Hemodynamic and Left Ventricular Pressure-Volume Responses to Counterpulsation in Mock Circulation and Acute Large Animal Models

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.C. Koenig ◽  
G.M. Pantalos ◽  
K.N. Litwak ◽  
K.J. Gillars ◽  
G.A. Giridharan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Left Ventricular Pressure ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Ventricular Pressure ◽  
Large Animal ◽  
Large Animal Models ◽  
Mock Circulation

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Methods to Induce Myocardial Infarction in a Closed-Chest Rabbit Model

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc-Antoine Isorni ◽  
Amaury Casanova ◽  
Julie Piquet ◽  
Valérie Bellamy ◽  
Charly Pignon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Rabbit Model ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Balloon Occlusion ◽  
Gelatin Sponge ◽  
Large Animal ◽  
Alcohol Injection ◽  
Closed Chest ◽  
Large Animal Models

Objective.To develop a rabbit model of closed-chest catheter-induced myocardial infarction.Background.Limitations of rodent and large animal models justify the search for clinically relevant alternatives.Methods.Microcatheterization of the heart was performed in 47 anesthetized 3-4 kg New Zealand rabbits to test five techniques of myocardial ischemia: free coils (n=4), interlocking coils (n=4), thrombogenic gelatin sponge (n=4), balloon occlusion (n=4), and alcohol injection (n=8). In order to limit ventricular fibrillation, an antiarrhythmic protocol was implemented, with beta-blockers/amiodarone before and xylocaine infusion during the procedure. Clinical, angiographic, and echographic data were gathered. End points included demonstration of vessel occlusion (TIMI flow grades 0 and 1 on the angiogram), impairment of left ventricular function at 2 weeks after procedure (by echocardiography), and pathologically confirmed myocardial infarction.Results.The best arterial access was determined to be through the right carotid artery. The internal mammary guiding catheter 4-Fr was selected as the optimal device for selective intracoronary injection. Free coils deployed prematurely and tended to prolapse into the aorta. Interlocking coils did not deploy completely and failed to provide reliable results. Gelatin sponge was difficult to handle, adhered to the catheter, and could not be clearly visualized by fluoroscopy. Balloon occlusion yielded inconsistent results. Alcohol injection was the most efficient and reproducible method for inducing myocardial infarction (4 out of 6 animals), the extent of which could be fine-tuned by using a coaxial balloon catheter as a microcatheter (0.52 mm) to achieve a superselective injection of 0.2 mL of alcohol. This approach resulted in a 20% decrease in LVEF and infarcted myocardium was confirmed histologically.Conclusions.By following a stepwise approach, a minimally invasive, effective, and reproducible rabbit model of catheter-induced myocardial infarction has been developed which addresses the limitations of rodent experiments while avoiding the logistical and cost issues associated with large animal models.

Large Animal Models for Left Ventricular Assist Device Research and Development

ASAIO Journal ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gretel Monreal ◽  
Leslie C. Sherwood ◽  
Michael A. Sobieski ◽  
Guruprasad A. Giridharan ◽  
Mark S. Slaughter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Left Ventricular Assist Device ◽  
Ventricular Assist Device ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Large Animal ◽  
Assist Device ◽  
Ventricular Assist ◽  
Large Animal Models ◽  
Left Ventricular Assist ◽  
Device Research

Beat-to-Beat Analysis of Left Ventricular Pressure-Volume Relation and Stroke Volume by Conductance Catheter and Aortic Modelflow in Cardiomyoplasty Patients

Circulation ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 91 (7) ◽  
pp. 2010-2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.J. Schreuder ◽  
F.H. van der Veen ◽  
E.T. van der Velde ◽  
F. Delahaye ◽  
O. Alfieri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stroke Volume ◽  
Left Ventricular Pressure ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Ventricular Pressure ◽  
Conductance Catheter ◽  
Volume Relation

Contribution of extravascular compression to reduction of maximal coronary blood flow

1992 ◽  
Vol 262 (1) ◽  
pp. H68-H77
Author(s):  
F. L. Abel ◽  
R. R. Zhao ◽  
R. F. Bond
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Coronary Blood Flow ◽  
Coronary Flow ◽  
Perfusion Pressure ◽  
Left Ventricular Pressure ◽  
Coronary Perfusion Pressure ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Ventricular Pressure ◽  
Coronary Perfusion ◽  
Storage Site

Effects of ventricular compression on maximally dilated left circumflex coronary blood flow were investigated in seven mongrel dogs under pentobarbital anesthesia. The left circumflex artery was perfused with the animals' own blood at a constant pressure (63 mmHg) while left ventricular pressure was experimentally altered. Adenosine was infused to produce maximal vasodilation, verified by the hyperemic response to coronary occlusion. Alterations of peak left ventricular pressure from 50 to 250 mmHg resulted in a linear decrease in total circumflex flow of 1.10 ml.min-1 x 100 g heart wt-1 for each 10 mmHg of peak ventricular to coronary perfusion pressure gradient; a 2.6% decrease from control levels. Similar slopes were obtained for systolic and diastolic flows as for total mean flow, implying equal compressive forces in systole as in diastole. Increases in left ventricular end-diastolic pressure accounted for 29% of the flow changes associated with an increase in peak ventricular pressure. Doubling circumferential wall tension had a minimal effect on total circumflex flow. When the slopes were extrapolated to zero, assuming linearity, a peak left ventricular pressure of 385 mmHg greater than coronary perfusion pressure would be required to reduce coronary flow to zero. The experiments were repeated in five additional animals but at different perfusion pressures from 40 to 160 mmHg. Higher perfusion pressures gave similar results but with even less effect of ventricular pressure on coronary flow or coronary conductance. These results argue for an active storage site for systolic arterial flow in the dilated coronary system.

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