scholarly journals Unemployment invariance hypothesis, added and discouraged worker effects in Canada

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (7) ◽  
pp. 929-936 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aysit Tansel ◽  
Zeynel Abidin Ozdemir
Keyword(s):  
Participation Rate ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Separate Analysis ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Added Worker Effect ◽  
Population Policies ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Invariance Hypothesis ◽  
To Come

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the long-run relationship between unemployment rate (UR) and labor force participation rate (LFPR) for men and women in Canada. Given that there are differences in the URs and participation rates of men and women, the authors perform separate analysis for them also. Design/methodology/approach The authors use co-integration analysis to investigate the existence of a long-run relationship between UR and LFPR in Canada using time series monthly data for the past 40 years. Findings The finding that there is long-run relationship between UR and LFPR leads the authors to doubt the pertinence of the unemployment invariance hypothesis for Canada. The authors further find evidence for added-worker effect for men and discouraged-worker effect for women in Canada and the authors elaborate on the possible explanations for this seemingly contradictory finding. Practical implications The lack of support for the unemployment invariance hypotheses implies that changes in the participation rate which may be due to aging population, policies of early retirement or constraints on working time will affect the UR in the long run. Originality/value This paper investigates the unemployment invariance hypothesis in Canada to come up with policy implications about long-run UR. The authors further elaborate on the possible explanations for the added-worker effect for men and the discouraged-worker effect for women that the authors find in this study.

Unemployment and labor force participation in Italy

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Nemore ◽  
Rocco Caferra ◽  
Andrea Morone
Keyword(s):  
Labor Force ◽  
Labor Force Participation ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Empirical Investigation ◽  
Cointegration Analysis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Added Worker Effect ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Invariance Hypothesis

PurposeOur main purpose is to test the unemployment invariance hypothesis in Italy.Design/methodology/approachThis paper provides an empirical investigation of the unemployment and labor force participation in Italy.FindingsCointegration analysis results strongly suggest a clear long-run relationship between unemployment and labor force participation revealing a persistent and general added worker effect.Originality/valueOur results seem to confute the unemployment invariance hypothesis.

The force of globalization reshaping the local institutions: evidence from the Organization of Islamic Cooperation member countries

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nahla Samargandi ◽  
Kazi Sohag ◽  
Ali Kutan ◽  
Maha Alandejani
Keyword(s):  
Government Expenditure ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Institutional Setting ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Nonlinear Relation ◽  
Political Globalization

PurposeThe authors reinforce the existing literature on the effect of overall globalization on institutional quality (IQ), while incorporating the effects of economic, political and social aspects of globalization, human capital, government expenditure and population growth. To this end, the authors estimate panel data models for a sample of 36 member countries of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) during 1984–2016.Design/methodology/approachThe authors employ the cross-sectional autoregressive distributed lags (CS-ARDL) approach.FindingsThe study’s investigation affirms the presence of an inverted U-shaped (nonlinear) relation between overall globalization and IQ indexes for the sample countries, which suggests no additional room for improvement in IQ. It also underpins the existence of an inverted-U-shaped (nonlinear) relation between political globalization and IQ. In contrast, economic and social globalizations have a U-shaped relation with IQ, implying more scope for improvement.Research limitations/implicationsThe findings have key policy implications. First, policy makers should consider a long-run approach for improving IQ and globalization over time. Second, quick reforms in the short run may not improve IQ.Practical implicationsThe results suggest that policy makers should approach the globalization process from a long-run perspective as well by designing appropriate strategies to provide a continuous but gradual increase in globalization so as to systematically monitor the threshold limits to IQ from improving globalizationOriginality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this work is the first to empirically investigate the overall role of globalization in promoting IQ under the conditions of short-run heterogeneity and long-run homogeneity. The authors focus on the member countries of the OIC, many of which are ruled by authoritarian regimes and suffer from a poor domestic institutional setting.

JD.com: leveraging the edge of e-business

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-30
Author(s):  
Allan KK Chan ◽  
Caleb Huanyong Chen ◽  
Long Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Business Model ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Corporate Strategy ◽  
The Self ◽  
Logistics System ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Long Run ◽  
New Business ◽  
Internet Finance ◽  
To Come

Subject area E-Business; Corporate Strategy; Strategic Management; Operation Management. Study level/applicability Senior undergraduate; MBA; EMBA. Case overview After development for 10 years, JD was now China’s second largest business-to-customer (B2C) e-retailer and the largest in self-operated sector. It was September 2015 when Liu Qiangdong was deciding whether to persist with JD’s self-operated model and the heavy investment in the self-built logistics system. JD’s business model had been functioning well. However, as JD grew bigger and bigger, it became too expensive to expand its logistics system. JD had not made a profit since it raised funds from investors. Liu had to come up with a good proposal before the next monthly meeting to convince them that JD would finally overtake its biggest rival, Alibaba which ran on a different business model. In addition, JD was exploiting the rural and the global markets, as well as a new business in internet finance. Facing challenges and dilemmas, should JD persist with its model? How could Liu align short-term profitability with long-run development? How could JD overcome attacks from Alibaba and other competitors? Expected learning outcomes This case is appropriate for courses in e-business and strategy, particularly those with a strong focus on doing e-business in emerging markets (e.g. China). After studying the case, students should be able to: understand the e-commerce market in China; understand business models and key strategies of e-retailers; identify and analyse the pros and cons of the self-operated business model and self-built logistics system in e-commerce; learn how to evaluate performance, strategies and business models of e-commerce companies; and extract key trends in the market and compare different strategies. Supplementary materials Teaching notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email [email protected] to request teaching notes. Subject code: CSS 11: Strategy.

scholarly journals In memoriam: Professor David J. Campbell, 1963-2017

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 520-524
Author(s):  
Richard Slack
Keyword(s):  
Collaborative Research ◽  
Environmental Accounting ◽  
Accounting Education ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Corporate Accountability ◽  
Accounting Disclosure ◽  
Content Type ◽  
To Come ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose This tribute is in memory of Professor David Campbell, who sadly died in June 2017. David was an influential and inspirational global researcher in accounting. This tribute summarises his significant contribution to the discipline as well as providing insights into his career at Northumbria and Newcastle Universities. Design/methodology/approach The tribute provides a review of David’s research and his key publications in accounting. Specifically, his invaluable contribution to social and environmental accounting disclosure and related corporate accountability is highlighted. Findings David was a hugely popular personality in the accounting research discipline and he will be missed by colleagues and friends across the world. His insightful research, thinking and engaging personality led to enduring friendships and significant collaborative research publications. David was a great supporter of international conferences at which he actively encouraged and nurtured research by others around him. Research limitations/implications David leaves a legacy of influential publications in accounting that have shaped the discipline and have helped develop solid foundations for rigorous future research in the area. Practical implications David’s research had significant practical implications with regard to the usefulness of voluntary accounting disclosure narrative to stakeholders. As well as highlighting the policy implications in relation to corporate disclosure, his work contributed to the debate concerning the accountability and ethics of organisations. Beyond research, David was also influential in professional accounting education as ACCA chief examiner for “Governance, Risk and Ethics”, embedding these issues into the curriculum. Social implications The tribute highlights David’s global collaborative research friendships and their fruitful publications. He will be a huge loss to those people and others who knew him closely, as well as to the accounting community in general. Originality/value David enhanced the discipline as we know it and through his work will continue to shape the discipline in years to come. David had a love for research and for others whom he knew through it.

scholarly journals New empirics of monetary policy dynamics: evidence from the CFA franc zones

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 164-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simplice Asongu
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Granger Causality ◽  
Money Supply ◽  
Monetary Union ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Cfa Franc

Purpose – A major lesson of the European Monetary Union crisis is that serious disequilibria in a monetary union result from arrangements not designed to be robust to a variety of shocks. With the specter of this crisis looming substantially and scarring existing monetary zones, the purpose of this paper is to complement existing literature by analyzing the effects of monetary policy on economic activity (output and prices) in the CEMAC and UEMOA CFA franc zones. Design/methodology/approach – VARs within the frameworks of Vector Error-Correction Models and Granger causality models are used to estimate the long- and short-run effects, respectively. Impulse response functions are further used to assess the tendencies of significant Granger causality findings. A battery of robustness checks are also employed to ensure consistency in the specifications and results. Findings –H1. monetary policy variables affect prices in the long-run but not in the short-run in the CFA zones (broadly untrue). This invalidity is more pronounced in CEMAC (relative to all monetary policy variables) than in UEMOA (with regard to financial dynamics of activity and size). H2. monetary policy variables influence output in the short-term but not in the long-run in the CFA zones. First, the absence of cointegration among real output and the monetary policy variables in both zones confirm the neutrality of money in the long term. With the exception of overall money supply, the significant effect of money on output in the short-run is more relevant in the UEMOA zone, than in the CEMAC zone in which only financial system efficiency and financial activity are significant. Practical implications – First, compared to the CEMAC region, the UEMOA zone’s monetary authority has more policy instruments for offsetting output shocks but fewer instruments for the management of short-run inflation. Second, the CEMAC region is more inclined to non-traditional policy regimes while the UEMOA zone dances more to the tune of traditional discretionary monetary policy arrangements. A wide range of policy implications are discussed. Inter alia: implications for the long-run neutrality of money and business cycles; implications for credit expansions and inflationary tendencies; implications of the findings to the ongoing debate; country-specific implications and measures of fighting surplus liquidity. Originality/value – The paper’s originality is reflected by the use of monetary policy variables, notably money supply, bank and financial credits, which have not been previously used, to investigate their impact on the outputs of economic activities, namely, real GDP output and inflation, in developing country monetary unions.

Environmental policy stringency and comparative advantage of environmental sensitive goods: a study of textile exports in G20 countries

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alisha Mahajan ◽  
Kakali Majumdar
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Policy ◽  
Comparative Advantage ◽  
Export Performance ◽  
Environmental Policies ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Global Trade ◽  
Porter Hypothesis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Environmentally Sensitive

PurposeTextile, listed as one of the highly environmentally sensitive goods, its trade is susceptible to be influenced by the implementation of stringent environmental policies. This paper aims to investigate the long-run relationship between revealed comparative advantage (RCA) and Environmental Policy Stringency Index (EPSI) for textile exports of G20 countries in panel data setup.Design/methodology/approachApart from trend analysis, the authors have employed Pedroni and Westerlund panel cointegration method and fully modified ordinary least square (FMOLS) method to study the long-run relationship between RCA and EPSI in presence of cross-sectional dependence.FindingsA strong link between trade and environmental stringency is observed for textile in the present study. For G20 countries, slight evidence of the Pollution Haven Hypothesis has also been witnessed in the study. Correspondingly, the results reveal the presence of long-run association between the variables under study, implying that stringent environmental policies reduce RCA for some countries, whereas some countries witness the Porter hypothesis.Research limitations/implicationsThe results imply that policy formulation should not aim at limiting the efforts of connecting RCA to environmental stringency but to set trade policies in a wider framework, considering environmental concerns, as these are inseparable subjects. However, this study also provides relevant real-world implications that can support further research.Practical implicationsThe present study has important implications for textile exporters such as green innovations. The Porter hypothesis can be a beneficial tool for G20 exporters in enhancing their export performance, especially for the ones dealing in environmentally sensitive goods. This study offers relevant policy implications and provides directions for future research on global trade and environment nexus.Originality/valueThis study deals in a debatable area of research that evaluates the interlinkages between environmental stringency and global trade flows in the G20 countries. An important observation of the study is the asymmetrical nature of policy stringency across different countries and its impact on trade. The unavailability of updated data is the limitation of the present study.

Impact of foreign direct investment and international tourism on long-run economic growth of Estonia

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amin Sokhanvar ◽  
Glenn P. Jenkins
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Growth Strategy ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
International Tourism ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Fdi Inflows ◽  
Economic Growth Rate ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Long Run

PurposeInternational tourism and FDI inflows have generated detectable beneficial impacts on the economy of Estonia in the last decades. However, recently, poor international market conditions mostly caused by the trade war and COVID-19 pandemic have been a potential threat to these two factors. Besides, the poor performance of investments in recent years is behind the stagnation of productivity in Estonia. This study examines the dynamics of the effects of these factors on the rate of economic growth in Estonia and provides policy implications in line with sustained recovery.Design/methodology/approachA nonlinear ARDL technique is employed in this study to investigate the long-run effects of FDI and the degree of tourism specialization on economic growth rate.FindingsOur findings indicate that the economic growth rate of Estonia in the long run has been positively affected by both the rate of FDI inflows and international tourism.Originality/valueThis is the first study that employs a non-linear approach to investigate the dynamics of long-run effects of FDI and tourism specialization on the rate of economic growth in Estonia and provides policy implications in line with optimal growth strategy considering the economic structure, the current level of productivity and available potentials in this economy.

Trade Openness, Financial Development Index and Economic Growth

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 362-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dogga Satyanarayana Murthy ◽  
Suresh Kumar Patra ◽  
Amaresh Samantaraya
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Financial Development ◽  
Trade Openness ◽  
Output Growth ◽  
Domestic Demand ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Financial Development Index

Purpose – The purpose of this article is to examine the inter-relationship and direction of causality among three macroeconomic variables such as trade liberalization, financial development and economic growth. Design/methodology/approach – The empirical analysis is based on the principal component analysis as method to construct financial development index (FDI), augmented Dickey–Fuller and Phillips–Perron tests as the unit root test, Johansen’s co-integration test and VECM for direction of causality in the long run among TOP, FDI and economic growth. Findings – The empirical results confirmed that there exists a long-run association among trade openness, financial development and economic growth. This study has also found that there is bidirectional causality between financial development and growth. However, the causality runs from growth to finance is stronger than that from finance to growth. This study also observed unidirectional causality that runs from financial development and economic growth to trade openness. Research limitations/implications – The policy implications that could be drawn from the present study is that, initiation of financial reforms to improve the size of financial system would lead to higher economic growth. Another key implication from this study is that because trade openness has no effect on both domestic financial sector development and output growth, it would be better to deploy the resources into creating a sustained domestic demand rather than concentrating more on the external front in general and trade openness in particular. Originality/value – The study constructs a summary IFD for India by taking into account four broad financial development indicators for the period 1971-2012. The present paper also suggests that it would be better to deploy the resources to create a sustained domestic demand rather than concentrating more on the external front in general and trade openness in particular.

scholarly journals Globalization and female economic participation in MINT and BRICS countries

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tolulope Osinubi ◽  
Simplice Asongu
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Participation Rate ◽  
Labour Force Participation ◽  
Labour Force Participation Rate ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Brics Countries ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Economic Participation

PurposeThis study examines the effect of globalization on female economic participation (FEP) in MINT (Mexico, Indonesia, Nigeria and Turkey) and BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa) countries between 2004 and 2018.Design/methodology/approachFour measures of globalization are employed and sourced from KOF globalization index, 2018, while the female labour force participation rate is a proxy for FEP. The empirical evidence is based on the Pooled Mean Group (PMG) estimator.FindingsThe findings of the PMG estimator from the Panel ARDL method reveal that political and overall globalization in MINT and BRICS countries have a positive impact on FEP, whereas social globalization exerts a negative impact on FEP in the long-run. It is observed that economic globalization has no long-run effect on FEP. Contrarily, all the measures of globalization reflect no short-run effect on FEP. This supports the argument that globalization has no immediate effect on FEP. Thus, it is recommended that both MINT and BRICS countries should find a way of improving the process of globalization generally to empower women to be involved in economic activities.Originality/valueThis study complements the extant literature by focusing on how globalization dynamics influence FEP in the MINT and BRICS countries.

Does terrorism hamper FDI inflows? A pre and post 9/11 analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Imtiaz Arif ◽  
Amna Sohail Rawat ◽  
Lubna Khan
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Sample Period ◽  
Fdi Inflows ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Empirical Estimates ◽  
Pooled Mean Group ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Relationship

PurposeThis research intends to determine the role of terrorism in defying foreign direct investment (FDI) in top terror effected economies.Design/methodology/approachPanel data on FDI and terrorism from top terror effected economies spanning from 1987 to 2018 were used and the relationship for whole sample was investigated. Later the sample period was divided into pre (1987–2001) and post 9/11 (2002–2018) subsample and same relationship was tested to investigate the normalization of terror effect on FDI. The method of Pooled Mean Group (PMG) was used to test the hypothesis.FindingsThe results showed a negative but statistically insignificant impact of terrorism on the FDI inflows in the long run. Later the sample period was divided into pre (1987–2001) and post 9/11 (2002–2018) subsample. The empirical estimates for pre and post 9/11 periods indicated a negative and statistically significant relationship between terrorism and FDI for pre 9/11 period, and a negative but statistically insignificant relationship between the two variables for post 9/11 period.Originality/valueThe findings suggest several important policy implications for the terror affected countries and are further discussed in the study.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document