The economic benefits of irreversible risk reduction by disaster prevention investment

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Yokomatsu ◽  
K. Kobayashi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Disaster Prevention

An Approach to Next-Generation Water Disaster Study – In Commemoration of the 10th Anniversary of the Establishment of ICHARM –

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1031-1031
Author(s):  
Toshio Koike ◽  
◽  
Kuniyoshi Takeuchi ◽  
Shinji Egashira
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Disaster Prevention ◽  
Mitigation And Adaptation ◽  
Drought Prediction ◽  
Water Disaster

In March 2015, the Third World Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction adopted the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction with a two-part goal: to prevent new and reduce existing disaster risks through the implementation of integrated and inclusive measures that prevent and reduce hazard exposure and vulnerability to disaster, and to increase preparedness for response and recovery, thus strengthening resilience. The first priority for action was given to ”understanding disaster risk,” including focusing on the collection and use of data, risk assessment, disaster prevention education, and awareness raising. The stance of emphasizing science and technology was clearly expressed. In September 2015, the UN Summit meeting adopted the 17 goals of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Four of the 17 goals include targets related to disaster prevention and mitigation, which has given rise to active discussions over measurement methods and indicators for the targets. The Paris Conference of the UN Climate Change Conference (COP21), held from the end of November to early December 2015, placed an emphasis on the importance of science and technology in both mitigation and adaptation. In light of these international discussions and their outcomes, we called for papers on the following three topics for this special edition featuring water disasters. (1) Prevention of new water disaster risks: rainfall prediction, flood and drought prediction, river bed change prediction, climate change, land use plans, etc. (2) Reduction of existing water disaster risks: disaster data and statistics, risk monitoring, risk assessment, etc. (3) Resilience reinforcement and inclusive measures: disaster recovery, risk communication, competence development, etc. Nineteen papers were applied to this special issue. All papers were peer reviewed, and sixteen papers are included herein. We received invaluable comments and suggestions for all applications from the points of view of various fields from many experts in Japan and overseas. We would like to express our gratitude for these.

scholarly journals Research on Key Technical Indexes of Coastal Reclamation Planning and Design

2021 ◽  
Vol 283 ◽  
pp. 02002
Author(s):  
Zhang Shixia ◽  
Zhan Zhenyu ◽  
Cao Guangtian
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Reduction Rate ◽  
Tidal Energy ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Ocean Dynamics ◽  
Tidal Range ◽  
Disaster Prevention ◽  
Coastal Landscape ◽  
Range Reduction ◽  
Coastal Reclamation

Large-scale coastal reclamation has become a significant land use issue worldwide for urban construction and economic development. The reclamation of coastal wetlands brings substantial economic benefits, however, the structure and function of coastal ecosystem are affected by drivers of human-caused landscape change. This research takes Hangzhou Bay and Zhoushan Islands as the case study to investigate the correlation between the coastal geomorphic complexity and the tidal range reduction rate, and to explore the control technical indexes of the design in reclamation area by a multidisciplinary approach that integrates the basic theories and quantitative methods of fractal geometry with the hydrodynamic mechanism of ocean dynamics. The results show that the coastal tidal range reduction rate is closely related to the coastline fractal dimension and patch shape index (D, S), and reveals the influence of the complexity of the coastal landscape on the tidal energy loss. In addition, based on model predictions, it can be found that the large-scale reclamation in Zhoushan will cause a serious decline in the complexity of the coastal landscape and the reduction of tidal energy, which is extremely detrimental to coastal disaster prevention. In the end, the scientific design theory and quantitative control indexes of reclamation are put forward to provide theoretical basis and design reference for future coastal reclamation and disaster prevention.

Introductory Remarks by Katja Samuel

2019 ◽  
Vol 113 ◽  
pp. 127-128
Author(s):  
Katja Samuel
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Disaster Prevention ◽  
Cost Estimates ◽  
Insurance Sector ◽  
Sendai Framework

The scale and impact of disasters is rising exponentially, with insurance sector cost estimates for “natural” disasters increasing from $188 billion (2016) to $300 billion (2017). In response, the global shift since the 1990s, reflected in the Sendai Framework on Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) (2015–2030), has been toward concentrating resources on disaster prevention and mitigation, including through improved preparedness and response mechanisms.

Consideration of Evacuation Drills Utilizing the Capabilities of People with Special Needs

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 794-801
Author(s):  
Takashi Sugiyama ◽  
Katsuya Yamori ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Special Needs ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Participation Rate ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Mountainous Area ◽  
Disaster Prevention ◽  
Mountainous Regions ◽  
Evacuation Drills ◽  
Evacuation Behaviors

People with special needs are at higher risk during a disaster than those without because of delayed disaster evacuation behaviors. Therefore, one of the top priorities in the field of disaster risk reduction is implementing evacuation support for the people with special needs. However, assistance is often limited, especially in areas with declining and aging populations. In addition, past evacuation activities for people with special needs have tended to focus on the barriers they face and assistance they need during evacuation rather than their utilizable capabilities. Therefore, this study considers evacuation drills that utilize the capabilities of people with special needs. An “indoor evacuation drill” was developed and the evacuation behaviors of residents with special needs were analyzed. An indoor evacuation drill is defined as an evacuation activity that participants carry out within their own homes – for example, evacuating from the bedroom to an exit. In coastal areas, such a drill helps residents prepare to evacuate their homes in case of a tsunami, while in mountainous regions, it helps them prepare for evacuation to the upper floors in case of a landslide. The study participants were residents of Hamamachi ward (a coastal area) and Kumai ward (a mountainous area) in Kuroshio town, Kōchi Prefecture, Japan. The results indicate that an indoor evacuation drill conducted in the participants’ living area, such as the entrance or second floor of their home, is easier to implement than usual disaster evacuation drills, and helps people with special needs regain autonomy in disaster risk reduction activities. Moreover, the participation rate of the target population in local evacuation drills increased after participating in the indoor evacuation drills. Existing evacuation drills often overlook people with special needs, and delays in disaster prevention for this population are often associated with their lack of interest in related activities. However, the results of this study suggest that disaster prevention activities themselves sometimes overlook the challenges faced by people with special needs and prevent them from participating.

scholarly journals Evaluation on the Meteorological Service for Mitigating the Severe Impacts of Typhoon Rammasun

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 194008292199266
Author(s):  
Yingjie Liu ◽  
Bingwei Cui ◽  
William D. Batchelor ◽  
Chenyi Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Disaster Prevention ◽  
Total Investment ◽  
Output Ratio ◽  
Direct Economic Loss ◽  
The Cost

This study takes the meteorological service of super typhoon Rammasun as an example, and proposes a multi-dimensional quantitative assessment method for meteorological service. Rammasun was the strongest typhoon that landed in China from 1949 to 2019. It hit the coastal areas of China three times, with a rare landing intensity in history. Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Yunnan and other provinces have suffered disasters of varying degrees, with a total affected population of 12.084 million and a direct economic loss of 44.89 billion CNY. During this period, the total investment in meteorological services was approximately 1.213 billion CNY, and the economic benefits of disaster prevention and mitigation in the four disaster-stricken provinces were worth 16.1 billion CNY. According to the cost-benefit analysis of economics, the input-output ratio for disaster prevention and mitigation in Typhoon Rammasun was 1:13.

scholarly journals Sustainable Community Development for Disaster Resilience and Human Resources Development for Disaster Risk Reduction – Growth and Community Contribution of the Katahira Children’s Board for Community Development –

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 931-942
Author(s):  
Takeshi Sato ◽  
Aiko Sakurai ◽  
Yuki Sadaike ◽  
Risa Yanagiya ◽  
Hitoshi Konno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Development ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Human Resources Development ◽  
Disaster Prevention ◽  
Sustainable Community Development ◽  
Community Contribution ◽  
Resources Development

This paper describes the Fourth Disaster Prevention Treasure Hunt, which took place at the Second World Bosai Forum in November 2019, as an event related to the Sendai Disaster Prevention Future Forum. In particular, we focus on the growth and community contribution of the Katahira Children’s Board for Community Development, among other efforts in human resources development for disaster management undertaken by the Katahira Community Development Association. In tandem with Children’s Board, the “Disaster Risk Reduction × Treasure Hunting Game” serves as a model for sustainable activities for disaster risk reduction. We believe that this model can contribute to the global promotion of community-based, self-directed, and sustainable activities for disaster risk reduction.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document