Application of Neural Networks in the Problem of Indirect Estimation of Blood Pressure According to the Heart Rate Variability Features

AbstractHeart rate variability (HRV) utilizes the electrocardiogram (ECG) and has been widely studied as a non-invasive indicator of cardiac autonomic activity. Pulse rate variability (PRV) utilizes photoplethysmography (PPG) and recently has been used as a surrogate for HRV. Several studies have found that PRV is not entirely valid as an estimation of HRV and that several physiological factors, including the pulse transit time (PTT) and blood pressure (BP) changes, may affect PRV differently than HRV. This study aimed to assess the relationship between PRV and HRV under different BP states: hypotension, normotension, and hypertension. Using the MIMIC III database, 5 min segments of PPG and ECG signals were used to extract PRV and HRV, respectively. Several time-domain, frequency-domain, and nonlinear indices were obtained from these signals. Bland–Altman analysis, correlation analysis, and Friedman rank sum tests were used to compare HRV and PRV in each state, and PRV and HRV indices were compared among BP states using Kruskal–Wallis tests. The findings indicated that there were differences between PRV and HRV, especially in short-term and nonlinear indices, and although PRV and HRV were altered in a similar manner when there was a change in BP, PRV seemed to be more sensitive to these changes.

Download Full-text

Ethnic and sex differences in the longitudinal association between heart rate variability and blood pressure

Blood Pressure ◽

10.1080/08037051.2021.1876517 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

LaBarron K. Hill ◽

Julian F. Thayer ◽

DeWayne P. Williams ◽

James D. Halbert ◽

Guang Hao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Heart Rate ◽

Heart Rate Variability ◽

Sex Differences ◽

Longitudinal Association

Download Full-text

Heart rate variability and blood pressure among Japanese men and women: a community-based cross-sectional study

Hypertension Research ◽

10.1038/hr.2014.73 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 37 (8) ◽

pp. 779-784 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Hiromi Mori ◽

Isao Saito ◽

Eri Eguchi ◽

Koutatsu Maruyama ◽

Tadahiro Kato ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Heart Rate ◽

Heart Rate Variability ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Community Based ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Japanese Men ◽

Men And Women

Download Full-text

Reproducibility of heart rate variability, blood pressure variability and baroreceptor sensitivity during rest and head-up tilt

Blood Pressure Monitoring ◽

10.1097/00126097-200502000-00005 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 19-24 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Michael V. H??jgaard ◽

Niels-Henrik Holstein-Rathlou ◽

Erik Agner ◽

J??rgen K. Kanters

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Heart Rate ◽

Heart Rate Variability ◽

Blood Pressure Variability ◽

Baroreceptor Sensitivity ◽

Head Up Tilt

Download Full-text

Cortisol Levels and Autonomic Control of Heart Rate in Healthy Subjects

Acta Medica Martiniana ◽

10.1515/acm-2017-0006 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 5-14 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Milana Drumond Ramos Santana ◽

Eli Carlos Martiniano ◽

Larissa Raylane Lucas Monteiro ◽

Maria Do Socorro Santos De Oliveira ◽

Vitor E. Valenti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Heart Rate ◽

Heart Rate Variability ◽

Salivary Cortisol ◽

Healthy Subjects ◽

Autonomic Control ◽

Autonomic Modulation ◽

Cardiac Autonomic Modulation ◽

Cortisol Levels ◽

Modulation Methods

AbstractIntroduction: There is an increase in level of stress in the general population because of the social, personal and professional demands. Currently, there are only simple tools that can safely measure this stress such as levels of cortisol and heart rate variability (HRV). Objective: To analyze the relationship between salivary cortisol and the cardiac autonomic modulation. Methods: A total of fifty-one male and female subjects between 18 and 40 years old were evaluated. Saliva collection was achieved for the salivary cortisol dosage. The collection was performed through the SalivetteR tube. After this collection, the median cortisol levels (0.24 ug/dl) were analyzed and the volunteers were divided into two groups: i) cortisol below the mediane ii) cortisol above the median. After this division, each group consisted of 25 volunteers and then was verified the following information: age, gender, weight, height, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure. Shortly thereafter was assessment of cardiac autonomic modulation por meio da HRV. The Polar RS800cx heart rate receiver was placed on the chest of the volunteers, in the vicinity of the distal third of the sternum. The volunteers were instructed to remain in rest with spontaneous breathing in dorsal position for 20 minutes. HRV analysis included geometric, time and frequency domain indices. Results: There were no statistical differences for the two groups regarding systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, RR intervals or linear and frequency indices for the volunteers. In addition, also there was no correlation the cortisol with the analyzed variables (SAP, p=0.460; DAP, p = 0.270; HR, p = 0.360; RR, p = 0.380; SDNN, p = 0.510; rMSSD, p = 0.660; pNN50, p = 0.820; RRtri, p = 0.170; TINN, p = 0.470; SD1, p = 0.650; SD2, p = 0.500; LF [ms2], p = 0.880; LF [nu], p = 0.970; HF [ms2], p = 0.870; HF [nu], p = 0.960; LF/HF, p = 0.380 Conclusion: Heart rate variability autonomic control was unchanged in healthy subjects with physiological distribution of salivary cortisol levels. There was no association between normal salivary cortisol and resting autonomic regulation of heart rate.

Download Full-text

Comparative study on effect of neutral spinal bath and neutral spinal spray on blood pressure, heart rate and heart rate variability in healthy volunteers

Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine ◽

10.1515/jcim-2018-0118 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Arundhati Goley ◽

A. Mooventhan ◽

NK. Manjunath

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Heart Rate ◽

Heart Rate Variability ◽

Healthy Volunteers ◽

Group Analysis ◽

Low Frequency ◽

Single Session ◽

Arterial Blood ◽

Before And After ◽

Instantaneous Heart Rate

Abstract Background Hydrotherapeutic applications to the head and spine have shown to improve cardiovascular and autonomic functions. There is lack of study reporting the effect of either neutral spinal bath (NSB) or neutral spinal spray (NSS). Hence, the present study was conducted to evaluate and compare the effects of both NSB and NSS in healthy volunteers. Methods Thirty healthy subjects were recruited and randomized into either neutral spinal bath group (NSBG) or neutral spinal spray group (NSSG). A single session of NSB, NSS was given for 15 min to the NSBG and NSSG, respectively. Assessments were taken before and after the interventions. Results Results of this study showed a significant reduction in low-frequency (LF) to high-frequency (HF) (LF/HF) ratio of heart rate variability (HRV) spectrum in NSBG compared with NSSG (p=0.026). Within-group analysis of both NSBG and NSSG showed a significant increase in the mean of the intervals between adjacent QRS complexes or the instantaneous heart rate (HR) (RRI) (p=0.002; p=0.009, respectively), along with a significant reduction in HR (p=0.002; p=0.004, respectively). But, a significant reduction in systolic blood pressure (SBP) (p=0.037) and pulse pressure (PP) (p=0.017) was observed in NSSG, while a significant reduction in diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (p=0.008), mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) (p=0.008) and LF/HF ratio (p=0.041) was observed in NSBG. Conclusion Results of the study suggest that 15 min of both NSB and NSS might be effective in reducing HR and improving HRV. However, NSS is particularly effective in reducing SBP and PP, while NSB is particularly effective in reducing DBP and MAP along with improving sympathovagal balance in healthy volunteers.

Download Full-text