Science and education in the form 4.0: public policy and organization based on human and artificial intellectual capital

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 549-564
Author(s):  
Konstantin V. Vodenko ◽  
Svetlana A. Lyausheva
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Production Factor ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Computer Equipment ◽  
Science And Education ◽  
Human Intellect

PurposeThe purpose of the paper is to develop a concept of organization of the system of science and education in the form 4.0 based on human and artificial intellectual capital.Design/methodology/approachThe methods of regression and correlation analysis are used. The role of human and artificial intellectual capital for provision of effectiveness and competitiveness of the system of science and education is determined, as well as its correspondence to the modern challenges. Analysis of perspectives and limitations of automatization of the system of science and education based on AI is conducted; a model of organization of the system of science and education in the form 4.0 based on human and artificial intellectual capital is compiled.FindingsIt is established that in the system of science and education, the decisive production factor is intellectual capital, but human intellect does not necessarily have to dominate in its structure. AI is one of the most popular technologies of Industry 4.0 in the system of science and education, which has wide perspectives of practical implementation. As experience of the leading world universities, which had the highest level of digitization in 2018, showed, foundation on non-breakthrough digital technologies (computer equipment and Internet) does not allow opening the potential of increase of indicators of effectiveness and competitiveness of the system of science and education and bringing it in correspondence to the modern challenges based on digitization. However, correlation of activity of application of artificial intellectual capital with these indicators is four times higher (0.2), as compared to correlation of these indicators with activity of application of human intellectual capital (0.05). This shows demand for digitization of the system of science and education, but based on breakthrough digital technologies, of which AI should become the key one.Originality/valueIt is substantiated that higher education could be automatized based on AI by 85% and science by 63%. Therefore, on the whole in the system of science and education, the share of AI in the structure of intellectual capital could reach 74% ((85 + 63)/2). It is recommended to use the developed model of organization of the system of science and education in the form 4.0 based on human and artificial intellectual capital.

The role of sociomaterial assemblage on entrepreneurship in coworking-spaces

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Mahmood Aslam ◽  
Ricarda Bouncken ◽  
Lars Görmar
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Entrepreneurial Ventures ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Shared Workspaces ◽  
Inductive Research ◽  
Coworking Spaces ◽  
New Formula

PurposeCoworking-spaces are considered as a new formula to facilitate autonomy, creativity, self-efficacy, work satisfaction and innovation, yet they also might overburden their users who in that course intend to limit social interaction and collaboration in the workspace. Thus, the question is how coworking-spaces shape entrepreneurial ventures.Design/methodology/approachThis study used an inductive research methodology based on data from three different data sources, including observations, archives and interviews from managers and entrepreneurs.FindingsThe findings suggest that the materiality in the form of spatial architectures (working, socialization and support structures) shared facilities and infrastructures (utilities, luxuries and specialties), and integrated digital technologies (applications and platforms) influence the flow of communication, internal and external linkages, as well as functional uniformity and distinctiveness. However, there exists an inherent dualism in sociomaterial assemblage in coworking-spaces, which can lead to instrumental and detrimental outcomes for entrepreneurs.Originality/valueThis study explains the role of sociomaterial assemblage on the working of entrepreneurs in shared workspaces.

“The great divide”: skill gap between the employer’s expectations and skills possessed by employees

2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 175-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geetika Malik ◽  
A. Venkatraman
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Young Population ◽  
Demographic Dividend ◽  
Content Type ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Talent Pool ◽  
Jobless Growth

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to emphasise on demand supply skill gap of human resources in India which would help generate reasons for the same and the necessary steps to be taken to improve the situation and bridge the skill gap helping maximum number of the students becoming employable. It will put an impact on various stakeholders about the steps to be taken in bridging the gap in India. Design/methodology/approach A review of available literature was done in order to understand the reasons behind the increasing skill gap despite a vibrant and abundance of young population. Findings The findings of the paper implicitly point out that a vast skill gap is prevailing in the Indian labour market and there is a dearth of human intellectual capital in India. Also it emphasises on the role of various stakeholders in bridging the skill gap by investing in workforce of today for a better tomorrow. Originality/value Based on literature review, the paper makes specific recommendations to various stakeholders (industry, academia, and government) in bridging the skill gap and would serve as a roadmap for companies guiding them to follow certain strategies to improve skills of future workers by investing in them and growing their own talent pool; and is an attempt to highlight the fact that India’s jobless growth is not going to reap the demographic dividend and certainly the increasing skill gap needs to be bridged ASAP.

Smart supply chain and firm performance: the role of digital technologies

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah Fahad AlMulhim
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Firm Performance ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Smart Technologies ◽  
The Impact

PurposeThis study aims to explore the impact of digital transformation on firm performance with the help of smart technologies.Design/methodology/approachThis study used a valid and well-structured survey to collect data from 460 respondents from 150 Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Saudi Arabia. In order to analyze this data, SmartPLS software was used.FindingsThe empirical results of this study found that the digital transformation has no significant direct impact on firm performance. Therefore, in this situation, smart technologies play an important role in developing the link between digital transformation and firm performance.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the digital supply chain from SMEs' perspective by investigating the mediating role of smart technologies between digital transformation and firm performance.

Portfolio forming decisions: the role of intellectual capital

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 439-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Zavertiaeva
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Investment Portfolio ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Sharpe Ratios ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present a tool to categorize companies as potentially profitable on the basis of an intellectual capital (IC) analysis. Design/methodology/approach – The paper distinguishes two crucial attributions for picking shares: IC and capitalization of IC-based growth potential. Using these two attributions, the author creates a portfolio from a sample of European companies and annually rebalances it. To test its attractiveness, the author then compares the portfolio with benchmarks and random portfolios during the period from 2006 to 2013 using a Sharpe coefficient. Findings – The comparison of the constructed portfolio with the benchmarks demonstrates the importance of IC for market investors and the validity of the proposed tool. The Sharpe ratio of the portfolio is significantly higher than the mean and median Sharpe ratios of random portfolios. In addition, the importance of IC for choosing proper investment goal increases in crisis. Research limitations/implications – This investigation can be improved by analysing other IC such as the qualification of CEOs, participation of the company in business alliances, and a company’s innovation activity. In addition, the paper considers only European companies. Practical implications – The proposed tool provides a method to construct investment-attractive portfolios on the basis of IC. Originality/value – The paper contributes to the literature by identifying the underestimated shares on the basis of a company’s IC and by developing an algorithm to create an IC-based investment portfolio.

Exploring the role of intellectual capital in supply chain intelligence integration

2018 ◽  
Vol 118 (5) ◽  
pp. 1018-1032 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongyi Shou ◽  
Wenjin Hu ◽  
Yongmei Xu
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Relational Capital ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Structural Capital

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the role of intellectual capital (IC) in supply chain intelligence integration (SCII) and the interrelationships of the three components of IC (i.e. human capital (HC), structural capital (SC) and relational capital (RC)) in the supply chain context. Design/methodology/approach This paper conducted an empirical study by using primary data from 389 sample firms. The authors applied structural equation modeling to test the proposed hypotheses. Findings The results indicate that both HC and RC have direct impact on SCII, whereas SC only influences SCII through RC. Originality/value This study evidences that IC is an enabler of SCII. Furthermore, this study reveals the interrelationships of human, structural and RC.

The transformation of the organization’s intellectual capital: from resource to capital

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 610-631 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oksana Lentjušenkova ◽  
Inga Lapina
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Organizational Level ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Content Type ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Definition Of

Purpose Over the last three decades, the role of intellectual capital (IC) in ensuring an organization’s competitiveness has increased significantly. The purpose of this paper is to analyse and evaluate the evolution of the concept of (IC) by showing its transformation from resource to capital, while offering a new perspective on the structure of (IC). Design/methodology/approach The formation and development of (IC) is studied on the basis of literature review, logical and comparative analysis. The new structural components of (IC) are defined upon studying the relationships of the relevant concepts and the content of the concept at organizational level today. Findings In the scientific literature, (IC) is mainly viewed as a resource or set of resources an organization uses for creation of competitive advantage and value. Using the information gathered about different views on (IC), this study shows the development of the sources of the organization’s competitiveness: from resource to (IC). Research limitations/implications This study offers the authors’ view on the nature of the concept of (IC) showing (IC) as a business asset. The analysis of the concept is focused at organizational level. Originality/value The study explains the differences between the interrelated concepts: knowledge, competence, performance and (IC). The authors offer an improved definition of (IC) by showing the evolution of its content and offer their own approach to the structure of (IC) that might facilitate tracking this asset in the organization’s accounts and promote effective management of the asset.

The role of digital technologies to unleash a green recovery: pathways and pitfalls to achieve the European Green Deal

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohit Sharma ◽  
Ana Beatriz Lopes de Sousa Jabbour ◽  
Vranda Jain ◽  
Anjali Shishodia
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Net Zero ◽  
Zero Carbon ◽  
Recovery Pathways

PurposeThe article aims to concern identification and development of pathways for a green recovery process post pandemic taking into account the role of digital technologies for unleashing the policies planned within the European Green Deal (EGD).Design/methodology/approachThe study is based on a systematic literature review (SLR). The electronic databases Scopus and Web of Science (WoS) were surveyed. The authors followed the SLR guidelines laid down by Tranfield et al. (2003) and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) framework and 65 articles were found eligible after thorough reading and inclusion in the analysis.FindingsThe article presents an innovative framework containing the digital technologies and their roles in enabling the achievement of the EGD policies and the barriers to their adoption.Originality/valueThe proposed framework would guide organizations and policymakers' decisions to pursue a pathway in which a green recovery is possible, mainly after the consequences of the current pandemic, considering the pitfalls of the journey. The article is original as it provides an up-to-date guidance toward an emerging theme, which is a green recovery economy including a net-zero carbon worldwide target.

scholarly journals Amateurism and professionalism in work and learning

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (6/7) ◽  
pp. 406-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Professional Practice ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Working Relationships ◽  
Positive Contribution ◽  
Professional Work ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sociological Literature ◽  
New Forms Of Work

Purpose – This article aims to explore the concept of amateurism as a form of critique and addition to the concepts of professionalism, professional work and education. Design/methodology/approach – This is a theoretically driven article based upon a review of the historical and sociological literature on amateur–professional relations in various work contexts. Findings – While amateurism is usually conceived pejoratively, the notion of doing something “for the love of it”, even if one is not formally qualified, opens up the possibilities for conceiving new forms of work, worker and sets of working relationships based upon different conceptions of expertise. Drawing upon historical and contemporary studies of the contribution of amateurism to professional work, and exploring the role of digital technologies in enabling amateurs to contribute to forms of professional practice, the article explores some of the challenges posed for work and learning, and suggests some lines of research to be explored. Originality/value – There has been little to no consideration of amateurism as a positive contribution to considerations of professional work, nor exploration of the expertise and learning of amateurs.

Towards an ontology for the intellectual capital domain

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orestes Vlismas ◽  
George Venieris
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Research Community ◽  
General Systems Theory ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Conceptual Modelling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Conceptual Semantics ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
General Systems

PurposeThis study attempts to formulate an ontological proposition for the intellectual capital (IC) domain. This study is motivated by the debate of contemporary thinking for different IC research streams (IC1‐ostensive versus IC2‐performative) and their different ontological perceptions for IC. The proposed ontological proposition aims to serve the epistemological requirements towards the development of a common accepted generic IC theory.Design/methodology/approachThe formulation of the ontology for the IC domain is based on contemporary tools within the fields of ontology and conceptual modelling. The principal dimensions of the ontology for the IC domain are identified following the directions of the Sowa's generalised theory for ontological frameworks. For each dimension, a generic entity is defined by drawing inferences from disciplines relevant to the contemporary IC inquiry. The relationships between the generic entities are modelled with the semantic representations of General Systems Theory (GST).FindingsThis paper provides an answer to the epistemological problem of how to perceive the substance of the IC domain. The derived ontology for the IC domain recognises different IC ontological dimensions that correspond to the IC ontological assumptions of different IC research streams, attempts to associate the IC of an organization with the tangible dimension of the enterprise, and provides conceptual semantics for modelling firm‐specific IC domains under the prism of different epistemological perspectives for IC.Research limitations/implicationsThe proposed ontological proposition for the IC domain is an abstract ontology. It might empower researchers with guidelines for systemising the formulation of theoretical propositions and descriptions for their research fields. Yet, as an abstract ontology, it might create difficulty in its practical implementation.Originality/valueThe ontological proposition for the IC domain can contribute towards the debate on the establishment of a common research communicational rationalism within the IC research community for coordinating individual research efforts.

Practitioners’ views on intellectual capital and sustainability

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 367-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurizio Massaro ◽  
John Dumay ◽  
Andrea Garlatti ◽  
Francesca Dal Mas
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Integrated Reporting ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Managerial Practices ◽  
Sustainability Research ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between intellectual capital (IC) and sustainability using practitioners’ perspectives and by developing an analysis of comments and practices published in 1,651 blog posts in one of the leading sources of sustainability research: CSRwire.com. Design/methodology/approach A total of 1,651 posts, containing more than 1.5 million words, published by experts in the field of sustainability are analysed using Leximancer and content analysis. Findings The results reveal IC and sustainability to be complex topics under active discussion by practitioners, and several links to the IC literature are identified and compared. The findings focus on the managerial practices applied by leading companies, as discussed by practitioners, that show IC and sustainability influence each other in answering a plurality of demands or logics. Research limitations/implications First, the authors identify the need to study the managerial practices proposed by practitioners, rather than their company reports. Second, the authors propose developing a trading zone for IC researchers and practitioners. Third, the authors reflect on the role of new communication tools, such as integrated reporting, to connect IC and sustainability. Finally, the authors conclude that the relationship between IC and sustainability could benefit from a fifth stage of IC research that considers justifications of the worth of IC and sustainability practices. Originality/value The paper is novel because it addresses concerns about the relationship between IC and sustainability by examining messages posted by practitioners, rather than examining company disclosures. This leads to an understanding of the impact of practices rather than the desires motivating practice. The results support the view that it is time to remove the boundaries of IC research and work towards reconciling the worth of IC to different people in different contexts. The authors argue that practitioners require scholars to reduce the ambiguity between IC and its expected results. This would open the door to a potentially productive way of understanding IC and the complexity of economic, social, and environmental value. In short, researchers should change their research questions from, “What is IC worth to investors, customers, society, and the environment?” to “Is managing IC a worthwhile endeavour?”

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