Dual Denoising Autoencoder Feature Learning for Cancer Diagnosis

Accurate forecasting of wind speed plays a fundamental role in enabling reliable operation and planning for large-scale integration of wind turbines. It is difficult to obtain the accurate wind speed forecasting (WSF) due to the intermittent and random nature of wind energy. In this paper, a multiperiod-ahead WSF model based on the analysis of variance, stacked denoising autoencoder (SDAE), and ensemble learning is proposed. The analysis of variance classifies the training samples into different categories. The stacked denoising autoencoder as a deep learning architecture is later built for unsupervised feature learning in each category. The ensemble of extreme learning machine (ELM) is applied to fine-tune the SDAE for multiperiod-ahead wind speed forecasting. Experimental results are made to demonstrate that the proposed model has the best performance compared with the classic WSF methods including the single SDAE-ELM, ELMAN, and adaptive neuron-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS).

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Breast Cancer Detection and Diagnosis Using Mammographic Data: Systematic Review

Journal of Medical Internet Research ◽

10.2196/14464 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 21 (7) ◽

pp. e14464 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Syed Jamal Safdar Gardezi ◽

Ahmed Elazab ◽

Baiying Lei ◽

Tianfu Wang

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Cancer Diagnosis ◽

Data Augmentation ◽

Computational Cost ◽

Feature Learning ◽

Breast Cancer Diagnosis ◽

Clinical Analysis ◽

Learning Ability ◽

Cad Systems ◽

Imaging Research

Background Machine learning (ML) has become a vital part of medical imaging research. ML methods have evolved over the years from manual seeded inputs to automatic initializations. The advancements in the field of ML have led to more intelligent and self-reliant computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) systems, as the learning ability of ML methods has been constantly improving. More and more automated methods are emerging with deep feature learning and representations. Recent advancements of ML with deeper and extensive representation approaches, commonly known as deep learning (DL) approaches, have made a very significant impact on improving the diagnostics capabilities of the CAD systems. Objective This review aimed to survey both traditional ML and DL literature with particular application for breast cancer diagnosis. The review also provided a brief insight into some well-known DL networks. Methods In this paper, we present an overview of ML and DL techniques with particular application for breast cancer. Specifically, we search the PubMed, Google Scholar, MEDLINE, ScienceDirect, Springer, and Web of Science databases and retrieve the studies in DL for the past 5 years that have used multiview mammogram datasets. Results The analysis of traditional ML reveals the limited usage of the methods, whereas the DL methods have great potential for implementation in clinical analysis and improve the diagnostic capability of existing CAD systems. Conclusions From the literature, it can be found that heterogeneous breast densities make masses more challenging to detect and classify compared with calcifications. The traditional ML methods present confined approaches limited to either particular density type or datasets. Although the DL methods show promising improvements in breast cancer diagnosis, there are still issues of data scarcity and computational cost, which have been overcome to a significant extent by applying data augmentation and improved computational power of DL algorithms.

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