Dynamic frequency relationships between bitcoin, oil, gold and economic policy uncertainty index

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samah Hazgui ◽  
Saber Sebai ◽  
Walid Mensi
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Commodity Price ◽  
Policy Uncertainty ◽  
Low Frequencies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Economic Policy Uncertainty ◽  
Uncertainty Index ◽  
The Us ◽  
Multiple Frequencies

Purpose This paper aims to examine the frequency of co-movements and asymmetric dependencies between bitcoin (BTC), gold, Brent crude oil and the US economic policy uncertainty (EPU) index. Design/methodology/approach The authors use a wavelet approach and a quantile-on-quantile regression (QQR) method. Findings The results show a positive interdependence between BTC and commodity price returns at both medium and low frequencies over the sample period. In contrast, the dependence is negative between BTC and EPU index at both medium and low frequencies. Furthermore, the co-movements between markets are more pronounced during crises. The results show that strategic commodities and EPU index have the ability to predict BTC price returns at both medium- and long-terms. The QQR method reveals that higher gold returns tend to predict higher/lower BTC returns when the market is in a bullish/bearish state. Moreover, lower gold returns tend to predict lower (higher) BTC returns when the market is in a bearish (bullish) state (positive (negative) relationship). The lower Brent returns tend to predict higher/lower BTC returns when the market is in a bullish/bearish state. High Brent quantiles tend to predict the lower BTC returns in its extremely bearish states. Finally, higher and lower EPU changes tend to predict lower and higher BTC returns when the market is in a bearish/bullish state (negative relationship). Originality/value There is generally a lack of understanding of the linkages between BTC, gold, oil and uncertainty index across multiple frequencies. This is, as far as the authors know, the first attempt to apply both the wavelet approach and a QQR method to examine the multiscale linkages among markets under study. The findings should encourage the relevant policymakers to consider these co-movements which vary over time and in duration when setting up regulations that deem to enhance the market efficiency.

scholarly journals OFFICIAL DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE TO THE WEST AFRICAN SUBREGION: DO THE WAR AND ECONOMIC POLICY UNCERTAINTIES IN THE US AND CHINA MATTER?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ebere Ume Kalu ◽  
Chinwe Regina Okoyeuzu ◽  
Okoro Okoro E.U ◽  
Nnenna Nwonye ◽  
Chika A. Anisiuba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Development Assistance ◽  
Official Development Assistance ◽  
West African ◽  
Policy Uncertainty ◽  
The West ◽  
Economic Policy Uncertainty ◽  
Uncertainty Index ◽  
The Us

<p>US Economic Policy Uncertainty Index (EPUS); (Baker, Bloom and Davis, 2019) China Economic Policy Uncertainty Index (EPUCH) (David, Liou and Sheng, 2019); Official Development Assistance (ODA) from Bloomberg. <br></p>

scholarly journals OFFICIAL DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE TO THE WEST AFRICAN SUBREGION: DO THE WAR AND ECONOMIC POLICY UNCERTAINTIES IN THE US AND CHINA MATTER?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ebere Ume Kalu ◽  
Chinwe Regina Okoyeuzu ◽  
Okoro Okoro E.U ◽  
Nnenna Nwonye ◽  
Chika A. Anisiuba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Development Assistance ◽  
Official Development Assistance ◽  
West African ◽  
Policy Uncertainty ◽  
The West ◽  
Economic Policy Uncertainty ◽  
Uncertainty Index ◽  
The Us

<p>US Economic Policy Uncertainty Index (EPUS); (Baker, Bloom and Davis, 2019) China Economic Policy Uncertainty Index (EPUCH) (David, Liou and Sheng, 2019); Official Development Assistance (ODA) from Bloomberg. <br></p>

scholarly journals “Ubiquitous uncertainties”: spillovers across economic policy uncertainty and cryptocurrency uncertainty indices

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matteo Foglia ◽  
Peng-Fei Dai
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Policy Uncertainty ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Total Uncertainty ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Economic Policy Uncertainty ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Uncertainty Index ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
Uncertainty Indices

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to extend the literature on the spillovers across economic policy uncertainty (EPU) and cryptocurrency uncertainty indices.Design/methodology/approachThis paper uses cross-country economic policy uncertainty indices and the novel data measuring the cryptocurrency price uncertainties over the period 2013–2021 to construct a sample of 946 observations and applies the time-varying parameter vector autoregression (TVP-VAR) model to do an empirical study.FindingsThe findings suggest that there are cross-country spillovers of economic policy uncertainty. In addition, the total uncertainty spillover between economic policies and cryptocurrency peaked in 2015 before gradually decreasing in the following periods. Concomitantly, the cryptocurrency uncertainty has acted as the “receiver.” More importantly, the authors found the predictive power of economic policy uncertainty to predict the cryptocurrency uncertainty index. This paper’s results hold robust when using alternative measurement of cryptocurrency policy uncertainty.Originality/valueThis study is the first research that deeply investigates the association between two uncertainty indicators, namely economic policy uncertainty and the cryptocurrency uncertainty index. We provide fresh evidence about the dynamic connectedness between country-level economic policy uncertainty and the cryptocurrency index. Our work contributes a new channel driving the variants of uncertainties in the cryptocurrency market.

US economic policy uncertainty spillover on the stock markets of the GCC countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khandokar Istiak ◽  
Md Rafayet Alam
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Stock Market ◽  
Stock Markets ◽  
Risk Sharing ◽  
Financial System ◽  
Policy Uncertainty ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Economic Policy Uncertainty ◽  
Gcc Countries ◽  
The Us

PurposeThis study aims to investigate the nature and degree of US economic policy uncertainty spillover on the stock markets of a group of non-conventional economies like the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries, where a risk-sharing-based financial system is prominent and foreign investment, risk-free interest, derivatives, etc. are not as widespread as in the western economies.Design/methodology/approachthe monthly data of 1992–2018, linear and nonlinear structural vector autoregression (VAR) model, and an impulse response-based test to explore the nature and degree of US economic policy uncertainty spillover on the stock markets of the GCC countries.FindingsThis study finds that an unexpected increase in the US economic policy uncertainty significantly decreases the stock market index of all the GCC countries. This study also gets this relationship symmetric, meaning that the GCC stock market indices decrease and increase by the same amount when the US economic policy uncertainty increases and decreases, respectively.Originality/valueThis study investigates the characteristics of economic policy uncertainty spillover from the biggest economy of the world to the stock markets of the GCC region, which is new to the literature. The study results provide the first evidence that a risk-sharing based financial system does not necessarily protect the stock market from US uncertainty shock. However, the abundance of local investors, risk-sharing investment activities, the absence of derivatives, etc. may be responsible for the symmetric behavior of a stock market.

Policy uncertainty and dynamics of international trade

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rexford Abaidoo
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
International Trade ◽  
Chinese Economy ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Policy Uncertainty ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Demand Forecast ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Economic Policy Uncertainty ◽  
The Us

PurposeThis study aims to empirically examine how economic policy uncertainty emanating from three major global economic blocks (the US, the Chinese and the European Union) and volatility in global oil prices influence international trade.Design/methodology/approachThe study uses quarterly data spanning the period between 1995 and 2014 in an autoregressive distributed lag framework.FindingsThis study finds that economic policy uncertainty conditions associated with the US and the Chinese economies tend to have significant negative or constraining impact on key components of international trade. Further analysis suggests that between the two leading economies (the US and the Chinese economies), economic policy uncertainty emanating from the US economy tend to have much more constraining impact on dynamics of international trade than the Chinese economy all things being equal.Practical implicationsThis study’s findings carry significant strategic planning and policy implications for international trade dependent firms or corporations and economies. For instance, for multi-national corporations or firms whose products and services depend heavily on cross-border trade, understanding and taking into consideration prevailing economic policy dynamics emanating from the US and the Chinese economies in product and services demand forecast, and other strategic moves could be critical in minimizing potential adverse effects on projected performance or growth targets.Originality/valueThe uniqueness of this study’s approach stems from its assessment of how perception of uncertainty among economic agents about economic policies originating from three noted global economic blocks impacts international trade. In other words, instead of traditional factors or conditions surmised to influence variability in trend associated with international trade found in related studies, this study rather examines how perceptions of uncertainty about prevailing or yet to be enacted economic policy within specific global economic block impacts international trade.

Momentum strategies in times of economic policy uncertainty

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Paule-Vianez ◽  
Júlio Lobão ◽  
Raúl Gómez-Martínez ◽  
Camilo Prado-Román
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Policy Uncertainty ◽  
Momentum Effect ◽  
Economic Cycle ◽  
Momentum Strategies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Economic Policy Uncertainty ◽  
Point Increase ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Impact

Purpose This paper aims to evaluate the influence of economic policy uncertainty (EPU) on the momentum effect, analysing its influence depending on the economic cycle and in different quantiles. Design/methodology/approach To determine the influence of EPU in the momentum effect taking into account the economic cycle and the level of the quantile, linear regression and quantile regression have been applied for the period from 2 January 1985 to 30 April 2019 for the US stock market. Findings It is shown that an increased feeling of insecurity associated with EPU reduces the momentum effect, especially in times of recession. Distinguishing by quantiles, an asymmetry in the impact of EPU in the momentum effect is discovered, finding that EPU reduces (increases) the profits of momentum strategies in the lowest (highest) quantiles. In the highest quantiles, an investor can obtain higher extraordinary returns with this strategy. For example, in the highest quantile, a one-point increase in the EPU levels would have increased the daily profitability by 12.7 basis points. These findings have important implications for investors and policymakers. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first paper that evaluates the influence of EPU on the momentum effect by conducting an analysis based on the economic cycle and different quantiles, demonstrating how these factors are relevant in the influence of this uncertainty in the momentum anomaly.

Momentum return volatility, uncertainty, and energy prices: evidence from major international equity markets

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 411-433
Author(s):  
Spyros Spyrou
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Decomposition Analysis ◽  
Panel Var ◽  
Policy Uncertainty ◽  
Energy Prices ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Economic Policy Uncertainty ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Impact

PurposeThis paper examines the impact of macroeconomic and risk factors on the profitability and volatility of professional momentum portfolios for the US, the UK, Japan and Germany, for the period 1998–2018. Many of the factors employed, such as energy price changes and economic policy uncertainty, have been largely neglected in the relevant literature.Design/methodology/approachRegression analysis, VECTOR AUTOREGRESSION (VAR), Panel-VAR, Variance Decomposition AnalysisFindingsThe results indicate that, since the financial crises in the US and the EU, energy prices and economic-policy uncertainty have become important return determinants, along with market-related uncertainty that seems to have a stable impact over time, especially for the U.S. and U.K. portfolios.Research limitations/implicationsEconomic policy uncertainty significantly affects contemporaneous momentum returns in the US, UK and Japan, mainly between 2007 and 2018, while market-related uncertainty affects all markets during all subperiods. In addition, the variance of market-related uncertainty (VIX) explains a large percentage of the variance in the momentum returns for the US, UK and Germany.Practical implicationsThe main implication of the findings for portfolio managers is that a manager may increase (decrease) exposure to the momentum factor during optimistic (pessimistic) periods and during periods of rising energy prices (high economic policy and market-related uncertainty).Originality/valueThe paper examines the impact of factors, such as energy prices and economic policy uncertainty, which have been largely neglected in the relevant literature on the possible drivers of the momentum strategies. It employs professional portfolios that are often used in practice as benchmark indexes.

Geopolitical risk, economic growth, economic uncertainty and international inbound tourism: an Indian Illustration

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudeshna Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Policy ◽  
Trade Openness ◽  
Policy Uncertainty ◽  
Tourism Demand ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Economic Policy Uncertainty ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Geopolitical Risks

Purpose This paper aims to consider the role of geopolitical risk in explaining tourism demand in India, a major tourist destination of the Asian region. Furthermore, the study also considers how in addition to geopolitical risk, economic policy uncertainty, economic growth, exchange rate, inflation and trade openness impact tourism demand. Design/methodology/approach The Bayer and Hanck (2013) method of cointegration is applied to explore the relationship between geopolitical risk and tourism demand. Furthermore, the study has also used the auto distributed lag model to determine whether there is a long-run cointegrating association between tourism demand, geopolitical risk, economic policy uncertainty, economic growth, exchange rate and trade openness. Finally, the vector error correction model confirms the direction of causality across the set of the major variables. Findings This paper finds that geopolitical risk adversely impacts inbound international travel to India. This study also obtains the consistency of the results across different estimation techniques controlling for important macro variables. The Granger causality test confirms the unidirectional causality from geopolitical risk to tourism and further from economic uncertainty to tourism. The findings from the study confirm that geopolitical risks have long-term repercussions on the tourism sector in India. The results indicate that there is an urgent need to develop a pre-crisis management plan to protect the aura of Indian tourism. The tourism business houses should develop skilful marketing strategies in the post-crisis to boost the confidence of the tourists. Research limitations/implications This paper provides valuable practical implications to tourism business houses. The tourism business houses can explore geopolitical risk measure and economic policy uncertainty measure to analyse the demand for international tourism in India. Further, the major stakeholders can establish platforms to help tourists to overcome the fear associated with geopolitical risk. Originality/value This study is the first of its kind to explore the geopolitical risks and their long-run consequences in the context of tourism in India. The study puts emphasis on the role of national policy to maintain peace otherwise it would be detrimental to tourism.

Economic policy uncertainty and stock prices in BRIC countries: evidence from asymmetric frequency domain causality approach

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mucahit Aydin ◽  
Ugur Korkut Pata ◽  
Veysel Inal
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Frequency Domain ◽  
Stock Prices ◽  
Policy Uncertainty ◽  
Causality Test ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Economic Policy Uncertainty ◽  
Bric Countries ◽  
Causality Tests ◽  
Asymmetric Causality

Purpose The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between economic policy uncertainty (EPU) and stock prices during the period from March 2003 to March 2021. Design/methodology/approach The study uses asymmetric and symmetric frequency domain causality tests and focuses on BRIC countries, namely, Brazil, Russia, India and China. Findings The findings of the symmetric causality test confirm unidirectional permanent causality from EPU to stock prices for Brazil and India and bidirectional causality for China. However, according to the asymmetric causality test, the findings for China show that there is no causality between the variables. The results for Brazil and India indicate that there is unidirectional permanent causality from positive components of EPU to positive components of stock prices. Moreover, for Brazil, there is unidirectional temporary causality from the negative components of EPU to the negative components of stock prices. For India, there is temporary causality in the opposite direction. Originality/value The reactions of financial markets to positive and negative shocks differ. In this context, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first attempt to examine the causal relationships between stock prices and uncertainty using an asymmetric frequency domain approach. Thus, the study enables the analysis of the effects of positive and negative shocks in the stock market separately.

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