Minimizing the cost of designing fault-tolerant CDN data centers

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Vignesh ◽  
Rakesh Tripathi ◽  
Venkatesh Tamarapalli
Keyword(s):  
Data Centers ◽  
Fault Tolerant ◽  
The Cost

Cost Efficient Design of Fault Tolerant Geo-Distributed Data Centers

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rakesh Tripathi ◽  
S. Vignesh ◽  
Venkatesh Tamarapalli ◽  
Deep Medhi
Keyword(s):  
Data Centers ◽  
Fault Tolerant ◽  
Distributed Data ◽  
Efficient Design ◽  
Cost Efficient

Location and Provisioning Problems in Cloud Computing Networks

2013 ◽  
pp. 22-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Larumbe ◽  
Brunilde Sansò
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Virtual Machine ◽  
Data Centers ◽  
Optimization Problems ◽  
Virtual Machine Placement ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Network Efficiency ◽  
Placement Problem ◽  
The Cost

This chapter addresses a set of optimization problems that arise in cloud computing regarding the location and resource allocation of the cloud computing entities: the data centers, servers, software components, and virtual machines. The first problem is the location of new data centers and the selection of current ones since those decisions have a major impact on the network efficiency, energy consumption, Capital Expenditures (CAPEX), Operational Expenditures (OPEX), and pollution. The chapter also addresses the Virtual Machine Placement Problem: which server should host which virtual machine. The number of servers used, the cost, and energy consumption depend strongly on those decisions. Network traffic between VMs and users, and between VMs themselves, is also an important factor in the Virtual Machine Placement Problem. The third problem presented in this chapter is the dynamic provisioning of VMs to clusters, or auto scaling, to minimize the cost and energy consumption while satisfying the Service Level Agreements (SLAs). This important feature of cloud computing requires predictive models that precisely anticipate workload dimensions. For each problem, the authors describe and analyze models that have been proposed in the literature and in the industry, explain advantages and disadvantages, and present challenging future research directions.

An Intelligent Power Load Control/Switching System Using an Energy Meter and Relay Circuit

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Osita Ofoegbu ◽  
Emmanuel Udoh
Keyword(s):  
Data Centers ◽  
Load Control ◽  
Automation System ◽  
Cloud Data ◽  
Energy Meter ◽  
Power Load ◽  
Building Automation System ◽  
Consumption Rates ◽  
Cloud Data Centers ◽  
The Cost

Energy conservation and its efficient utilization especially in cloud data centers has been a subject of discourse amongst numerous stakeholders. Advancement in information technology tools provides a solution to automating the process of electricity metering as well as remote load control alternatives. This paper presents an energy meter reader implemented with a microcontroller based logic methodology fused with a building automation system to implement remote load control by home owners using SMS from a GSM phone. A password based relay circuit was incorporated to ensure secure switching by the user. The system when deployed can enable users query and set energy consumption rates remotely so as to reduce the cost on final consumers as well as conserve energy. This is could be a useful system in the green-based design of cloud data centers.

Introducing Energy Efficiency Metrics for Server and Data Centers

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdlmonem H. Beitelmal ◽  
Drazen Fabris
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Data Center ◽  
Data Centers ◽  
Cooling Efficiency ◽  
Idle Power ◽  
Relevant Variables ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Evaluation Of Data

New servers and data center metrics are introduced to facilitate proper evaluation of data centers power and cooling efficiency. These metrics will be used to help reduce the cost of operation and to provision data centers cooling resources. The most relevant variables for these metrics are identified and they are: the total facility power, the servers’ idle power, the average servers’ utilization, the cooling resources power and the total IT equipment power. These metrics can be used to characterize and classify servers and data centers performance and energy efficiency regardless of their size and location.

Real-Time Expert System for Fault-Tolerant Supervisory Control

1993 ◽  
Vol 115 (2A) ◽  
pp. 219-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Ramamurthi ◽  
A. M. Agogino
Keyword(s):  
Expert System ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Supervisory Control ◽  
Fault Tolerant ◽  
Adaptive Controller ◽  
Influence Diagram ◽  
Supervisory Controller ◽  
System Integrity ◽  
The Cost

Many mechanical systems are sufficiently complex that it is impractical to describe their dynamics by exact mathematical models. In the presence of such modeling uncertainties, advanced controllers like adaptive controllers perform better than linear feedback controllers since they actively reduce the uncertainty by online parameter estimation. Unfortunately, the advanced control strategies, due to their lack of robustness, can become unstable in the presence of unpredictable external disturbances, and hence, there exists a need for a fault-tolerant approach to preserve the overall system integrity even at the cost of design performance. This motivated the research, presented in this paper, to investigate the suitability of the IDES (Influence Diagram Based Expert System) as an expert supervisory controller to predict incipient instability, a significant failure mode, and take corrective action in real-time when closed loop stability appears to be in danger. The expert supervisory control scheme is demonstrated on a model-referenced adaptive controller as applied to a robotic manipulator. The real-time expert system, with the information from sensors, dynamically optimizes the cost of control and as a result chooses between a robust auxiliary controller and the nonrobust adaptive controller depending on inferences made from the observable variables. IDES, as a real-time expert supervisory controller, preserves the stability of the system even under potentially destabilizing unexpected disturbances, exhibiting on demand a fault-tolerant behavior by trading design performance for overall system integrity. The results indicate the potential for influence diagram expert systems in monitoring and controlling mechanical systems where exact mathematical models are difficult or not practical to obtain.

scholarly journals Efficient magic state factories with a catalyzed|CCZ⟩to2|T⟩transformation

Quantum ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig Gidney ◽  
Austin G. Fowler
Keyword(s):  
Fault Tolerant ◽  
Code Distance ◽  
Construction Techniques ◽  
Arbitrary Phase ◽  
Shor's Algorithm ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Toffoli Gates ◽  
Surface Code ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Phase Angles

We present magic state factory constructions for producing|CCZ⟩states and|T⟩states. For the|CCZ⟩factory we apply the surface code lattice surgery construction techniques described in \cite{fowler2018} to the fault-tolerant Toffoli \cite{jones2013, eastin2013distilling}. The resulting factory has a footprint of12d×6d(wheredis the code distance) and produces one|CCZ⟩every5.5dsurface code cycles. Our|T⟩state factory uses the|CCZ⟩factory's output and a catalyst|T⟩state to exactly transform one|CCZ⟩state into two|T⟩states. It has a footprint25%smaller than the factory in \cite{fowler2018} but outputs|T⟩states twice as quickly. We show how to generalize the catalyzed transformation to arbitrary phase angles, and note that the caseθ=22.5∘produces a particularly efficient circuit for producing|T⟩states. Compared to using the12d×8d×6.5d|T⟩factory of \cite{fowler2018}, our|CCZ⟩factory can quintuple the speed of algorithms that are dominated by the cost of applying Toffoli gates, including Shor's algorithm \cite{shor1994} and the chemistry algorithm of Babbush et al. \cite{babbush2018}. Assuming a physical gate error rate of10−3, our CCZ factory can produce∼1010states on average before an error occurs. This is sufficient for classically intractable instantiations of the chemistry algorithm, but for more demanding algorithms such as Shor's algorithm the mean number of states until failure can be increased to∼1012by increasing the factory footprint∼20%.

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