V-Trough Concentrator with Back Surface Cooling for Rooftop Photovoltaic System

This paper presents the effect of the front surface water cooling on performance parameters (solar cell temperature, back surface temperature, outlet water temperature, electrical efficiency, overall efficiency, etc.) of photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) module in both winter and summer seasons in Indian climatic conditions. A mathematical model of PV/T module considering energy balance equations has also been presented. A comparative analysis of performance parameters obtained analytically and experimentally has also been presented. A fair agreement has also been found between analytical and experimental results which is supported by correlation coefficient of approximately unity and root mean square error of 10–14%. By front surface water cooling, solar cell and back surface temperature of PV/T module have been found to decrease considerably which in turn resulted in enhanced electrical and overall efficiency of module in winter and summer seasons.

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Thermal Modeling and Performance Analysis of a Hybrid Photovoltaic/Thermal System Under Combined Surface Water Cooling in Winter Season: An Experimental Approach

Journal of Energy Resources Technology ◽

10.1115/1.4045082 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 142 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Himanshu Sainthiya ◽

Narendra Singh Beniwal

Keyword(s):

Thermal Modeling ◽

Winter Season ◽

Cold Climate ◽

Back Surface ◽

Surface Cooling ◽

Winter Condition ◽

Photovoltaic Thermal System ◽

Overall Efficiency ◽

And Performance ◽

T System

Abstract In this paper, thermal modeling of a hybrid photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) system has been developed under combined (front and back) water surface cooling. An analytical expression has been derived for solar cell temperature (Tcs), back surface temperature (Tbs), and overall efficiency (ηOE) of the hybrid PV/T system for the winter condition. Statistical analysis has been performed in the cold climate of MNIT, Jaipur (India), for determining performance parameters of the hybrid PV/T system. An experimental validation has been carried out for the developed thermal model, and fair agreement between the numerical and experimental observations has been observed. We have also calculated the electrical (ηele), thermal (ηth), and overall efficiency (ηOE) as 18.83%, 43.8%, and 64.56%, respectively, and output power as 57.39 mW in the winter condition. We have also noticed that better performance is given by 1.5 LPM out of the four (1, 1.5, 2, and 2.5 LPM) flow rates.

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Thermal Effect of Nd∶GdYO4 Cube Microchip Laser With Back Surface Cooling

Chinese Journal of Lasers ◽

10.3788/cjl20093607.1772 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 36 (7) ◽

pp. 1772-1776

Author(s):

史彭 Shi Peng ◽

李金平 Li Jinping ◽

陈文 Chen Wen ◽

李隆 Li Long ◽

甘安生 Gan Ansheng

Keyword(s):

Thermal Effect ◽

Microchip Laser ◽

Back Surface ◽

Surface Cooling

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Experimental Study on Solar Photovoltaic System with Compound Parabolic Concentrator

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.610-613.357 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 610-613 ◽

pp. 357-361 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Dang Qiang Yang ◽

Chang Min Yang ◽

Jin She Yuan

Keyword(s):

Polycrystalline Silicon ◽

Photovoltaic System ◽

Silicon Solar Cells ◽

Back Surface ◽

Solar Photovoltaic ◽

Compound Parabolic Concentrator ◽

Surface Field ◽

Potential Possibility ◽

Solar Photovoltaic System ◽

The Cost

The photovoltaic system with compound parabolic concentrator was designed and fabricated based on the performance of polycrystalline-silicon solar cells with back surface field structure. The performance of the system was investigated on site. The experimental results showed that the effective concentration ratio is to be 2.5 and the output power of the system can be increased approximately by 2 times compared to that of the flat plate system. The prototype modules with CPC can provide a potential possibility in power production application, and can reduce the cost of photovoltaic electricity.

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An investigational back surface cooling approach with different designs of heat-absorbing pipe for PV/T system

International Journal of Energy Research ◽

10.1002/er.3977 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 42 (5) ◽

pp. 1921-1933 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Subhadeep Bhattacharjee ◽

Shantanu Acharya ◽

Anil Potar ◽

Anurag Meena ◽

Dhara Singh Bairwa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Back Surface ◽

Surface Cooling ◽

T System

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Back surface cooling of photovoltaic panel - an experimental investigation

2016 IEEE 6th International Conference on Power Systems (ICPS) ◽

10.1109/icpes.2016.7584133 ◽

2016 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Dhritiman Adhya ◽

Subhadeep Bhattacharjee ◽

Shantanu Acharya

Keyword(s):

Experimental Investigation ◽

Back Surface ◽

Surface Cooling ◽

Photovoltaic Panel

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Efficiency Improvement of Photovoltaic Modules via Back Surface Cooling

Energies ◽

10.3390/en14040895 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 895

Author(s):

Piero Bevilacqua ◽

Stefania Perrella ◽

Daniela Cirone ◽

Roberto Bruno ◽

Natale Arcuri

Keyword(s):

Crystalline Silicon ◽

Electrical Energy ◽

Spray Cooling ◽

Back Surface ◽

Surface Cooling ◽

Cooling Systems ◽

Average Percentage ◽

Pv Panel ◽

High Solar Radiation ◽

Silicon Photovoltaics

Crystalline silicon photovoltaics are a cardinal and well-consolidated technology for the achievement of energy efficiency goals, being installed worldwide for the production of clean electrical energy. However, their performance is strongly penalized by the thermal drift, mostly in periods of high solar radiation where solar cells reach considerably high temperatures. To limit this aspect, the employment of cooling systems appears a promising and viable solution. For this purpose, four different cooling systems, working on the photovoltaic (PV) panel back surface, were proposed and investigated in an experimental set-up located at the University of Calabria (Italy). Hourly electrical output power and efficiency were provided accounting for different meteorological conditions in several months of the experimental campaign. The results demonstrated that a simple spray cooling technique can provide an absolute increment of electrical efficiency of up to 1.6% and an average percentage increment of daily energy of up to 8% in hot months. More complex systems, based on ventilation or combining spray cooling and ventilation, were demonstrated not to be a viable option for PV performance improvement.

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Preparation of Backthinned Ceramic Specimens

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100117881 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 43 ◽

pp. 182-183

Author(s):

A. T. Fisher ◽

P. Angelini

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Analytical Electron Microscopy ◽

Vacuum System ◽

Back Surface ◽

Surface Microstructure ◽

Ion Milling ◽

Near Surface ◽

Depth Profiles ◽

Analytical Electron ◽

Ion Implanted

Analytical electron microscopy (AEM) of the near surface microstructure of ion implanted ceramics can provide much information about these materials. Backthinning of specimens results in relatively large thin areas for analysis of precipitates, voids, dislocations, depth profiles of implanted species and other features. One of the most critical stages in the backthinning process is the ion milling procedure. Material sputtered during ion milling can redeposit on the back surface thereby contaminating the specimen with impurities such as Fe, Cr, Ni, Mo, Si, etc. These impurities may originate from the specimen, specimen platform and clamping plates, vacuum system, and other components. The contamination may take the form of discrete particles or continuous films [Fig. 1] and compromises many of the compositional and microstructural analyses. A method is being developed to protect the implanted surface by coating it with NaCl prior to backthinning. Impurities which deposit on the continuous NaCl film during ion milling are removed by immersing the specimen in water and floating the contaminants from the specimen as the salt dissolves.

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