White paper on Promoting Domestic Manufacturing of Medical Devices

India’s medical device market is the fourth largest in India and one of the top 20 worldwide; however import dependence to the tunes of about 80 percent of overall sales is an impediment to achieve self-reliance vis-a-vis domestic manufacturing of medical devices and equipments. This high reliance on imports presents a grand opportunity to domestic manufacturers. An enabled ecosystem that promotes indigenous manufacturing of medical devices is crucial for the growth of the health care sector. The current white paper analyses various scenarios for manufacturing capability of different medical technologies and probable recommendations to augment and strengthen production within each scenario.The four scenarios described in the paper includes (1) those medical devices for which there is a high domestic demand that is fulfilled through imports even if domestic manufacturing capacity exists, implying low production in the country (2) relatively low-end technology medical devices for which there is domestic demand with high reliance on imports (3) high-end technology devices which are imported to satisfy domestic need and for which there is no domestic manufacturing capacity (4) medical devices which are being exported to rest of the World. The paper recommends for a comprehensive regulatory overhauls, review of existing taxation structure, calibrated customs duty, fixed term capital subsidy, extended coverage of PLI scheme, strengthening the research and innovation ecosystem, emphasis on technology transfer and building brand India as some of the measures that can potentially favour promotion of domestic manufacturing of medical devices and allow the India Med-Tech sector to grow into global champions.

Performance of cocoa beans production modelling in Indonesia

Cocoa beans production Indonesia has decline in recent years but demand for cocoa beans relatively increase. This research aims to analyse the modelling of cocoa beans production in Indonesia. This research used secondary data from 2005-2018, with simultaneous equation models. The results of this research indicate that the production of cocoa beans has a positive relationship with land area, international price of cocoa beans and lag of cocoa beans production, while the price of domestic cocoa beans has a negative relationship with cocoa beans production. Domestic demand for cocoa beans has a positive relationship with domestic price of cocoa beans and the cocoa processing industry. Domestic price of cocoa beans has a positive relationship with domestic demand for cocoa beans, international price of cocoa beans and lag domestic price of cocoa beans, while cocoa beans production has a negative relationship with domestic cocoa bean prices.

Opportunities, Challenges and Countermeasures of SMEs Based on "Inner Cycle"

Over a long time, the development of China’s economy has always relied heavily on investment, export and consumption, or is export-oriented to promote economic growth; however, in the new world economic situation, the export has been curbed and the economic focus needs to be shifted. And China has gradually formed the awareness and strategy of attaching importance to stimulating domestic demand and expanding the domestic consumption market. Therefore, internal circulation will bring unlimited opportunities and challenges to SMEs. It is necessary for SMEs to pay attention to internal circulation and formulate corresponding countermeasures according to internal circulation policies to promote the stable and sustainable development of SMEs.

Sequel outcome of automobile sector on account of covid – 19 through technical analysis

The COVID – 19 pandemic has deteriorated multiple facets of the stable functioning of economies of most countries. Social restrictions associated with the immediate response to the pandemic has curtailed dynamic functioning of many industries that buttress the economic development of countries. Performance of automotive industries was expected to nosedive following the travel restrictions. One of the major sources of profit for the automotive industries in India is their consumer base in countries like U. K, Germany, and China etc. Severity of the pandemic in these countries entailed trade regulations that propelled a negative trend in the market growth of Indian automotive industries. But the economy of automotive sector of India was saved from a free fall by the countering effect of the domestic demand in private transportation. This paper presents the technical analysis on the Maruti Suzuki Private Limited to measure the stock movement of the Automobile sector in the Indian Stock Market.

Processing and marketing of rattan canes in Nepal

This study highlights the processing and marketing of rattan canes with reference to small and medium enterprises (SMEs). The study was designed based on the exploratory research, and was carried out in all the districts of Nepal with rattan enterprises. The main objective was to assess the processing status, supply, and demand including constraints and potentialities of rattan-canes as well as their marketing practices. Systematic random sampling method was followed to take the sampling of rattan processing enterprises of CFUGs. The questionnaire survey was conducted among35 rattan entrepreneurs cum rattan traders and ten executive committee members of CFUGs. The quantitative data was analyzed using Frequency. The study found that hanger, cradle, stools, chairs, and tables were largely manufactured items among all the rattan-cane products. The annual consumption of imported rattan from India and other countries ranged from 850 MT to 1094 MT. Nepalese rattan fulfills 30% of the total demand. The average marketing margin of rattan products was found to be 37-64%. Nepalese rattan is potential to fulfill 70-80% of the total domestic demand of smaller size strands of rattan.

Soybean Competitiveness Compared to Other Secondary Crops and Its Prospect to Achieve Self-Sufficiency in Indonesia

Demand for soybean in Indonesia keeps increasing along with population growth. So far, most of the domestic demand is fulfilled through soybean import. This study aims to analyze the prospect of soybean self-sufficiency in the perspective of its competitiveness against other secondary crops in Indonesia. The analysis method applied in this study is comparison of financial farm income between soybean farming against other secondary crops, namely corn, groundnut and mungbean. The results of analysis showed that soybean was not competitive compared to other secondary crops. This was indicated by relatively low farm income of soybean farming compared to those of corn, groundnut, and mungbean. Rational farmers would be expected to choose the more profitable crops rather than growing soybean. Therefore, without significant breakthroughs, the area planted with soybean and its production will keep decreasing. In other words, it is almost impossible to achieve self-sufficency in soybean.

A Study of Floriculture Entrepreneurial Challenges in Odisha, India

Floriculture is the practice of cultivating and planting flowers for commercial purposes. Odisha is a state with a lot of flower production and commercial possibilities. The government has also created some policies for Floriculture under the Department of Horticulture, taking into account the demand and scope of flowers in the state. Floriculture provides a wealth of opportunities for the state's residents, not only in terms of farming, but also in terms of employment. Rose, marigold, jasmine, lotus, and champa are some of the flowers that have had a high demand over the years and are currently intended for export. The state's agro-climatic conditions are ideal for flower planting, and the number of flower plantations is increasing day by day to meet domestic demand as well as the demands of the state's enterprises. Now, floriculture is solely for commercial purposes, with small and medium-sized businesses relying on it.

Latin America in the fight against the Coronavirus crisis: The impact on economic and political stability in the region

The world has entered the third decade of the century, gripped by the global crisis and the COVID-19. These specific conditions have undermined the development and sustainability of the less prepared countries of Latin America and the Caribbean (LCA). The authors show that the COVID-19 pandemic was the largest shock for the LCA countries in the social and economic spheres. Before the pandemic, the LCA states had rather modest indicators of economic development. They were strongly influenced by external factors of protectionism opposition to the free trade and the looming global economic crisis. They have accumulated deep internal contradictions of social inequality and low domestic demand. The economic situation in the LCA countries has become even more complicated due to the development of a pandemic in 2020-2021: it was characterized by a halt or decline in economic activity, growing budget deficit and public debt, decline in domestic demand for goods and services, decreasing export revenues, declining investments, businesses closure, rising unemployment and poverty. To contain the spread of coronavirus, prevent overstrain of health systems and reduce human losses, the LCA governments took a number of measures to overcome the COVID-19 crisis, which came down to general measures of population social support and direct measures against the spread of the pandemic, including vaccination which has become an issue of utmost importance in the absence of local vaccines and a shortage of purchased vaccines or delivered under the COVAX program. However, as it is shown in the article, the measures taken by the LCA states to protect the population and the economy from the strikes of the pandemic are insufficient; vaccination programs are almost completely dependent on external vaccine manufacturers and international assistance.

Argentine government pins hopes on mining and energy

Significance The rebound related to higher world prices, growing global and domestic demand, more efficient operations at the Vaca Muerta shale oil field and new natural gas subsidies. These industries still have considerable development potential, which the government hopes to foster given their role as a source of regional employment and export dollars. Impacts High global prices and post-pandemic rebound will boost production and exports, notably of lithium, copper and unconventional hydrocarbons. Natural resources will attract new green energy projects, especially in connection with photovoltaic and wind energy. Environmental protests over extractive projects will persist.

LITERARY HERITAGE OF MASHKHUR ZHUSUP KOPEYULY: PRESENT AND PAST

The article is devoted to the study of the literary heritage of the famous poet, philosopher, historian Mashhur Zhusup Kopeyuly, who lived in the second half of the XIX-early XX centuries. The more complicated the fate of the poet, more accurately describing the social realities of his time and the situation of life in the country, the more difficult his works reached the people. Briefly considering the poet's work from the first articles, the article analyzes the creative path of a famous scientist now working in the field of popular science. Mashhur Zhusup Kopeevich was a famous person of his time, a spiritual leader, and a master of deep teachings. The name of mashhur Zhusup remained in the heart of the country not only for his poetry, but also for his Holy, devout, piety and amazing way of life, unlike anyone else. The poet's work, through its rich channels of spiritual experience, saturates the people with religious and moral values. In accordance with the domestic demand of the population for the works of the poet, the research channels of Mashkhurtu are also expanding.