scholarly journals Polar Coding for Multi-level 3-Receiver Broadcast Channels

Author(s):  
Karthik Nagarjuna Tunuguntla ◽  
Paul H. Siegel
Author(s):  
Chris Alexander

This paper provides details on a study performed for a liquids pipeline operator to evaluate the effects of ovality on the mechanical integrity of pipe bends in their 16-inch pipe system. Prior to this study, a caliper tool was run that indicated unacceptable ovality was present in the bends relative to the requirements set forth in ASME B31.4. An engineering investigation was performed based on the methodology of API 579 Fitness for Service. This standard provides guidance on evaluating defects using a multi-level assessment approach (Levels 1, 2, and 3) that rewards rigorous evaluation efforts by reducing the required design margins. Therefore, an extensive evaluation was performed that involved making field measurements of the bends in the ditch. Using these ovality measurements, calculations were performed using the closed-form equations in API 579 for Level 2 assessment. The ovality of several of the bends in the field was deemed unacceptable based on in-field measurements. Consequently, a Level 3 assessment was completed using finite element analysis (FEA). The results of this more rigorous analysis, coupled with more favorable design margins, resulted in this particular bend being acceptable. A tool was developed to permit a general assessment of pipe bends having ovality and was validated by performing a full-scale burst test.


Author(s):  
Toshiaki Koike-Akino ◽  
Congzhe Cao ◽  
Ye Wang ◽  
Stark C. Draper ◽  
David S. Millar ◽  
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2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 339-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Frey ◽  
W. Haeberli ◽  
A. Linsbauer ◽  
C. Huggel ◽  
F. Paul

Abstract. In the course of glacier retreat, new glacier lakes can develop. As such lakes can be a source of natural hazards, strategies for predicting future glacier lake formation are important for an early planning of safety measures. In this article, a multi-level strategy for the identification of overdeepened parts of the glacier beds and, hence, sites with potential future lake formation, is presented. At the first two of the four levels of this strategy, glacier bed overdeepenings are estimated qualitatively and over large regions based on a digital elevation model (DEM) and digital glacier outlines. On level 3, more detailed and laborious models are applied for modeling the glacier bed topography over smaller regions; and on level 4, special situations must be investigated in-situ with detailed measurements such as geophysical soundings. The approaches of the strategy are validated using historical data from Trift Glacier, where a lake formed over the past decade. Scenarios of future glacier lakes are shown for the two test regions Aletsch and Bernina in the Swiss Alps. In the Bernina region, potential future lake outbursts are modeled, using a GIS-based hydrological flow routing model. As shown by a corresponding test, the ASTER GDEM and the SRTM DEM are both suitable to be used within the proposed strategy. Application of this strategy in other mountain regions of the world is therefore possible as well.


2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1461-1467
Author(s):  
Indrarini Dyah Irawati ◽  
Sugondo Hadiyoso ◽  
Yuli Sun Hariyani

In this study, we proposed compressive sampling for MRI reconstruction based on sparse representation using multi-wavelet transformation. Comparing the performance of wavelet decomposition level, which are Level 1, Level 2, Level 3, and Level 4. We used gaussian random process to generate measurement matrix. The algorithm used to reconstruct the image is . The experimental results showed that the use of wavelet multi-level can generate higher compression ratio but requires a longer processing time. MRI reconstruction results based on the parameters of the peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) and structural similarity index measure (SSIM) show that the higher the level of decomposition in wavelets, the value of both decreases.


ICT Express ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 111-114
Author(s):  
Sungik Choi ◽  
Sae-Young Chung

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Umi Sumbulah

<p class="Bodytext20">Violence against women, especially domestic violence that is currently prevalent, is actually a multilevel and multi-dimensional problem. This paper explores the roots of violence against women at various social, educational and economic levels. In the literature of feminism, the frequent form of violence against women is also the exploitation and exploitation of women, belonging to the violence of pornography, the harassment of women's image and dignity. This paper also offers some thoughts to solve them, as follows: 1) Reinterpretation of sacred texts that are just and uphold the principles of equality between men and women; 2) Internalization and socialization of equality values in multi-level and social stratification of the community regardless of ethnicity, race, gender, religion and other social level; 3) Creation of a sakinah and harmonious household situation; 4) Continuity of movement and struggle against inequality and injustice against women, baiik by men as well as by women themselves; 5) Handling of victims of violence, whether from psychological, legal, or other aspects; 6) Provision of legal facilities and political containers that accommodate the interests of women and counseling for the handling of violence.</p><p class="Bodytext20"> </p><p class="Bodytext20">Kekerasan terhadap kaum perempuan khususnya kekerasan dalam rumah tangga yang saat ini marak terjadi, sebenarnya adalah masalah yang multilevel dan multi dimensional. Tulisan ini mengeksplorasi akar kekerasan terhadap kaum perempuan di berbagai tingkat sosial, pendidikan dan ekonomi. Dalam literatur-literatur feminisme, bentuk kekerasan terhadap perempuan yang sering juga dipersoalkan adalah eksploitasi dan seksploitasi terhadap perempuan, yang tergolong pada kekerasan pornografi, yakni pelecehan terhadap citra dan martabat perempuan. Tulisan ini juga menawarkan beberapa pemikiran untuk menyelesaikannya, sebagai berikut: 1) Reinterpretasi teks suci yang berkeadilan dan menjunjung tinggi prinsip-prinsip kesetaraan antara laki-laki dan perempuan; 2) Internalisasi dan sosialisasi nilai-nilai kesetaraan di multi level dan stratifikasi sosial masyarakat tanpa memandang etnis, ras, jenis kelamin, agama dan tingkat sosial lainnya; 3) Penciptaan situasi rumah tangga yang sakinah dan harmonis; 4) Kontinuitas gerakan dan perjuangan melawan ketimpangan dan ketidakadilan terhadap kaum perempuan, baiik oleh laki-laki maupun oleh perempuan sendiri; 5) Penanganan korban kekerasan, baik dari aspek psikis, hukum, maupun lainnya; 6) Penyediaan fasilitas hukum dan wadah politik yang mengakomodir kepentingan perempuan serta konseling untuk penanganan kekerasan.</p>


2021 ◽  
pp. 136216882098842
Author(s):  
Wen-Ta Tseng ◽  
Yeu-Ting Liu ◽  
Yi-Ting Hsu ◽  
Hsi-Chin Chu

This study set out to re-examine the effectiveness of study abroad programs in second language (L2) acquisition through a multi-level meta-analysis. Overall, 42 primary studies published between 1995 and 2019 were identified, and in total 283 effect sizes were meta-analysed. This study implemented a three-level random effects model to account for the clustered, mutually dependent effect sizes often nested in the primary studies of L2 study abroad research. The results indicated a medium-to-large effect ( g = 0.87) on study abroad language programs. Essentially, the featured moderators in general explained more heterogeneity variances at level 3 (i.e. the between-study level) than at level 2 (i.e. the within study level). For study abroad language learners, language acquisition is optimal when learners, in particular those of a lower proficiency level, take both formal and content-based language courses while living with host families. Learners’ age and pre-program training may not moderate the effectiveness of study abroad language programs. Importantly, this study further established that the length of study abroad programs are positively associated with learners’ language gains, but that an extended and prolonged domestic program does not necessarily lead to such gains. Research and pedagogical implications are further discussed based on the research findings.


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