1607
Author(s):  
Adriana Skendi ◽  
Maria Papageorgiou ◽  
Stefanos Stefanou
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Toxic Metals ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
North East ◽  
Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry

The present study is aimed to analyze the composition of microelements in wines prepared by amateur winemakers in Drama region (recognized as Protected Geographical Indication (PGI)), especially the toxic ones, as well as the phenolic content and antioxidant activity of these wines since moderate wine consumption may contribute to health benefits to the consumers. A total of twenty-four wines, comprising sixteen red and eight white, were tested. The micro and macroelements were determined with ICP-OES (Inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry). Chromatic characteristics of wines and total phenolic and flavonoid compounds as well as their antioxidant activity with three different assays were determined spectrophotometrically. The amateur’s wines showed levels of contaminants with toxic metals less than the limits set from the International Organization of Vine and Wine (OIV). Moreover, toxic metals concentrations were comparable to those of European wines. The Principal Component Analysis discriminated wines into white and red and further distinguished the red wine into two groups depending on the Total Flavonoid content, antioxidant activity and color intensity. The moderate consumption of amateur wines can be recommended since their consumption is not harmful to the health, and they contain high amount of phenolics and flavonoids comparable or even higher to that of commercial wines.

scholarly journals Mineral content of bee pollen from Serbia / Sadržaj minerala u uzorcima pčelinjega peluda iz Srbije

2015 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 251-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Ž. Kostić ◽  
Mirjana B. Pešić ◽  
Mirjana D. Mosić ◽  
Biljana P. Dojčinović ◽  
Maja M. Natić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Composition ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Geographical Origin ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Bee Pollen ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Iron And Zinc ◽  
Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry

In this study we analysed mineral composition of bee pollen of different plant origin collected across Serbia using inductively coupled plasma - optical emission spectrometry. The most abundant elements were potassium, calcium, and magnesium. The samples were also exceptionally rich in iron and zinc, which are very important as nutrients. Judging by our findings, mineral composition of bee pollen much more depends on the type of pollen-producing plant than on its geographical origin.

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