scholarly journals Safety and risk analysis at railway crossings of north-south Addis Ababa light rail

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jackson Sekasi ◽  
Habeeb Solihu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Analysis ◽  
Human Factors ◽  
Visual Inspection ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Light Rail ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Risk Ranking ◽  
Safety Risks ◽  
Railway Crossing

Purpose Railway-level crossings (RLCs) are the point of intersection between rail and road users and are therefore hotpots of road-rail user conflict and catastrophic collisions. The purpose of this study is to assess the risks associated with RLCs and suggest probable reduction measures. Through questionnaires and visual inspection, the authors identify the safety risks, hazards and hazardous events at some railway crossing of Addis Ababa light rail transit (AA-LRT) north-south (N-S) route. The identified risky events are then categorized based on As Low As Reasonably Practicable (ALARP) principle and generic risk ranking matrix. The authors then examine existing safety management measures at railway crossing and assess the need for additional safety management. Five major crossings on the 16.9 km (10.5 mi) N-S line, starting from Menelik II Square to Kality, were considered for the study. This study is carried out by data collection from about 145 stakeholders and the application of statistical data and risk analysis methods. The major findings of this study and the recommendations for improvement are suggested. Design/methodology/approach The research followed a case study approach. Through questionnaires and visual inspection, the authors identify the safety risks, hazards and hazardous events at some railway crossing of AA-LRT N-S route. The identified risky events are then categorized based on ALARP principle and generic risk ranking matrix. Collected data was then analyzed using SPSS to deduce relationships. Findings The study findings reveal human factors as the greatest cause of accidents, injury or death. About 22% of hazards identified by category are human factors, whereas 20% are because of technical problems. Intolerable risks stand at 42%, whereas the tolerable risks are at 36% according to risk classification results as per the ALARP model. Because the process of risk management is a long-term cycle, its importance should not be missed at any time. Research limitations/implications Because of design considerations of RLCs and the difference in generalized human behaviors for people of a given region, the results are limited to AA-LRT RLCs. This study opens a discourse for detailed evaluations, qualitative and quantitative analysis into the categorized identified hazards. There is also room for additional research into the performance of RLCs aimed at formulating standard necessary features that should be included on RLCs for proper risk control especially in emerging economies. Originality/value The research paper is original and has not been submitted for consideration to other journals.

Risk analysis for clean and sustainable production in a urea fertilizer industry

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (7) ◽  
pp. 1459-1476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dilbagh Panchal ◽  
Sachin Kumar Mangla ◽  
Mohit Tyagi ◽  
Mangey Ram
Keyword(s):  
Risk Analysis ◽  
Maintenance Policy ◽  
Efficient Manner ◽  
System Availability ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Urea Fertilizer ◽  
Fertilizer Industry ◽  
Risk Ranking ◽  
Fuzzy Fmea ◽  
Effective Decision Making

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop a fuzzy methodology approaches based framework for carrying the risk analysis of a real industrial system of a urea fertilizer industry located in northern part of India. Design/methodology/approach Petri Net approach was applied for representing the series-parallel arrangement of the considered system. Various failure causes related to different subsystems or equipment of the considered system were listed under FMEA approach and their Risk Priority Number was tabulated. Further, to overcome the drawbacks of traditional FMEA approach in risk ranking fuzzy FMEA and grey relation analysis (GRA) approaches were applied within traditional FMEA approach and the ranking results were compared for better and effective decision making of risky components. Findings The proposed framework has overcome the drawbacks of tradition FMEA approach in an effective and efficient manner. Causes AC7, CL3, ST2, DR3 and NR3 of centrifugal compressor, hot heat exchanger, ammonia convertor reactor, cold condenser and ammonia separator have been identified as the most critical failure causes of the considered system. Originality/value The proposed framework has been tested with its application on an ammonia synthesis system of the considered process industry. The risk ranking results would be highly useful in developing a planned maintenance policy for the considered system which further results in improving the system availability.

Systematic review on the identification of safety risks in off-site manufacturing (OSM)

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadith Chinthaka Vithanage ◽  
Michael Sing ◽  
Peter Davis ◽  
Manikam Pillay
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Safety Research ◽  
Safety Risks ◽  
Management Concepts ◽  
Full Picture ◽  
Future Research Directions

Purpose Off-site manufacturing (OSM) has emerged as a method of modern construction that provides several benefits including achieving lower costs, a quicker schedule and environmentally friendly solutions. Although numerous researches are available that advocate the adoption of OSM, the devotion towards OSM safety is somewhat limited. However, OSM invariably generates safety risks, including dynamics and uncertainty in safety management. There is a unique call to have an investigation on the identification of OSM safety risks. Design/methodology/approach To provide a full picture on the OSM safety, a systematic literature review was adopted based on interpretivist philosophical stance. The literature search was conducted in key electronic databases to identify OSM safety-focused publications. Bibliometric analysis was adopted to identify co-occurrences of keywords and collaboration among authors in OSM safety-related research publications. Content analysis was conducted to provide a taxonomy of OSM safety risks. The identified studies were critically analysed to determine the focus of OSM safety research and provide future research directions. Findings The results demonstrated frequently appeared OSM safety aspects while highlighting the limitedness of collaborative research outputs in common authorships. Content analysis subsequently unveiled safety risks in OSM under human, organisational and work environmental factors. A critical analysis of extant literature revealed seven research classifications of OSM safety. Directions were offered to enhance OSM safety by applying principles of targeted safety management concepts, technology-driven safety measures and bespoke training programs. Originality/value This study provides a comprehensive review on the identification of safety risks throughout OSM while presenting the avenues useful for the development of OSM safety management strategies.

Properties and Safety Management about LNG Carrier

2011 ◽  
Vol 99-100 ◽  
pp. 934-938
Author(s):  
Zhan Li Jiao ◽  
Chun Xia Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Management System ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Maritime Transportation ◽  
Environment Factors ◽  
Healthy Development ◽  
Safety Risks ◽  
Environment Control ◽  
The Impact

Due to the special chemical and physical properties of the LNG, there are some safety risks in LNG transportation. Maritime transportation is the key link of LNG transportation, the safety of which even more directly has impact on the healthy development of LNG transportation. In accordance with the safety management system of “human – machine – environment - control”, the hidden risks linked to the safety management of LNG ship are analyzed in different aspects such as cargo property, ship factors, environment factors, human factors and management factors respectively; Combined the home and abroad rules about LNG, the impact and requirement to safety management to LNG are discussed, too. Then, polices and methods are given responding to the above noticed factors.

Identifying critical factors influencing the safety of Chinese subway construction projects

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shang Zhang ◽  
Riza Yosia Sunindijo ◽  
Martin Loosemore ◽  
Shejiang Wang ◽  
Yajun Gu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Hazard Identification ◽  
Critical Factors ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Safety Risks ◽  
Subway Construction ◽  
Accident Rates

PurposeThe image of the construction industry in China, as in many other countries, is tarnished by its poor safety record. With the rapid development of subway systems in Chinese urban areas, construction workers are being exposed to new risks which are poorly understood and managed. Subway construction projects are large scale and scattered over many construction sites, and involve numerous stakeholders and sophisticated technologies in challenging underground environments. Accident rates are high and have significant economic and social consequences for the firms and people involved. Addressing the gap in research about the safety risk in these projects, the purpose of this paper is to advance understanding of the factors influencing the safety of Chinese subway construction projects with the overall objective of reducing accident rates.Design/methodology/approachA survey was conducted with 399 subway construction professionals across five stakeholder groups. Follow-up interviews were also conducted with five experienced experts in safety management on subway projects to validate the results.FindingsIt was found that the eight most critical factors perceived by stakeholders to influence safety risks on Chinese subway projects are: project management team; contractor-related factors; site underground environment; safety protection during the use of machines; safety management investment; site construction monitoring and measurement; hazard identification and communication; and use of machines in all stages. This indicates that in allocating limited project resources to improve the safety of subway projects, managers should focus on: developing safety knowledge and positive attitudes in leadership teams; formulating effective risk management systems to identify, assess, mitigate, measure and monitor safety risks on site; improving communications with stakeholders about these risks and effectively managing plant, equipment and machinery.Originality/valueThis research contributes a new multi-stakeholder perspective to the lack of safety research in Chinese subway construction projects. The research findings provide important new insights for policymakers and managers in improving safety outcomes on these major projects, producing potentially significant social and economic benefits for society and the construction industry.

An industry perspective

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanne Taylor ◽  
Jean Pierre Garat ◽  
Samer Simreen ◽  
Ghida Sarieddine
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Safety Culture ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Regulatory Compliance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Roles And Responsibilities ◽  
Management Standards ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Food Safety Culture

Purpose – This paper aims to outline the food safety roles and responsibilities within the industry that play an important role in the success of government initiatives, demonstrated using a new model of Food Safety Culture Excellence. It is the sixth article in a Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes theme issue presenting a comprehensive government strategy for improving food safety management standards across the hospitality industry. Design/methodology/approach – A case study is used to demonstrate the impact of auditing the 16 dimensions of Food Safety Culture Excellence in practice. The business selected was the first in Abu Dhabi to achieve regulatory compliance for HACCP-based food safety management, and the first to conduct a Food Safety Culture Excellence audit in the United Arab Emirates. Findings – This article demonstrates how the concept of food safety culture works in practice, using the Food Safety Culture Excellence Model with four categories and 16 dimensions. It demonstrates how the auditing of culture within a business can highlight strengths and weaknesses and facilitate continual improvement. Originality/value – The article represents the first published model of Food Safety Culture Excellence, an extensively researched and tested model developed by Taylor Shannon International Ltd. and launched in conjunction with Campden BRI in 2014. It also demonstrates the first audit of the model in practice.

Out-of-the-Box Medical Device Safety

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-85
Author(s):  
Shannon Clark ◽  
Divya Natesan ◽  
Morgan Walker ◽  
Denise Forkey
Keyword(s):  
Risk Analysis ◽  
Medical Device ◽  
Usability Study ◽  
Device Design ◽  
Medical Device Design ◽  
Safety Risks ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
Medical Device Safety

Out-of-the-box experience is an important consideration in medical device design that not only impacts the user’s impression of the product, but can also have critical safety implications. This article discusses the basic safety questions to contemplate in a use-related risk analysis pertaining to the out-of-the-box experience, and focuses on how the most critical safety risks can be reduced or eliminated by conducting a usability study related to the out-of-the-box experience.

Scenario based evaluation of a cost risk model through sensitivity analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 403-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Önder Ökmen ◽  
Ahmet Öztaş
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Analysis ◽  
Risk Model ◽  
Practical Method ◽  
Cost Evaluation ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Detailed Evaluation ◽  
Cost Risk

Purpose – Actual costs frequently deviate from the estimated costs in either favorable or adverse direction in construction projects. Conventional cost evaluation methods do not take the uncertainty and correlation effects into account. In this regard, a simulation-based cost risk analysis model, the Correlated Cost Risk Analysis Model, previously has been proposed to evaluate the uncertainty effect on construction costs in case of correlated costs and correlated risk-factors. The purpose of this paper is to introduce the detailed evaluation of the Cost Risk Analysis Model through scenario and sensitivity analyses. Design/methodology/approach – The evaluation process consists of three scenarios with three sensitivity analyses in each and 28 simulations in total. During applications, the model’s important parameter called the mean proportion coefficient is modified and the user-dependent variables like the risk-factor influence degrees are changed to observe the response of the model to these modifications and to examine the indirect, two-sided and qualitative correlation capturing algorithm of the model. Monte Carlo Simulation is also applied on the same data to compare the results. Findings – The findings have shown that the Correlated Cost Risk Analysis Model is capable of capturing the correlation between the costs and between the risk-factors, and operates in accordance with the theoretical expectancies. Originality/value – Correlated Cost Risk Analysis Model can be preferred as a reliable and practical method by the professionals of the construction sector thanks to its detailed evaluation introduced in this paper.

Beyond new roads and bridges

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-190
Author(s):  
Lenahan O’Connell ◽  
Juita-Elena (Wie) Yusuf ◽  
Khairul Azfi Anuar
Keyword(s):  
Factor Model ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Mass Transit ◽  
Light Rail ◽  
Urban Context ◽  
Public Preferences ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Hampton Roads ◽  
Infrastructure Investments ◽  
Three Factor

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to compare public preferences for investment and spending on non-automobile infrastructures (mass transit and bicycling) to preferences for new roads and the repair of current highways. The study explores the factors that explain preferences for non-automobile infrastructure using a three-factor model including self-interest (personal transportation benefits), concern for community-wide benefits (political beliefs), and concern for the economic impact. The study uses a case study of the urban context of the Hampton Roads region of Southeastern Virginia (USA). Design/methodology/approach The analysis uses data from a 2013 telephone survey of urban residents in the Hampton Roads area. Survey respondents were asked to identify their two investment priorities from four options: repairing existing roads, bridges, and tunnels; constructing new or expanding roads, bridges, and tunnels; expanding mass transit; and expanding bicycle routes and improving bike safety. Findings Repairing existing highway infrastructure is the most popular spending priority (66 percent of residents). There is as much support (46 percent) for investing in non-automobile infrastructure as for investing in new roads, bridges, and tunnels. Significant predictors of support for non-automobile infrastructure, using the three-factor model, are: length of commute time, self-identification as liberal, use of light rail, and a belief that light rail contributes to economic development. Originality/value The study examines public preferences for both non-traditional and traditional transportation infrastructure investments. It highlights the factors that contribute to public support for different transportation spending options.

A Common Approach to Risk Analysis Methodology

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Robert Sims
Keyword(s):  
Resource Allocation ◽  
Risk Analysis ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Analysis Methodology ◽  
Risk Ranking ◽  
Homeland Defense ◽  
Narrow Area ◽  
Allocation Decisions ◽  
Resource Allocation Decisions

Risk analysis has been used extensively to inform decisions throughout government and industry for many years. Many methodologies have been developed to perform these analyses, resulting in differences in terminology and approach that make it difficult to compare the results of an analysis in one field to that in another. In particular, many approaches result only in a risk ranking within a narrow area or field of interest, so the results cannot be compared to rankings in other areas or fields. However, dealing with terrorist threats requires prioritizing the allocation of homeland defense resources across a broad spectrum of possible targets. Therefore, a common approach is needed to allow comparison of risks. This presentation summarizes an approach that will allow the results of risk analyses based on using current methodologies to be expressed in a common format with common terminology to facilitate resource allocation decisions.

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