Evolution of the rural social security system in a large country over 35 years: institutional transformation and the Chinese experience

2022 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuan Huo ◽  
Mingang Lin

Purpose This paper aims to review the institutional evolution of China's rural social security system in the past 35 years, focusing on major policy transformations of the rural social security system in a large country, and extract the Chinese experience on developing rural social security.Design/methodology/approach This paper systematically reviews the evolution of rural social security system via organizing policy documents, key events and research literature on the construction of rural social security since the Reform and Opening-up.Findings First, institutional transformation is a profound change in China's rural social security system; second, policy transformation has taken place in the main areas of China's rural social security system, including rural endowment insurance, medical insurance and social assistance; third, the policy evolution of China's rural social security system has a unique experience in a large country.Originality/value China is the country with the largest rural population in the world. The process and experience of transforming the social security system in the vast rural areas of China have important value and reference significance for other developing countries.

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Du

With the development of social economy and industry, fisheries also play an important role in the development of the country. In the process of fishery development, the problems in the fishermen's social security system are becoming more and more serious, and the types of problems are gradually increasing. Discovering the problems existing in the development of fisheries, and making up and correcting them in time, has an important role in promoting the development of fisheries and social and economic development. In recent years, the issue of “agriculture, rural areas and farmers” has been a hot topic of discussion. During the course of the problem, the party and the government introduced a series of safeguard measures and policy systems. Based on this, this paper focuses on the problems existing in the fishermen's social security system and the measures to solve the problems. At the same time, the reasons for the reform of the fishermen's social security system are also briefly explained. The main reasons can be divided into four points, namely the cost of living, unemployment insurance for fishermen, fishery resources, and income of fishermen, etc., which are the reasons why the fishery social security system is in urgent need of optimization, contributing to the sustainable development and progress of fisheries.


Significance In January, President Rodrigo Duterte with congress’s support ordered pensions benefits under the government-run Social Security System (SSS) to be boosted by 1,000 pesos per month (19.3 dollars), with another 1,000-peso boost scheduled for 2022 or earlier. However, planned increases to contributions have been delayed. Impacts Employers and labour unions could unite against the planned pension reforms. The 2019 mid-term congressional elections could delay social security reforms. Confidence in the Duterte administration’s economic credentials could falter.


Subject Russia's burgeoning grey economy. Significance Russia's grey economy accounts for one-fifth of GDP and employs one-fifth of the workforce, according to official statistics, and the trend is upwards. The sector sometimes overlaps with crime but often plugs gaps in retail and services which the official economy and state provision cannot fill, and offers people a chance to boost meagre incomes. The urge to avoid taxation seen as excessive narrows the base of honest taxpayers, forcing government to impose higher levies on them. Impacts The social security system will come under more strain from low tax payment, an ageing population and a poor savings culture. The increase in the pensionable age is likely to boost informal employment. Freelance consultants and other professionals, often working remotely, will boost white-collar informal employment.


2011 ◽  
Vol 55-57 ◽  
pp. 2039-2044
Author(s):  
Lei Sun

Rural migrant workers in cities exist as a special group and its social security issue attracts much attention from the country and the government. Despite of it, there emerges a serious of problems in the process of social security completion toward rural migrant workers. For example, significant discrepancy between rural migrant workers’ economic contribution and social security policy; low positivity and little awareness of participation in the social security system; lagging behind of Endowment insurance ; disparity between rural areas and urban areas; The shortage of rural migrant workers’ medical security; Difficulties in implementing rural migrant workers’ social security, and so on . This essay, through analyzing causes of these problems, bring up suggestions on: reforming the census register policy and land policy and eliminating the disparity between the rural and the urban; Systematizing rural migrant workers’ social security net; Building the social relief system for rural migrant workers concentrating on ensuring a minimum standard of living and their medical insurance system; completing social security system, and the like.


Populasi ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pande Made Kutanegara

Every society collectively develops a certain system or institution which can be used to solve various problems in their life. The rural Javanese society has developed an activity to assist one another, either in the form of service, goods or money. This kind of activity is a social security system that is very important to them. This activity holds two meanings. First, it is a tool to reduce the burden of others, and the second is it creates and enhances the social solidarity of the group. In this context, helping one another has changed the feeling of insecurity to security among group of people. During a social, economic, and cultural transformation process in the Javanese rural areas, it turns out that this model of assisting one another is not always successful. On the contrary, it has created the feeling of insecurity among groups in society, especially the poor.


2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kulondwa Safari ◽  
Charity Njoka ◽  
Mugisho Guershom Munkwa

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of financial literacy on personal retirement planning in Bukavu city in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), which is a Sub-Saharan underdeveloped country with a weak pension and social security system.Design/methodology/approachThis study used a structural equation modeling and a sample of 361 public sector employees selected in Bukavu city in the DRC. The data were collected through a survey questionnaire, and the data were analyzed using SPSS and SMART PLS software.FindingsThe results from the study revealed that financial literacy has a significant impact on personal retirement planning. Two constructs of financial literacy, respectively, computation capability and financial knowledge were found to have a significant impact on personal retirement planning, while financial education and attitudes toward financial products were found not significant in explaining personal retirement planning.Practical implicationsThe findings from this study can be used by policy makers in the DRC to design socioeconomic programs, aiming to increase the level of financial literacy in the country and awareness on personal retirement planning.Originality/valueThe reviewed studies were based mostly on developed countries, and countries were the social security system works effectively. We have not found a study on financial literacy and retirement planning that has been conducted in the DRC, which is a country with specific characteristics compared to developed countries.


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