“Of age – off school”: sexual maturation, girls’ education and capabilities

2019 ◽  
Vol 119 (3) ◽  
pp. 202-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ikedinachi K. Ogamba
Keyword(s):  
Sex Education ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Sexual Maturation ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Admission Policy ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Gender Differentials ◽  
Inequality In Education ◽  
And Performance ◽  
And Gender

PurposeOver the years, efforts to ensure equal participation of girls in school in Nigeria have been met with some setbacks, amidst significant progress in mobilising communities for gender equality and mainstreaming. The purpose of this paper is to explore a number of features associated with sexual maturation that affect girls’ non-enrolment, limited attendance, performance at school and gender inequality in primary and secondary education in Nigeria.Design/methodology/approachThe analytical engagement with the capability approach draws out elements of inequalities and demonstrates that issues of sexual maturation do not just constitute personal health challenge for adolescent girls, but bring up wider issues of socio-cultural, community and institutional deprivation and injustice.FindingsThough laudable initiatives have been in place to improve girls’ participation and attainment in education, there is a dire need for appropriate policy and actions to address the supply and demand barriers to meeting girls’ needs, including making schools more girl-friendly and safe, providing school-based health programmes, sex education and sanitation facilities, train teachers against gender-stereotype, flexible school schedules and enforce re-admission policy. But beyond school policy and environment, there is also the need to respond to opportunity costs of schooling and leverage collective capabilities.Originality/valueThis paper argues that cultural and socioeconomic factors surrounding sexual maturation are implicated in gender differentials in participation and performance of girls and gender inequality in education. It suggests the need for the application of collective capabilities for action towards addressing girls’ sexual maturation issues and education in the society.

scholarly journals Ethnic conflict and gender inequality in education: the case of Turkey

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 400-421
Author(s):  
Ramazan Kılınç ◽  
Jody Neathery-Castro ◽  
Selin Akyüz
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Conflict ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Inequality In Education ◽  
And Gender

China's MeToo movement challenges entrenched abuses

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Harassment ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Online Discussion ◽  
Legal Action ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Second Child ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Media ◽  
And Gender

Subject Gender inequality and the MeToo movement in China. Significance Over the past year, numerous women have filed complaints against powerful and influential men in the media, civil society and academia, and, in spite of intense censorship, online discussion of sexual harassment and gender inequality remains vibrant. Women are taking legal action against gender discrimination in the workplace and against employers who dismiss them for getting pregnant. Impacts Relaxation of family planning rules and government encouragement for having children will make employers even more reluctant to hire women. Professions that traditionally employ more women, such as education and healthcare, will attempt to prevent women having a second child. Courts and other institutions of redress are ill-prepared to tackle sexual harassment or gender discrimination in the workplace.

Disruption or reproduction? Nativity, gender and online dating in Canada

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Qian
Keyword(s):  
Mate Selection ◽  
Online Dating ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Romantic Partners ◽  
Search Theory ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Gender Differentials ◽  
And Gender

PurposeThe spread of the Internet has transformed the dating landscape. Given the increasing popularity of online dating and rising immigration to Canada, this study takes an intersectional lens to examine nativity and gender differentials in heterosexual online dating.Design/methodology/approachIn 2018, a random-digit-dial telephone survey was conducted in Canada. Logistic regression models were used to analyze original data from this survey (N = 1,373).FindingsResults show that immigrants are more likely than native-born people to have used online dating in Canada, possibly because international relocation makes it more difficult for immigrants to meet romantic partners in other ways. In online-to-offline transitions, both native-born and immigrant online daters follow gendered scripts where men ask women out for a first date. Finally, immigrant men, who likely have disadvantaged positions in offline dating markets, also experience the least success in finding a long-term partner online.Originality/valueExtending search theory of relationship formation to online dating, this study advances the understanding of change and continuity in gendered rituals and mate-selection processes in the digital and globalization era. Integrating search theory and intersectionality theory, this study highlights the efficiency of using the Internet to search for romantic partners and the socially constructed hierarchy of desirability as interrelated mechanisms that produce divergent online dating outcomes across social groups. Internet dating, instead of acting as an agent of social change, may reproduce normative dating practices and existing hierarchies of desirability.

Wicked Problem and Gender Inequality in the Educational Sector

2021 ◽  
pp. 157-174
Author(s):  
Idris Olayiwola Ganiyu ◽  
Adeshina Olushola Adeniyi
Keyword(s):  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Universal Access ◽  
Wicked Problem ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
African Countries ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Inequality In Education ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
And Gender

Since the coinage of the term ‘wicked problem' in the 1970s, various dimensions of the concept have emerged. Various social ills such as inequality, political instability, terrorism, diseases, famine, poverty, and corruption are considered as wicked problem. Many of the wicked problems are so called because of their complexities and difficulties of finding solutions to the problems. A major wicked problem that is pervasive in many African countries is gender inequality in education. Universal access to education for girls and boys is one of the objectives of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). In addition, the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) also emphasized quality education and gender equality as two of the main agendas that should be achieved by developed and developing countries. This chapter explores the gender inequality in the educational sector in selected Sub-Saharan African countries. A comparative analysis of the inequality on school enrollment in Kenya, Nigeria, and South Africa was explored. The implication for policy and practice is discussed in this chapter.

The human development index predicts female entrepreneurship rates

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 745-766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narendranathan Maniyalath ◽  
Roshni Narendran
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
National Income ◽  
Female Entrepreneurship ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Development Index ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gem Data

Purpose – Past research has identified a negative association between national income and female entrepreneurship rates. Data from Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) 2012 are analyzed to determine whether the Human Development Index (HDI) predicts female entrepreneurship rates. The purpose of this paper is to indicate how other socioeconomic variables that measure human development interact with national income to predict female entrepreneurship rates. Design/methodology/approach – Data were drawn from the 2012 GEM data set, which provides information on female entrepreneurship rates in 61 countries. To test relevant hypotheses, dependent and socio-demographic variables were sourced from international databases to perform quantitative cross-country regression analyses. Findings – National income significantly predicted female entrepreneurship rates in the univariate analysis. However, this relationship became non-significant when development indices were added to the model. In contrast, the HDI, the Gender Inequality Index, and national religious composition were robust, significant predictors. Practical implications – This study presents evidence that human and gender development indices, and national religious composition, are better predictors of female entrepreneurship rates than national income. Thus, studies on female entrepreneurship rates should account and adjust for human development and gender equality indices. As religiosity continues to be pervasive within multiple nations, policymakers should consider this when developing interventions geared toward promoting female entrepreneurship. Originality/value – This paper identifies factors other than economic determinism to explain variance in female entrepreneurship rates and demonstrates that human development and gender inequality indices are better predictors of female entrepreneurship rates.

The effects of trade liberalization on skill acquisition: a systematic review

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-95
Author(s):  
Sharon Zhengyang Sun ◽  
Samuel MacIsaac ◽  
Buck C. Duclos ◽  
Meredith B. Lilly
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Trade Liberalization ◽  
Skill Acquisition ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
The Usa ◽  
And Gender

Purpose The benefits of trade liberalization on upskilling and skill-based wage premiums for high-skilled workers have recently been questioned in policy circles, in part because of rising income inequality and populist movements in developed economies such as the USA. The purpose of this paper is to determine the effects of trade liberalization on the relative supply and demand for skills. Design/methodology/approach Through the systematic review of the literature on trade and skill acquisition, this paper isolates a total of 25 articles published over the past two decades. Findings Key findings demonstrate the importance of the relative development of the trading partner, with more developed countries experiencing higher upskilling, while less developed countries experience deskilling. Technology, geographic level of analysis, sector and gender were also found to be important influences on human capital acquisition associated with international trade. Originality/value Overall, the authors find support for the idea that trade with developing countries places pressure on low-skill jobs in developed countries but increases the demand for educated workers. The implications of shifts in skills for public policy-making and in terms of the skill premium on wages are discussed.

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