Dissecting the Image of the Absolute Conic

Author(s):  
Imran Junejo ◽  
Hassan Foroosh
Keyword(s):  



Filomat ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonja Krasic ◽  
Vladan Nikolic

When they are collinear, projective spaces set with five pairs of biuni-vocally associated points are general. In order to map quadrics (II degree surfaces), in these spaces, the absolute conic was used. Geometrical position of all the absolute points in the infinitely distant plane of one space, i.e. an absolute conic of space cannot be graphically represented. To the infinitely distant planes are associated by the vanishing planes, and the absolute conics are associated by the conic in the vanishing planes, that is, figures of the absolute conics. Prior to mapping the quadrics, it is necessary to constructively determine the characteristics parameters such as the vanishing planes, axes and centers of space, and then the figures of the absolute conics, in the vanishing planes of both spaces. In order to constructively determine the figure of the absolute conic in the second space, a sphere in the first space was used, which maps into a rotating ellipsoid in the second space. The center of the sphere is on the axis of the first space, and the infinitely distant plane intersects it along the absolute conic. The associated rotational ellipsoid, whose center is on the axis of the seconds space is intersected by the vanishing plane of the first space along the imaginary circumference aI, whose real representative is circumference az. The circumference aI is the figure of the absolute conic of the first space. General collinear spaces are presented in a pair of Monge's projections.



2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-275
Author(s):  
Sonja Krasic ◽  
Biserka Markovic

For graphic representation of the projective creations, such as the quadrics (II degree surfaces) in projective, general collinear spaces, it is necessary to firstly determine the characteristic parameters, such as: vanishing planes, axes and centers of space. An absolute conic of a space is an imaginary conic, residing in the infinitely distant plane of that space. The common elements of the absolute conic and infinitely distant conic of a quadric in the infinitely distant plane of that space are the autopolar triangle and two double straight lines which are always real and it is necessary to use the common elements of their associated pair of conics in the vanishing plane of the associated space. The quadric axes are passing through the apices of the autopolar triangle, and they are important for graphic representation of the quadrics. In order to map a sphere in the first space into the triaxial ellipsoid in the second space, it is necessary to select a sphere so that its center is not on the axis of that space and that it intersects the vanishing plane of the second space along the imaginary circumference, which is in general position with the figure of the absolute conic of the second space (the associated pair of conics in the vanishing plane).



2008 ◽  
Vol 41 (12) ◽  
pp. 3624-3635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Yves Guillemaut ◽  
John Illingworth


Author(s):  
P. Echlin ◽  
M. McKoon ◽  
E.S. Taylor ◽  
C.E. Thomas ◽  
K.L. Maloney ◽  
...  

Although sections of frozen salt solutions have been used as standards for x-ray microanalysis, such solutions are less useful when analysed in the bulk form. They are poor thermal and electrical conductors and severe phase separation occurs during the cooling process. Following a suggestion by Whitecross et al we have made up a series of salt solutions containing a small amount of graphite to improve the sample conductivity. In addition, we have incorporated a polymer to ensure the formation of microcrystalline ice and a consequent homogenity of salt dispersion within the frozen matrix. The mixtures have been used to standardize the analytical procedures applied to frozen hydrated bulk specimens based on the peak/background analytical method and to measure the absolute concentration of elements in developing roots.



Author(s):  
C. M. Payne ◽  
P. M. Tennican

In the normal peripheral circulation there exists a sub-population of lymphocytes which is ultrastructurally distinct. This lymphocyte is identified under the electron microscope by the presence of cytoplasmic microtubular-like inclusions called parallel tubular arrays (PTA) (Figure 1), and contains Fc-receptors for cytophilic antibody. In this study, lymphocytes containing PTA (PTA-lymphocytes) were quantitated from serial peripheral blood specimens obtained from two patients with Epstein -Barr Virus mononucleosis and two patients with cytomegalovirus mononucleosis. This data was then correlated with the clinical state of the patient.It was determined that both the percentage and absolute number of PTA- lymphocytes was highest during the acute phase of the illness. In follow-up specimens, three of the four patients' absolute lymphocyte count fell to within normal limits before the absolute PTA-lymphocyte count.In one patient who was followed for almost a year, the absolute PTA- lymphocyte count was consistently elevated (Figure 2). The estimation of absolute PTA-lymphocyte counts was determined to be valid after a morphometric analysis of the cellular areas occupied by PTA during the acute and convalescent phases of the disease revealed no statistical differences.



Author(s):  
Stuart McKernan ◽  
C. Barry Carter

The determination of the absolute polarity of a polar material is often crucial to the understanding of the defects which occur in such materials. Several methods exist by which this determination may be performed. In bulk, single-domain specimens, macroscopic techniques may be used, such as the different etching behavior, using the appropriate etchant, of surfaces with opposite polarity. X-ray measurements under conditions where Friedel’s law (which means that the intensity of reflections from planes of opposite polarity are indistinguishable) breaks down can also be used to determine the absolute polarity of bulk, single-domain specimens. On the microscopic scale, and particularly where antiphase boundaries (APBs), which separate regions of opposite polarity exist, electron microscopic techniques must be employed. Two techniques are commonly practised; the first [1], involves the dynamical interaction of hoLz lines which interfere constructively or destructively with the zero order reflection, depending on the crystal polarity. The crystal polarity can therefore be directly deduced from the relative intensity of these interactions.



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