Significance
Despite aggressive easing by both the Bank of Japan (BoJ) and the ECB, including negative interest rates, the lowering of expectations over the scale and pace of rate hikes by the US Federal Reserve (Fed) has negated their attempts to weaken their currencies and thus boost export-driven growth. This is heightening concern that ultra-loose monetary policies have passed the point where they can revive growth and inflation.
Impacts
Despite the recent improvement due to the oil price rebound since mid-February, sentiment towards EM currencies will remain fragile.
The still strong demand for 'safe-haven' assets, such as German government bonds and gold, implies investors will remain cautious.
Negative deposit rates will further undermine banks' earnings, amid persistent concerns about capital levels.
Central banks will reach the limits of their capacity to promote growth without fiscal support from governments.