Introduction to the World of Quantum Computers

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sina Jafarpour
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Computers ◽  
The World

The Essence of Quantum Computing

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajendra K. Bera
Keyword(s):  
Hilbert Space ◽  
Quantum Computing ◽  
Quantum Physics ◽  
Quantum Algorithms ◽  
Quantum Computers ◽  
Turing Machines ◽  
Classical Physics ◽  
Core Set ◽  
The World ◽  
Subordinate Role

It now appears that quantum computers are poised to enter the world of computing and establish its dominance, especially, in the cloud. Turing machines (classical computers) tied to the laws of classical physics will not vanish from our lives but begin to play a subordinate role to quantum computers tied to the enigmatic laws of quantum physics that deal with such non-intuitive phenomena as superposition, entanglement, collapse of the wave function, and teleportation, all occurring in Hilbert space. The aim of this 3-part paper is to introduce the readers to a core set of quantum algorithms based on the postulates of quantum mechanics, and reveal the amazing power of quantum computing.

scholarly journals Qubit, Quantum Entanglement and all that: Quantum Computing Made Simple

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Zion Elani
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Mechanics ◽  
Quantum Computing ◽  
Popular Culture ◽  
Quantum Entanglement ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Quantum Computers ◽  
The World ◽  
Media Hype ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Fully Functioning

Quantum computing, a fancy word resting on equally fancy fundamentals in quantum mechanics, has become a media hype, a mainstream topic in popular culture and an eye candy for high-tech company researchers and investors alike. Quantum computing has the power to provide faster, more efficient, secure and accurate computing solutions for emerging future innovations. Governments the world over, in collaboration with high-tech companies, pour in billions of dollars for the advancement of computing solutions quantum-based and for the development of fully functioning quantum computers that may one day aid in or even replace classical computers. Despite much hype and publicity, most people do not understand what quantum computing is, nor do they comprehend the significance of the developments required in this field, and the impact it may have on the future. Through these lecture notes, we embark on a pedagogic journey of understanding quantum computing, gradually revealing the concepts that form its basis, later diving in a vast pool of future possibilities that lie ahead, concluding with understanding and acknowledging some major hindrance and speed breaking bumpers in their path.

scholarly journals An Emphasis on Quantum Cryptography and Quantum Key Distribution

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bharadwaja V. Srividya ◽  
Smitha Sasi
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Cryptography ◽  
Secure Communication ◽  
Quantum Physics ◽  
Quantum Computers ◽  
Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle ◽  
Quantum Bits ◽  
The World ◽  
Heisenberg Uncertainty ◽  
Modern Cryptography ◽  
Public Environment

The application of internet has spiked up in the present-day scenario, as the exchange of information made between two parties happens in public environment. Hence privacy of information plays an important role in our day to day life. There have been incredible developments made in the field of cryptography resulting in modern cryptography at its zenith. Quantum computers are one among them creating fear into security agencies across the world. Solving the complex mathematical calculations is uncomplicated using quantum computers which results in breaking the keys of modern cryptography, which cannot be broken using classical computers. The concept of quantum physics, into the cryptographic world has resulted in the advancement of quantum cryptography. This technique utilizes the idea of key generation by photons, and communicates between peer entities by secured channel. Quantum cryptography adapts quantum mechanical principles like Heisenberg Uncertainty principle and photon polarization principle to provide secure communication between two parties. This article focuses on generation of a secret shared key, later converted into Quantum bits (Qbits) and transmitted to the receiver securely.

scholarly journals What Is Consciousness? -Artificial Intelligence, Real Intelligence, Quantum Mind, and Qualia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart Kauffman ◽  
Andrea Roli
Keyword(s):  
Dynamical Behavior ◽  
Quantum Computers ◽  
Analogue Computer ◽  
Turing Machines ◽  
Heritable Variation ◽  
Classical Physics ◽  
The World ◽  
Natural Hypothesis ◽  
Variation And Selection ◽  
Turing Systems

We approach the question, "What is Consciousness?'' in a new way, not as Descartes' "systematic doubt'', but as how organisms find their way in their world. Finding one's way involves finding possible uses of features of the world that might be beneficial or avoiding those that might be harmful. "Possible uses of X to accomplish Y'' are "Affordances''. The number of uses of X is indefinite, the different uses are unordered and are not deducible from one another. All biological adaptations are either affordances seized by heritable variation and selection or, far faster, by the organism acting in its world finding uses of X to accomplish Y. Based on this, we reach rather astonishing conclusions: 1) Strong AI is not possible. Universal Turing Machines cannot "find'' novel affordances. 2) Brain-mind is not purely classical physics for no classical physics system can be an analogue computer whose dynamical behavior can be isomorphic to "possible uses''. 3) Brain mind must be partly quantum - supported by increasing evidence at 6.0 sigma to 7.3 Sigma. 4) Based on Heisenberg's interpretation of the quantum state as "Potentia'' converted to "Actuals'' by Measurement, a natural hypothesis is that mind actualizes Potentia. This is supported at 5.2 Sigma. Then Mind's actualization of entangled brain-mind-world states are experienced as qualia and allow "seeing'' or "perceiving'' of uses of X to accomplish Y. We can and do jury-rig. Computers cannot. 5) Beyond familiar quantum computers, we consider Trans-Turing-Systems.

scholarly journals Hybrid Solution (ECDHE + New Hope) for PQ Transition

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 3893-3894
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Cryptography ◽  
Quantum Computer ◽  
Quantum Computers ◽  
Hybrid Solution ◽  
The World ◽  
Cryptographic Algorithms ◽  
Post Quantum Cryptography

It is assumed that certain mathematical or computational problems which are used in traditional cryptographic schemes are hard to solve for an attacker using today’s computers. But, lots of companies are trying to build quantum computer and in coming few years commercial quantum computer will be in reality. Security of traditional asymmetric cryptographic algorithms can be broken using quantum computers. So, researchers all over the world are planning for transition to post-quantum cryptography. One solution is to build hybrid solution combining both traditional and post-quantum primitives which will provide traditional cryptographic guarantees as well as quantum resistance [1].The best and feasible hybrid solution can be used in the protocols like SSL/TLS, SSH and PGP.

scholarly journals US-CHINA COMPLEXITY: DEFINING THE POST-COVID-19 PANDEMIC WORLD

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-103
Author(s):  
Iulian Chifu
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
World Order ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
Quantum Computers ◽  
International Regime ◽  
Bilateral Relation ◽  
Global Institutions ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World

The US-China relation becomes the most important part of the international new post-pandemic order related to the evolution of the world order after the Covid-19. We are talking about the most important economies of the world, giving 25% and 23.5% of the world GDP, economies and countries involved in a number of strategic rivalries as well as of harsh competitions, with a lot of newly come instruments that do not benefit of any international regime, rules and norms – cyber, a.i., quantum computers, space, Arctic region etc. In the absence of a dominant power able to impose the respect of a rules based world and to project its power in order to forge the new rules and norms in the field of new technologies, the US needs a real multilateralism and a conjunction of the democratic powers in order to acquire altogether the needed preeminence in order to get those rules and norms approved at the level of global institutions, if it is not for a smooth bilateral relation with China which could agree a number of such provisions and try to negotiate for including its own interest.

scholarly journals Qubit Allocation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos Yukio Siraichi ◽  
Fernando Magno Quintão Pereira ◽  
Vinicius Dos Santos ◽  
Caroline Collange
Keyword(s):  
Research Community ◽  
Allocation Problem ◽  
Quantum Computers ◽  
Free Access ◽  
The World ◽  
Quantum Architecture

The availability of the first prototypes of quantum computers, in 2016, with free access through the cloud, brought much enthusiasm to the research community. Yet, programming said computers is difficult. One core challenge is the so called qubit allocation problem. This problem consists in mapping the virtual qubits that make up a logical quantum program onto the physical qubits that exist in the target quantum architecture. To deal with this challenge, we have proposed one of the first algorithms to solve qubit allocation. This algorithm, together with its ensuing formulations, is today available in the Enfield compilera concrete product of this work. Our first paper in this field, titled Qubit Allocation, has inspired much research, and our latest qubit allocation design, called Bounded Mapping Tree, stands out today as one of the most effective qubit allocators in the world.

scholarly journals On the Efficiency of the Lamport Signature Scheme

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-280
Author(s):  
Daniel Zentai
Keyword(s):  
Digital Signature ◽  
Quantum Computers ◽  
Signature Scheme ◽  
Running Time ◽  
Digital Signature Algorithm ◽  
The World ◽  
Cryptographic Algorithms ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Quantum Resistant Cryptography

AbstractPost-quantum (or quantum-resistant) cryptography refers to a set of cryptographic algorithms that are thought to remain secure even in the world of quantum computers. These algorithms are usually considered to be inefficient because of their big keys, or their running time. However, if quantum computers became a reality, security professionals will not have any other choice, but to use these algorithms. Lamport signature is a hash based one-time digital signature algorithm that is thought to be quantum-resistant. In this paper we will describe some simulation results related to the efficiency of the Lamport signature.

THEORETICAL BASICS OF QUANTUM COMPUTATIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 158 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 7-38
Author(s):  
Tomasz Kuczerski ◽  
Michał Dyszyński
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Information ◽  
Quantum Physics ◽  
Quantum Algorithms ◽  
Quantum Computers ◽  
Basic Information ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
The World ◽  
Quantum Computations

The paper includes basic information over the domain of quantum physics needed to understand basic principles of calculations and operations with the use of quantum computers. Questions of the unit of quantum information – qubit, and the Bloch’s zone are thoroughly explained. The paper is aimed to be an introduction into the world of quantum IT for persons beyond the quantum physics who want to use the quantum algorithms for their scientific researches.

Decoding Reality

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vlatko Vedral
Keyword(s):  
Modern Science ◽  
Science Writing ◽  
Quantum Computers ◽  
The World ◽  
Big Ideas ◽  
Nature Of Information ◽  
Action At A Distance ◽  
Ultimate Question ◽  
Flow Of Information ◽  
The Universe

For a physicist, all the world is information. The Universe and its workings are the ebb and flow of information. We are all transient patterns of information, passing on the recipe for our basic forms to future generations using a four-letter digital code called DNA. In this engaging and mind-stretching account, Vlatko Vedral considers some of the deepest questions about the Universe and considers the implications of interpreting it in terms of information. He explains the nature of information, the idea of entropy, and the roots of this thinking in thermodynamics. He describes the bizarre effects of quantum behaviour -- effects such as 'entanglement', which Einstein called 'spooky action at a distance', and explores cutting edge work on harnessing quantum effects in hyperfast quantum computers, and how recent evidence suggests that the weirdness of the quantum world, once thought limited to the tiniest scales, may reach into the macro world. Vedral finishes by considering the answer to the ultimate question: where did all of the information in the Universe come from? The answers he considers are exhilarating, drawing upon the work of distinguished physicist John Wheeler. The ideas challenge our concept of the nature of particles, of time, of determinism, and of reality itself. This edition includes a new foreword from the author, reflecting on changes in the world of quantum information since first publication. Oxford Landmark Science books are 'must-read' classics of modern science writing which have crystallized big ideas, and shaped the way we think.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document